Animal Testing: Is it Necessary?
Animal testing has been used for scientific research for many centuries. As consumer product development and medical science advanced, the rate of animal testing exploded. The testing procedures often cause pain and stress for the animal and generally result in the death of the animal. Even though animal testing is necessary for advancements in medical care, it should be discontinued because effective alternative testing methods are available, and the new testing methods are more humane and provide more accurate results.
According to Dictonary.com, animal testing or animal experimentation is “the use of animals in research and development to test the safety and effectiveness of items such as foods and medicines.”
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Each year, there are more than 115 million research animals that endure pain, suffering and death. (Humane Society International, n.d.). In an effort to protect these animals, the federal government passed the Animal Welfare Act in 1966 (Animal Welfare Institute, n.d.). This law clarifies the expected minimum standards of animal care for research facilities. Unfortunately, the law does not apply to the majority of animals that are typically used for testing and research (American Anti-Vivisection Society, n.d.).
Advances in technology have led to the creation of several alternative testing methods. In vitro (test tube) methods and the use of human cell and tissue cultures are very important alternative methods. These testing methods are very effective for testing cosmetics, drugs and chemicals without endangering animals (Science Direct, n.d.).
Additional testing methods also offer advantages. Specialized computer models and software programs help design new medicines. Computer generated simulations can be used to predict if there are any undesirable or toxic side effects from a chemical or drug without needing to dissect an animal. Computer Aided Drug Design (CADD) is used to identify how a drug will react in the body and allows the researcher to make alterations to the drug (American Anti-Vivisection Society, n.d.). With this method, animal testing is the final step and is only used to obtain results to confirm the safety of the test
Approximately 26 million animals are used every year in the United States alone for research and commercial testing (“Background of the Issue” 1). For years, legislators have debated the pros and cons of animal testing, and laws were passed to attempt to fix the inhumane treatment of the cute, innocent testing subjects, the animals. Although the Animal Welfare Act (AWA) was revised numerous times, “the species most commonly used in experiments (mice, rats, birds, fish, reptiles, and amphibians) comprise 99% of all animals in laboratories” and are the animals that are specifically exempted from protection under the act (“Experiments on Animals” 2). A simple fix to animal cruelty during testing is to use alternative methods since human and animal bodies already vary greatly. For years, animal testing was the best option because there was no alternative to testing on a living, whole-body system; however, in the age of technology, there is no reason for millions of animals to be killed due to the severity of the testing. Therefore, animal testing should be banned because alternative methods provide more accurate results since human bodies are very different than animal bodies; furthermore, animal advocacy organizations should promote cruelty-free products more so customers know what to purchase and use.
Animal testing has contributed to many life-saving cures and treatments for humans. In the last century, nearly all the medical breakthroughs, for finding cures and treatment for diseases, were directly from animal testing. Animal testing first began in 129 A D with a Greek doctor named Galen. Galen’s main focus for conducting animal testing was to advance the understanding of anatomy, physiology, pathology, and pharmacology. Scientists have been doing animal testing for various reasons, from finding cures to diseases to testing makeup to see if the makeup is safe for human use. Animal testing has been good for humans, but not much for the animals being tested on. While many people do not agree with animal testing because of the high risks
Alternative testing methods now exist that can replace the need for animals. In vitro (in glass) testing, such as studying cell cultures in a petri dish, can produce more relevant results than animal testing because human cells can be used. [15] Microdosing, the administering of doses too small to cause adverse reactions, can be used in human volunteers, whose blood is then analyzed. Artificial human skin, such as the commercially available products EpiDerm and ThinCert, is made from sheets of human skin cells grown in test tubes or plastic wells and can produce more useful results than testing chemicals on animal skin. [15][50][51] Microfluidic chips ("organs on a chip"), which are lined with human cells and recreate the functions of human organs, are in advanced stages of development. Computer models, such as virtual reconstructions of human molecular structures, can predict the toxicity of substances without invasive experiments on animals. [50]
Animal testing is also known as animal experimentation is the act of testing drugs, chemicals, cosmetics and acid on animals such as; dogs, cats, rats, mice, ferrets, hamsters and monkeys for many purposes. Today I will be focusing on cosmetics. Cosmetic companies create makeup, lipstick, foundation, blush, highlighters etc. All of these products are tested on animals before use on humans and I believe that this is wrong and should be banned in all countries.
