Society
Kings Reigns
Cyrus: 560-530 BC
Darius: 522-486 BC
Xerxes: 486-465 BC
Artaxerxes: 465-425 BC
What was Susa?
Susa was originally the capital of Elam, located in a fertile agricultural area. Darius I is credited with transforming the city into the administrative capital for the Persian kings. It was accessible to Babylon, Ecbatana and the eastern parts of the empire.
Identify three Royal Palaces in this period
Susa, Pasargadae and Persepolis
Who or what was Bel Marduk?
Bel Marduk was the principal Babylonian God at the time of the conquest of Babylon by Cyrus the Great. Bel Marduk is honored in Babylon for bringing order to the cosmos, creating humankind and defending all other Gods against a usurper.
What is meant
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As part of a feudal system, males workers were liable to recruitment into the kings army as foot soldiers or the king’s navy as rowers. They provided wealth and income for the king and the empire.
What was tribute?
The administrative costs of the empire were met by tribute. Most tribute sent to the treasuries of Persia was in the form of manufactured goods and metals, especially silver and gold dust. It could also be given in the form of produce, where the amount for each satrapy was worked out on the basis of the cultivated land and its crop capacity each year. Tribute was collected by satraps and provided as gifts to the great king.
Who or what was Pasargadae?
Pasargadae is the building site of Cyrus the Great where he created an expansive garden complex. It suggests that an emerging significant feature of successful kingship was the ability to harness the resources of the empire for impressive building achievements. The two main building structures at this site are the Palace and the Apadana. Pasargadae also contains the Tomb of Cyrus.
Name THREE occupations in Persian society during this period
Stonemasons, Artisans, Miners
Name two activities of Persian kings
Commencing and completing grand building projects, Accompanying troops on campaigns to expand the empire
Describe the organisation of Royal Treasuries
Royal treasuries were important for finance and storage of wealth. They were grand
Darius the Great was a man who had great leadership, he was the first empire of a large kingdom a kingdom of 20 nation, kingdom of Rome. In the beginning Darius had an issue on figuring out how he will rule 20 nations without causing issues. So Darius came with a plan to outline a scripture of rules on the wall of peace and corruption but there was a flaw in his plan, the people spoke different languages in the nation. He then came up with making different way to rule them by images on the wall, it showed that Darius wants no war and that the people are happy to serve him. Commoners were not able to see this rule so he had put the rules on a huge wall for them to see as they passed by doing their duties, which was 200ft above the ground from
It was a surprise when even the most powerful civilizations, such as the Persian Empire and the Byzantine Empire, were no match for the Muslim civilization. Effortlessly, the Muslim armies marched from land to land and claimed victory after victory. The Muslim civilization was unified under Islam, more stable than ever, and skilled in defense so they could easily take advantage of the weak and divided Europe. As the Muslim civilization acquired more land, they built an impressive empire, stretching from Spain to India. Under Muslim rule, Arabs, Persians, Egyptians, Africans, Europeans, Mongols, Turks, Indians, and Southeast Asians came together and many of their traditions and cultural practices blended together. As a combination of all
1.Which had a larger impact on the Persian civilizations - trade networks, diffusion of food and goods, spread of religion, or spread of disease? Please explain all 4 and choose one overall.
A man named Cyrus overthrew the Persian monarch and became the forefather of the Achaemenid Persian Empire. He united the Persian tribes and conquered Lydia, as well as Mesopotamia later on in his rule.
Ancient civilizations made some important contributions to our life today. They started around 3500 BC. Ancient civilizations also achieved many things. Some of those things were new inventions, the use of new technology, writing systems and architectural skills. Two of the many civilizations that did these things were the Chinese and Egyptians.
(doc 1) The cultures of ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia developed into successful The cultures of ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia developed into successful civilizations because they built lot’s and they tried to survive for as long as they could. To begin, the Egyptians used any source or form of water that they could find. Like when the Egyptian Civilization was set up next to the Nile river, they depended on it for many things. Like, when the Nile overflowed and it helped them make good farming soil for their crops.
