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Animals In The Trojan War

Decent Essays

As we discussed in class, the Iliad’s mortals lie between gods and animals in their thoughts and actions, and often struggle to overcome their baser instincts in the pursuit of god-like wisdom and power. However, the events of the Trojan War paradoxically suggest that in order to attain divine glory heroes must become increasingly bestial, slowly losing their humanity as the battle drags on. Homer makes the inhuman ferocity of his heroes obvious, most notably in frequent similes comparing various fighters to predators. These comparisons are more frequent and violent as the war escalates. During the peak of Agamemnon’s fury in battle, he is compared to “a lion [seizing] the innocent young of the running deer…and [ripping] out …show more content…

Ironically, the power bestowed upon heroes by the gods only seems to highlight the animalistic nature of fighting, as seen when Hektor, after Apollo and Zeus revive him, has “a slaver …show more content…

Although the Achaians and the Trojans place high value on honor earned in battle, multiple characters comment on the futility of war. While in combat, Menelaos angrily declares that the Trojans will never be satisfied with their accomplishments in war, directly contrasting it with more humane activities such as song and dance. Even Achilleus admits, “There [is] no gratitude given for fighting incessantly forever against your enemies…A man dies still if he has done nothing, as one who has done much” (9.316-318). However, the heroes’ recognition of the wasteful, unending nature of war is ultimately meaningless, as emotion drives them to fight even when logic would tell them to turn back. This is what separates the humans from the gods – gods have some control over their emotions, while humans, like animals, are completely beholden to them. This contrast is clearest in Book 16, where Zeus ultimately masters his own sadness over his son Sarpedon’s impending death and allows fate to take its course, while Patroklos, “in a huge blind fury” (16.685), forgets Achilleus’s orders and pursues the Trojans, leading to his demise. Thus, the human heroes lead a fundamentally tragic existence – they, like animals, are increasingly controlled by their instincts and emotions as the

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