The ankle joint is a rolling joint that gains most of its stability from osseous and ligamentous structures. Congruence of distal articular surface of the tibia, fibula, and trochlear surface of the talus aids in even distribution of weight-bearing forces on the joint. Medial ligamentous structures, interosseous membrane, tibiofibular, lateral collateral ligaments, and tendinous structures assume static stabilization role of the ankle. (10,11,22).
Although the ankle joint has significantly smaller surface area than the hip or knee, it withstands five times the body weight during stance in walking and up to 13 times the body weight during running (10,11, 17-19). Despite the increased weight-bearing force, the tibiotalar joint is more resistant to development of primary osteoarthritis (OA). However, it is more susceptible to post-traumatic arthritis based on many variables including gender, cartilage thickness, mechanical and metabolic factors. (10,11,19,20).
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Unlike the knee, the articular cartilage of the ankle is uniform in thickness, measuring from 1 to 1.7mm, and displays much higher compressive stiffness than hip or knee cartilage (10,11,19,20). Ankle cartilage may develop fissures attributable to wear; this conditions does not progress to OA as it wound in the knee or hip (10,11,19, 20). Ankle cartilage also does not decrease in tensile strength with age (10,11,19-21). Compared to the hip and knee, ankle chondrocytes have different biomechanical and biologic factors to resist degradation, especially inflammatory markers. Ankle chondrocytes have decreased sensitivity to Interleukin-1 (IL-1) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP), in particular MMP-8 that is usually elevated in OA (10,11,19, 20, 22). As a result, the ankle joint is unlikely to succumb to damage by inflammatory changes
A sprained ankle is an ankle injury that is quite common and it can cause a lot of discomfort. It is very important that this injury is treated early and properly. This article about treating a sprained ankle will show you how to quickly recover from the injury.
Individuals who have experienced ankle sprains account for a high percentage of clinician referrals and emergency room visits annually. Specifically, lateral ankle sprains, are one of the most common injuries athletes and individuals who are recreationally active sustain. According to Hale, Fergus, Axmacher, and Kiser (2014), “researchers have estimated that approximately 25,000 ankle sprains occur each
The typical ankle sprain arises with inversion of the plantar flexed foot during weight bearing. Maximum elongation and strain of the Anterior talo fibular ligament occurs when foot is in plantar flexion. Stressful inversion through in plantar flexion can increase the chance of stress and strain to the ligament external the yield point or even the final failure strain. The force may be adequate to damage the calcaeno fibular ligament. More frequently, damage to the anterior talo fibular ligament causes excessive dorsiflexion of the ankle . Constant inversion stress with the ankle neutral or dorsiflexion leads to failure strain of the calcaeno fibular ligament .19 The athelete or sports player who uses the ankle more, so his sole of the foot
northernorthotics.com.au - Bone and Ligament Injuries and the Ways That Northern Orthotics Can Help You
Gediminas T, Aleksandras K, Lankaite D. Isometric eversion and inversion testing after acute ankle sprains. Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine. 2014;57. doi:10.1016/j.rehab.2014.03.978.
One of the factors known to cause these abnormal movements in the joints of the lower extremity is the use of a prophylactic ankle brace. One doctor was able to discover that using an ankle brace during athletic performance did not increase the risk of injury. Our research showed that knee biomechanics known to be risk factors for ACL injury did not appear to be negatively impacted by wearing a lace-up ankle brace. (Aerni, Giselle, 2012). If athletes wear prophylactic ankle braces during athletic activities, then they are more likely to be subjected to knee injuries.
It is essential to take history of prior ankle injuries or instability and its mechanism of injury. InTech
If you play different sports or enjoy being active, you may suffer with one or more injuries, but professionals in orthopedic sports medicine can offer you preventative solutions. Unfortunately, accidents do happen, so you may become part of the 25,000 Americans who suffer with an ankle sprain each day. Using this guide, you will learn how to care for your sprained ankle to prevent further damage that can become more serious.
The knees are certainly vulnerable to injuries and damage. Why? This is simply because they have complex structures and are made up of bone, ligament, cartilage and tendons. Due to strenuous activities the knees usually undergo a lot of stress. This is the reason why we should take good care of them by taking the right preventive measures. The symptoms and the appropriate remedies for knee are among the important things we need to know. Bear in mind that surgery is the last option and knee pain can be addressed by various means.
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic joint disorder; knee is the joint that most frequently affected.1 During 1988 to 1994, among US adults, the prevalence of knee OA was 37.4%, and the prevalence was greater among women than men (42.1% vs 31.2%).2 Knee OA will impair lower extremity function, and influencing the quality of life. The most common complaints from the patients with knee OA are pain, daily functional decline, joint deformity, and gait deviation3,4. Symptomatic OA knee patients have shown that significantly less knee angular velocity and knee range of motion during gait. The normal joint load line can be altered with possible varus angulation of the knee, eventually affecting the spatiotemporal gait parameters.5 Changes that occur in temporospatial parameters during the progression of knee OA may correlate with a decrease in gait stabilization and inadequacy of daily activities. Gait velocities, stride length have been proved that are the most important parameters that associate with forward displacement in the knee OA patients.6 There are some difference gait deviations in patients with knee OA have already
The posterior and inferior transverse tibiofibular ligaments combine to provide 40-50 % of the resistance to diastatic stress. The AITFL contributes approximately 35 % of the resistance to this stress with the remaining stability (20-25%) coming from the interosseous membrane (IOM).21 The IOM also restrains posterolateral bowing of the fibula and transmits a small portion of the load from the tibia to the fibula during weight bearing. Both the anterior and posterior tibiofibular ligaments check excessive external rotation of the fibula. (15)
Distal tibial fractures have the second highest incidence of all tibial fractures after the middle third tibia8 These fractures are unique due to the fact that, the distal tibia is covered with relatively less muscular coverage and is relatively less vascular bone. Even lower velocity trauma can cause severe soft tissue injury and bony communition. These fractures are usually associated with lower fibular fractures which need to be fixed to get stable ankle mortis. Any mal union of these fractures can disrupt the biomechanics of the ankle & foot joints leading to the early arthritis of these joints. The fractures being very near to the ankle joint any form of fixation is vulnerable due to amplification of the bending moment of the short distal
It's challenging to prevent repeat ankle sprains - but it is possible. Unfortunately, with each occurrence it gets more likely it will happen again. The tendency increases because the passive stability structures, the ligaments, become loose. The key then is to optimize the other stability structures.
A sprained ankle, also known as a twisted ankle or rolled ankle, is a common injury where sprain occur on one or more ligaments of the ankle. Knowing the symptoms that can be experienced with a sprain is important in determining that the injury is not really a break in the bone.
The ankle joint is the most commonly injured part of the lower leg. It happens from an unusual twisting action