Throughout time, many civilizations have risen and fallen, all of them making their own impressions on the future. Civilizations such as Ancient Mesopotamia evolved over time, becoming more and more advanced. The Ancient Mesopotamians had many groundbreaking achievements and innovations that made them an advanced civilization. These features were in many areas, such as law, technology, and education, among others. Important breakthroughs like these are what made Mesopotamia an advanced and impactful civilization.
According to Document 7 which shows the Persian Empire, the capital city, and the Royal Road you can see how the Persian Empire was surrounded by many bodies of water and nice land. The Persians took advantage of the bodies of water and land which eventually led to cultural diffusion. The map that
IEP10 #36 Rebecca Darius the Great Imagine frequent warfare is ongoing in your country, and everyday hundreds of thousands of people are dying. This is what happened in Persia, the largest empire ever established around 500 BCE. No leaders could govern the entire empire, but there was one person out of many who reinstated order in Persia. His name was Darius I. Darius created a permanent army composed of paid soldiers, and brought political stability to Persia through the division of land into regions and the development of the Royal Roads.
Similar to the Epic of Gilgamesh, the Law Codes of Hammurabi unveil a society in which a harsh environment led to a set world view. In an age where it was commonly believed Mesopotamian gods had already preordained the future, Hammurabi’s code came to be viewed as the embodiment of these gods’ will. The prologue of Hammurabi’s Code proclaims that Enil (the storm god) is the “determiner of destinies of the land” and “functions over all mankind.”3 This opening verse of Hammurabi’s Code demonstrates the people of Babylon firmly believed their fate was set in stone by the gods.
The cultures of Mesopotamia and Egypt developed into such successful civilizations for various reasons. Mesopotamia is located in the middle of the Fertile Crescent, which is made up of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. Egypt is located in Africa and has natural barriers that protect it. Those barriers are the Red Sea, the Mediterranean Sea, the Nile River, and various mountains.
The Persian Empire overtook the weakening Babylonian empire under the rule of Cyrus and then expanded under his successors. The Persian Empire was unique in its ruling over the people that it had conquered, especially under the rule of Cyrus and Darius.1 In order to ensure that the empire would continue to flourish, in spite of its expansion and increasing size, the Persian rulers integrated the local cultures and peoples, which benefitted both the Empire and those they conquered.2 Although they were a conquered people, the Mesopotamian people, including and maybe especially Babylon, profited and prospered economically and culturally and enjoyed greater privileges politically then they could have hoped for under the ruler ship of other conquerors.
The beginning of the Persian Empire is accredited to the wise guidance of a man known as Cyrus the Great. Cyrus was a bright and influential Persian king whose approach for expanding the Persian Empire was to conquer nearing lands with the goal of uniting them into one vast empire. With his dexterous guidance and a solid military, Cyrus succeeded in fashioning a massive empire that lasted for more than two hundred years. The strong roots and influences brought to the Persian Empire by Cyrus gave the emperors after him much power, like Darius I, who continued to enlarge the Empire. In the year 550 Cyrus the Great took power over the land of Media. As he began to create a strong government he elected both Median and Persian nobles as civilian officials. After conquering Media’s people states throughout Anatolia soon fell under his reign. He then even conquered lands in the area known as the Fertile Crescent. After this the Persian Empire was enormous. Cyrus implemented a rule of toleration toward all his conquered
Similar to the Roman Empire the Persian Empire stretched across vast lands without any serious rivalry. At the height of the empire it stretched across, not only, Asia, from the Aegean to the Indus River, but also included part of the continent of Africa. We get the word, Persia, from the Greek word Parsa meaning, “Above reproach”. The Persians unlike most other Empires would be ruled under a benevolent ruler. This would bring a large amount of cultural diffusion to the Empire. The empires history is separated into three historical periods: Old Persia (600-300 B.C.E), Middle Persia (300-800 B.C.E.) and modern Persia (800-Present). The height or the Empire was reached around 500 B.C.E. (Ancient and Medieval History
The feudal system of the time operated on the premise of peasants or serfs, and thanes, or lords. The lords owned the land, and the peasants worked on it. In turn, they received the protection