Annotated Bibliography

Annotated Bibliography Greg Neale, Greg. " Moctezuma: The Leader Who Lost an Empire." The Telegraph. Last modified September 21, 2009.

. . van, d. B. (2007). The association between conduct problems and the initiation and progression of marijuana use during adolescence: A genetic analysis across time. Behavior Genetics, 37(2), 314-25. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10519-006-9124-1 The researchers raise the question of how largely genetic factors play a role in the influence of marijuana use on the individual. Previous research suggests that there is not just one factor, but individuals are more likely to be environmentally influenced. The researchers challenge these findings and suggest that genetics has just as much influence on the individual. Using a longitudinal research design the authors investigated both genetic and environmental influences on the association between earlier conduct problems and the initiation and progression of marijuana use during adolescence. Bivariate genetic analyses were conducted to establish whether marijuana initiation and progression represented a single liability of risk or alternatively, whether these behaviors were more accurately represented as independent liabilities. These findings mark an important shift away from documenting cross-sectional associations between conduct problems and substance use, from which it is impossible to determine the direction of effects, toward the use

IRB is an administrative body established by UNT to protect the rights and welfare of human research subjects enrolled in research. They review the research if it is conducted using any UNT employees or students as subjects, using UNT’s non-public information to identify or contact human research subjects, and research conducted by UNT employee or student in connection with their UNT responsibilities or studies. The IRB has the right to approve or disapprove all the modifications needed for research. It reviews all IRB applications and approves the research if criteria are met. IRB will review the applications for completeness, minimizing risks to subjects, ensuring voluntary participation, verifying the selection of subjects is equitable,

1. Seaton, S.C., Elliott, K.T., Cuff, L.E., Laniohan, N.S., Patel, P.R., and Neidle, E.L. 2012.   "Genome‐wide selection for increased copy number in Acinetobacter baylyi ADP1: locus and context‐dependent variation in gene amplification." Molecular microbiology. 83(3): 520-535.

Mytton, O. T., Clarke, D., & Rayner, M. (2012). Taxing unhealthy food and drinks to improve

A Chakra & Kundalini Workbook, by Dr. Jonn Mumford (Swami Anadakapila Sarawati) 4th Edition 2001 Llewellyn Publications.

The researchers of this study hypothesize that there is in fact a strong relationship between AUDs and childhood maltreatment in emerging adults. They speculate this because alcohol is used as a coping method for many with childhood abuse, and this particular age group is more prone to psychological disorders since they are still developing and maturing. Also this study wanted to find how likely people living with this disorder in this age group, would seek treatment.

Engkent, Lucia. Skill Set: Strategies for Reading and Writing, 2nd ed., Oxford, 2011 ISBN 978-0-19-544169-7

Alcohol abuse was one of the leading things when it came to substance abuse. