Andrew Peters Mineral/Rock Lab

Minerals are what make-up Rocks and rocks are what make up the geology of an area. In this report, we will focus on the geology of Ontario through its rocks. We will look at ten difference rocks samples that have been collected from several different places here in Windsor Ontario including the beach, the river, gravel pits, along highways and roadways as well in parks and campsites. The rocks that were collected are all rocks that have formed right here in Ontario.

In reference to the analysis of anions, Table 1 shows that a precipitate was formed when our unknown was combined with HNO3 and AgNO3, thus indicating the presence of a chloride ion. Because our unknown did not form a precipitate due to HCl and BaCl2, separate, effervesce, or smell, we concluded that neither sulfate, nitrate, carbonate nor

Amethyst is purple quartz; the color is caused by iron (Fe4+) impurities. Azurite is a copper mineral. Calcite is a very common and widespread mineral and has highly variable forms and colors. Lodestone is a natural magnet. Mica is a sheet silicate. Rose quartz is translucent and a variety of the silica mineral quartz, found in pegmatite. Talc almost always found in foliated masses in metamorphic rocks with many carbonate minerals. Pyrite is a very common mineral. The brassy-yellow metallic color of pyrite has lead people to mistaking it for Gold, so its common nickname is

10. The minerals shown in Figure 1.12 (p. 7 lab book) are fluorite and topaz that have been tested for hardness. Use the Mohs scale in Figure 1.11 (p. 7 lab book) to identify which is fluorite and which is topaz.

Then we took 8.35mL of salt water and put it in the evaporating dish which we placed over a Bunsen burner until all the water was dried out. The mass of the evaporating dish with the solid was 83.39g which means the mass of the sodium chloride was 0.622g. Next we took the mass and divided it by the volume of the solution which was 8.35mL and got 0.074 as the original concentration. To the get molarity of the salt solution we had to divide the concentration by the mass of the sodium chloride and then multiply by 1000mL to get 1.3M of salt solution. Final thing we had to do was determine the number ions present in 8.35mL so we took 1.3 moles of NaCl and divided it by 1000mL then multiplied by 8.5mL to get 0.01105 number of Na ions and Cl. The data was as I expected for part A because I followed step by step instructions on how to convert from grams to moles and moles to number of molecules and for part B my answer of 1.3 molarity of salt solution matched with key provided on LoudCloud.

Record the mass of the sodium chloride in the data table. If it is too small to read, click on the

Mineral |Crystal shape |Color |Density |Hardness |Streak |Fizzes in acid? | |Galena (lead ore) |Cubic/ irregular |Gray |7.5 g/mL |3 |Dark gray |No | |Gold |Irregular |Golden yellow |19.3 g/mL |3 |Yellow |No | |Graphite (pencil lead) |Irregular |Dark gray |2.2 g/mL |2 |Gray |No | |Hematite (iron ore) |Irregular |Red-brown to black |5.3

Home testing water kits, sourced from Pet Barn will indicate the type of minerals in each batch of water. This information is helpful as it is an easy way to test water quality firsthand. Furthermore, this method is cost effective while still providing an accurate result to base my evidence on.

The results for the “Total Hardness” test varied between 20 ppm -128 ppm. The “Total Alkalinity” results varied between 28 ppm – 84 ppm. The results for the “Iron” test were between 0 ppm – 1 ppm. For the “Chloride” the results were as low as 20 ppm and went all the way to 8,000 ppm, but for most part the results were from 20 ppm – 60 ppm. The “Color in Water Low Range” test showed that the max APHA Color was 20 and the lowest APHA Color was 0, which is a great result. Results for the “Turbidity Column” test were Not Applicable (N/A). For both the “Chromate” and “Copper” test the results were 0 ppm. The results for “Zinc” varied between 0 ppm – 2

13 September 2015 C4C Jacee French She sent me the email that had the grading rubric in it that we received in class. She also gave me guidance on whether or not I should write about the mineral my percent composition matched up with or the mineral near that with the correct physical

