ANCIENT CITY OF UR REPORT ANCIENT HISTORY REPORT BY DYLAN NAGLE Yr. 11 The ancient Sumerian city of Ur was a southern Mesopotamian city located in what is now modern day Iraq. The city of Ur was established in approximately 3800BC, being inhabited until 450BC. In its prominent state Ur was a city of large scope, size and opulence. That and its position on the Persian Gulf allowed trade with countries as far away as India, bringing the city a vast amount of wealth. In 1922CE Ur became a site of great excitement when Sir Leonard Woolley (1880-1960) began excavations on the site conducted on behalf of the British Museum, London and the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia. Sir Woolley 's findings would reveal many things about …show more content…
Due to the extensive amount of gold and jewellery found in such a short time Hamoudi nicknamed the first trench 'the gold trench '. The second trench showed evidence of a large wall as well as the ruins of several ancient buildings. Despite everyone 's excitement with the 'gold trench ' Sir Woolley, recognising the evidence of possible burials, decided not to continue due to the fact that his workers were not yet experienced enough to dig up the burial pits. The 'gold trench ' would not be touched for another three years. Although disappointed the workers continued to excavate trench two enthusiastically. Within a few weeks Sir Woolley 's team had uncovered the remains of a temple named Enunmah and more sections of the large wall. Sir Woolley 's work was halted in the spring due to the intense heat as the high temperatures made it intolerable for the workers to dig. Sir Woolley returned to England with plans to return in autumn when the temperature is cooler. Sir Woolley would then continue this practice for the next · ten years that he spent working on the city of Ur site. The excavation started back up in the autumn of 1923. The teams spent this time to clear away the rubble around the Ziggurat. Woolley 's teams uncovered a courtyard and surrounding rooms. During this season Sir Wooley had decided to explore a site not far from the dig site called Tell AL Ubaid, leaving Hamoudi in charge of
This was normally dry but could be flooded by pipes if necessary. Behind this was a set of three walls to get through. The first, a low wall to shield a line of archers. However, if attackers managed to get through the first wall, they had to overcome the second wall which was 27 feet high. This sheltered even more troops.
World War I was known for its very slow-paced battle and the stage of stalemate. After advancing from Germany on France, battle turned into trench warfare. Trench Warfare is a defensive strategy in a field where the army stays in rows of trenches that were placed along the Western Front during the war. The use of trenches during the Great War was a very significant tactic during battle, by making soldiers hidden but exposed just enough to be able to attack the enemy. On a daily basis, life in the trenches was very scary and filled with horror. Death was upon the soldiers even if there was nobody attacking them. There was a continuous shell fire that would randomly take the lives of many. Some men died on their first day in the trenches, and very few were lucky to make it out unharmed. Shell fire was not the only issue in the trenches. There were plenty of diseases and infections spreading around like a wildfire. Many soldiers got infections and diseases that could not be treated such as Trench Foot or Trench Fever. Although trench warfare acts as a great defensive and offensive measure, it became very dangerous because of the many different causes of death including shell fire, diseases, and infections.
When considering excavation methods, the location of the site has to be taken into account, as many archaeological methodologies can cause long-term damage to the site. So considering conservation strategies and methods is crucial. This directly applies to New Kinord, as the
World War I was known for its very slow-paced battle and the stage of stalemate. After advancing from Germany on France, battle turned into trench warfare. Trench Warfare is a defensive strategy in a field where the army stays in rows of trenches that were placed along the Western Front during the war. The use of trenches during the Great War was a very significant tactic during battle, by making soldiers hidden but exposed just enough to be able to attack the enemy. On a daily basis, life in the trenches was very scary and filled with horror. Death was upon the soldiers even if there was nobody attacking them. There was a continuous shell fire that would randomly take the lives of many. Some men died on their first day in the trenches, and very few were lucky to make it out unharmed. Shell fire was not the only issue in the trenches. There were plenty of diseases and infections spreading around like a wildfire. Many soldiers got infections and diseases that could not be treated such as Trench Foot or Trench Fever. Although trench warfare acts as a great defensive and offensive measure, it became very dangerous because of the many different causes of death including shell fire, diseases, and infections.
The excavation of Sutton Hoo stared in 1939, the archeologists were amazed at all of the treasure they found. There was gold and silver, brooches and jewelry, dishes and many other valuable objects. The excavations have lead archaeologist to believe that Sutton Hoo is a high class cemetary, where the noble people were buried, and in the main mound the king.
