Anesthetising Procedure

Throughout this experiment a number of random and procedural errors were apparent; these errors could have affected the results of the experiment in a number of ways. One experimental error that occurred during the experiment was that some flies became stuck in the food source and died. The main cause of this was the fact that the fly vials were stood up (vertically) before the flies had fully recovered from the anaesthetic. This could be overcome in future experiments by ensuring that the vials are kept horizontal until all of the flies fully recover from the anaesthetic.

7. Second week: Begin by observing the F1 flies. Immobilize and examine all the flies. Record their sex and phenotype. Place as many F1 flies in a fresh culture bottle. For this cross the females need not be virgins. Label the vial with the symbols, name, and date.

Two sepia virgin drosophila females and five, dumpy drosophila are put in a vial containing agar. Nap was used to anesthetize the flies. After a week f1 had laid eggs and f1 pupas were visible. Parents were removed from vial. A week later the drosophila f1 had developed and were analyzed and counted.

The next row(F2 generation), shows us the offspring numbers of a male and female from the F1 generation. Those numbers give us a ratio of 1:1:1:1 of 1 wild male to 1 yellow male to 1 female wild to 1 female yellow. This tells us that there is around the same amount offspring for of each type of fly in the F2 generation.

1a. The purpose of this experiment was to study the relationship of the distribution of stable flies to certain environments and to understand how and why it affects their survival. A stable fly or (Stomoxys Calcitrans) is a fly that sucks the blood of domestic animals and humans. Natural enemies of the stable fly include beetles and mites which devour eggs and larvae, small parasitic wasps known as (Spalangia) are predators to the stable fly, attacking fly pupae.

The substances used during the experiment have some hazardous drawbacks. Some hazards of working with ethanol are eye and skin irritation and organ toxicity (Ethanol). This compound is combustible. Some hazards of working with nitric acid are its toxicity and the irritations associated with inhalation, ingestion or contact with its vapors to the skin and eyes (NITRIC ACID). This compound is not combustible.

Introduction: Whenever people think of flies they think that they are just an insect that is nasty and they do not want to see or hear in their homes. Flies are neat in their own way and there are many varieties that are around us and that many of us do not even know of. They either have characteristics that distinguish them and they have their own gender as well. In addition, they multiply and have their own life cycle. According to the lab manual, the Drosophila melanogaster is a fruit fly that develops from four stages that are egg, larva, pupa and adult (Lab Manual 2017).

Also, a mutant (white eyes and without wings) male is crossed with a virgin wild type female (caramel bodies, red eyes and wings that are oval and folded). Both of these crosses are accomplished in an identical method. The mutant males are sedated utilizing an ether-based product known as fly nap. The vial containing the males is laid on its side. Fly nap is applied to a brush and the brush is inserted into the vial housing the mutant males. The brush is allowed to remain in the vial until all males are sedated. Once sedated the males are carefully removed on to a piece of card stock. At which point the males are carefully introduced to the females vial. The males and females allowed to remain for one week for mating. Week two the parental generation must now be removed to not contaminate the F1 generation. While the F1 generation is still in larva state the parental generation must be removed. This is accomplished by again adding the brush vial and allowing for the sedation of the parental generation. Once the parental generation has been removed and discarded the larva are allow to mature. At week three male and female F1 offspring are crossed to produce the F2 generation. This is again accomplished by sedating the F1 generation with fly nap and sorting males and females apart.

From the beginning of the project, the insects proved to be little buggers, no pun intended. Within the first week, the flies manifested as anesthesia resilient. Even after half an hour in the freezer or twenty minutes in the fly equivalent of a gas chamber, they were still buzzing around unaffected. We joked that the flies possessed the “I’m not dead yet” gene I had once read about. Maybe they had evolved over the years, because they simply would not die, let alone fall asleep long enough for me to examine them. Yet, ironically, as soon as it came time to breed my little winged friends, many of them mysteriously fell to their death.

Risk Prevention for Propanol: Keep away from flames, due to flammability. Wear safety glasses, to protect eyes. Wear gloves and apron to remove the factor of skin irritation. To avoid inhalation, ventilation is to be turned on. Also do not

Upon beginning the unknown lab, I was given the opportunity to choose an unknown broth tube. This tube contained our unknown microorganism and it was my job, based upon the testing methods learned throughout the semester to distinguish which microbe I had chosen. The goal at this point was to create a reserve plate and a working. This was completed by inoculating one TSA plate thoroughly in order to secure a lot of the growth. This plate became my reserve plate. The working plate was created by using the Streak Method that was introduced at the beginning of the semester. With this method, I would soon be able to visualize and record my microbial growth and colony characteristics. These plates were incubated for a week as that is the time span between classes.

1. Two clean vials were obtained and labeled “P – Generation: Sepia x WT.” Fly food mixture was placed inside the vial and water was added to it until it took on a dark blue color. If too much water was added, this step was redone as the food could possibly drown the flies inside.

The environment is exposed to risk of transportation, storage, disposal or destruction of cyclohexane. For example, spillage can cause fire, explosion and contamination of the surroundings (water, soil and air). However, the risk can be reduced by having a proper handling of the chemical substance.

In most kitchens the small flies that are found are Drosophila Melanogaster also called fruit fly. They are often brought in by ripened tomatoes, grapes and other perishable items from the garden. Drosophila melanogaster is a little two winged insect about 3mm long two winged insect that belongs to the Diptera, the order of the flies. The drosophila egg is about half a millimeter long. Fertilization takes about one day the embryo to develop and hatch into a worm-like larva. The larva eats and grows continuously, after two days as a third in star larva; it moults one more time to form an immobile pupa. Over the next four days, the body is completely remodeled to give the adult winged form, which then hatches from the pupal

Drosophila fly was used in this experiment to study Mendlian inheritance. As Drosophila has a short life cycle limited days at room temperature it also has a high reproductive rate. This makes research slightly earier when understanding