For example, sodium chloride is an ion because it components are oppositely charged which are Na+ and Cl-. The ions were measured in the lab by the conductivity meter. There is a straight direct relationship between salinity and conductivity which means that whenever salinity increases conductivity also increases and when salinity decreases conductivity also decreases. If there is less water, but still the same amount of ions, I would expect that conductivity would increase, as there is more ions in less amount of space which makes the salinity increase and as a result the conductivity also increases. The standard curve is a curve that is used to determine the value of unknown quality. It is used for this lab to determine the salinity of the Seven River estuary. The standard curve enabled us to experimentally determine the relationship between two quantities which are the salinity and conductivity. The dilution was made by putting together each part of the sample which were the distilled water and the salted water. We the distilled water in a separate breaker and the NaCl solution in another breaker. We also had a measuring cylinder to use when we were testing the samples. Then, we start using doing each sample that we had and after measuring them we measure the conductivity by the conductivity meter by plugging the conductivity probe in the breaker to get the amount of conductivity in each sample Furthermore, we had to

Substance one was determined to be iron because it was magnetic, and the its melting point was 1535℃, its boiling point was 3000℃, and its density was 1870 g/L. Substance 2 was determined to be wood, because it was lightweight and grainy and a wooden color. It also floated, meaning it had a density less than water, like wood. Substance 3 was determined to be sand, because it was small rocks, which is sand, and had a melting point of 1610℃, a boiling point of 2230℃, and a density of 2650 g/L. Substance 4 was determined to be salt, because it was made of small, white grains, and conducted electricity. It had a melting point of 801℃, a boiling point of 1413℃, and a density of 2170 g/L. In this lab, physical interactions were used to determine

Minerals are naturally occurring, inorganic, solid, crystalline substances which have a fixed structure and chemical composition. Minerals are an important part of Geology, especially when studying Crystal and mineral growth. Understanding how crystals grow and the difference between slow and fast cooling rates is also important in Geology. Knowing the difference between cooling rates is important because cooling rate changes the texture of rocks and minerals. The purpose for the Crystal Growth experiment is to identify which Solubility and temperature produces larger crystals, and to simulate natural crystal growth. We will achieve the results we desire by conducting the experiment thoroughly and correctly, as well as correctly

The cations in both the known and unknown samples were identified by using qualitative analysis, of which were determined to be acidic, basic, or neutral by using litmus paper. Acid-base reactions, oxidation-reduction reactions, and the formation of complex ions are often used in a systematic way for either separating ions or for determining the presence of specific ions. When white precipitate formed after adding hydroxide, aluminum ion was determined to be present in the solution. However, nickel was determined to test positive when the solution changed to a hot pink color after adding a few drops of dimethylglyoxime reagent and iron was present when the solution was a reddish brown color when sodium hydroxide was added to the mixture at the very beginning of the experiment. Qualitative analysis determines that ions will undergo specific chemical reactions with certain reagents to yield observable products to detect the presence of specific ions in an aqueous solution where precipitation reactions play a major role. The qualitative analysis of ions in a mixture must add reagents that exploit the more general properties of ions to separate major groups of ions, separate major groups into subgroups with reactions that will distinguish less general properties, and add reagents that will specifically confirm the presence of individual

The concentration of Nickel(II) Sulfate with a mystery concentration is 0.216M. To find this, the equation y=1.465x-0.022 was used, where y is the molarity(M) of the solution and x is the absorbance. The relationship between the absorbance and concentration is direct because as the absorbance goes up so does the concentration. The concentration was found by first taking a solution with a known concentration and finding the absorbance of it when strategically mixed with water (in mL) to have a variety of known concentrations. With the variety of solutions made with the same solute, the absorbance was found using red light, because it’s the opposite of green, in a colorimeter. The data was then put in a graph to find the relationship. Then, using