Ur was one of the most powerful cities in Sumer between 3000 and 2000 BCE. It was located roughly 300 kilometers (about 187 miles) southeast of Baghdad which was surrounded by the arid, salt-encrusted plain of the Euphrates and Tigris rivers. Today however, Ur is far from the Persian Gulf and is surrounded by a wall about 8 meters tall. The temples were a major economic entities because it help them bring
Kathleen’s first archaeological experience was in the Great Zimbabwe in Southern Rhodesia as a photographer where she was joined by Gertrude Caton-Thomson. This expedition had been made possible by her father’s facilitation and connections along with Margaret Fry’s persuasion. As she would prove useful on this excavation, being both industrious and reliable, her duties would expand beyond taking pictures to overseeing the workers assisting at the site. After she returned to England, at the completion of the Zimbabwe expedition, Kathleen joined Sir Mortimer Wheeler’s staff at his excavation at Roman Verulamiun (St. Albans), north of London. While there she would study Wheeler’s method of stratigraphic excavation. Wheeler’s findings were based on the concept developed by geologist William Smith where materials accumulate on a site through a sequence of layers that explain the historical timeline
These trenches allowed for soldiers to be able to stand tall and shoot at enemies with their bodies well protected. Despite the fact that these seem quite safe for soldiers, if an enemy was to throw a bomb into the trench, everyone would be in grave danger as there is virtually no escaping its’ blast.
Conquered by the Semitic speaking kings of the Akkadian Empire in 2350BC, the Sumerian language continued as a sacred language. Native Sumerian rule re-emerged during the Third Dynasty of Ur in 2112 to 2004BC with the Akkadian language continuing to be used.These Sumerian cities were headed by a priest-king with their own specific patron god or goddess. In additon the priest-king was assisted by a council of elders that included both men and women. Uruk became the most urbanized city in the world surpassing for the first time a population of 50,000
One hundred years ago the world shared one thing in common, experiencing the world’s first war. Many factors that go into the war or had an influence on it had their own specific role. Trench warfare was a common type of fighting where both troops would build their own trenches in order to protect themselves from their enemy on other side separated by no man’s land. Trenches were a key part of the battleground during World War I and became the home and final location for millions of soldiers. Trenches were necessary for American troops survival in World War I because they were an effective form of protection and defense, and were built to prevent injuries and/or deaths.
The Trench Warfare was certainly one of the major events of World War 1. The Trenches were a tactic which protected the soldiers from the artillery and other deadly weapons which they could find on the battlefield above, however, the trenches killed as many soldiers living below as they did on the battlefield above. The trenches were a safe shelter for the soldiers, yet a deadly grave caused by the hygiene. Many soldiers caught the numerous deadly diseases which they could find down in the trenches below and these spread to cause many unsightly deaths for the soldiers. However, overall the trenches still provided adequate protection for the soldiers and without the idea of these underground holes, the war would have been far more gruesome.
Mesopotamia is a rich flat plain created by deposits from the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. At the southern end of this plain developed the first recognizable civilization, in the area known as Sumer. In 3000 B.C. Sumer contained a dozen or more city-states, each ruled by its own king and worshiped its own patron deity. The citizens of these city-states were classified into three classes: nobles and priests, commoners, and slaves. In the center of a
The site of Ur or Tell el-Mukayyar is located in southern Iraq between Baghdad and the Persian Gulf. The location of Ur in modern times is far more inland then I would have been at the time of the Early Dynastic. The city of Ur was an important city state in Mesopotamia due to its proximity to the Euphrates, Tigris and Persian Gulf. The site at Ur was occupied for four thousand years from the Ubaid period to the Iron Age when it was abandoned.
One of the most striking aspects of the city is its residential structures. The city of UR was a prehistoric city so there are no written accounts of the city. All that is known from the city can be determined from archeology. Because the city was violently destroyed and lost, it was relatively undisturbed for thousands of years until it was rediscovered by archeologists. these conditions made the discovery of such
Among the first sites to undergo archeological excavation were Stonehenge and other megalithic monuments in England. The first known excavations made at Stonehenge were conducted by Dr William Harvey and Gilbert North in the early 17th century. Both Inigo Jones and the Duke of Buckingham also dug there shortly afterwards. John Aubrey was a pioneer archaeologist who recorded numerous megalithic and other field monuments in southern England. He also discovered and mapped the Avebury henge monument. He wrote Monumenta Britannica in the late 17th century, as a survey of early urban and military sites, including Roman towns, "camps" (hillforts), and castles and a review of archaeological remains, including sepulchral monuments, roads, coins and