Animal testing has many advantages that have made a better society for people. Animal testing can be defined as, “the use of non-human animals in research and development projects, esp. for purposes of determining the safety of substances such as foods or drugs” (“Dictionary 1”). Animal testing is literally how it sounds to others. Animals are being tested on in order to try different products made by scientists in order to better the society.
Animal testing has helped us for years discover cures for sickness in humans and sometimes even animals. But as long as they test the animals humanely, animals can be tortured with pain from the testing. However many efforts are being made to reduce the testing to a minimum. Scientists know that without the tests they wouldn’t know how to check the safety of new drugs.
Many Americans are dreaming of the “perfect” long lasting and healthy life and some of that may be possible to achieve with animal testing. Animal testing is saving lives through breakthrough advancements in medicine. Plus, this is happening without causing extreme amounts of animal fatalities.If there was another way to test for medicine scientists would use it, but unfortunately, animal testing is the one and only
Drug testing is a process in which scientists test artificially constructed chemical complexes on animal test patients in hopes of discovering innovative and essential treatments. Unfortunately, in a majority of instances, life-saving medication realization is not the primary focus. Irrespective of the study and on what issue it is concentrated, scientists must have their research trials and procedural methods approved by an Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee before commencing in the testing.
Recently, the problem of animal testing has aroused people’s concern. Between twenty-five and fifty million animals are killed in American laboratories each year, and these animals include mice, rats, cats, monkeys and son on. Animal testing is one of the traditional approaches to studying how human and animal bodies work, and it is also frequently used to test medicine and chemicals. For example, a lot of medical students do animal testing to help them learn more about the medical science and finish their assignments. Since the technology has developed, there are all kinds of drugs and chemicals that are manufactured by humans, and animals are increasingly used to make sure the drugs and chemicals work, especially when a new disease is
Medical research involving testing on animals is a divisive subject, as is any ethical issue. The medical community at large advocates for this practice as a medical research necessity, seemingly without considering the available alternatives. If society wants to make a change, we must do it by removing the option of animal testing, so that the medical community will have be forced to consider and improve the numerous alternatives. Medical research involving animal testing should be forbidden by law because it is an unethical practice, there are alternatives available, and because the results obtained from animal testing are often irrelevant to humans.
Animal testing has been a controversial issue for decades as many claim that it is cruel and unnecessary while others insist that it is unavoidable in the process on ensuring human health. I support the former viewpoint for a variety of reasons.
How do you think all of the life saving medications were tested to see if they worked? The answer is animal testing. Animal testing is still necessary and should continue being used today. By using this method researchers are able to treat many diseases for not only humans but animals as well. To keep the process more humane, scientists follow strict guidelines for all the animals included in the Animal Welfare Act. Without animal testing many diseases wouldn’t have been cured and people and animals would still be dying of them.
There are better alternatives to animal testing such as vitro testing and computer models. In vitro testing, people use test mean gods with models based on human cell and tissue cultures. Havard's Wyss Institute has created human cells that grow in a state-of-the-art system. They are called "organs on chips" that can be used instead of animals in disease research, drug testing, and toxicity testing. There are also varieties of cell-based tests and tissue models that include products such as Cee Tox and EpiDerm. These are used to asses the safety of drugs, chemicals, cosmetics, and consumer products. Another better alternative to animal testing is using computer models. A wide range of computer models have been developed by researchers that
Animal testing has been around for hundreds of years, scientists back then would perform experiments on living animals to get a better understanding of anatomy and physiology. I believe animal testing has been a massively important thing to science and should be continued. Animal testing has gave us many cures and animals bodies functions and organs are similar to ours which give us efficiency.
Animal testing has long played a part in the science of testing, and it still plays a very important role in the medical world. Testing on animals in order to create a cure for AIDS is one thing, but testing on animals for human vanity is another. Animal testing is used to test the safety of a product. It has kept some very unsafe substances out of the cosmetic world. However, in this day in age, animal testing is not the only way to test the safety of a product. Animal testing in cosmetics has decreased over the years. However, it is still used by many companies in America. Animal testing is not only cruel, but it is also unnecessary in today’s advanced scientific world.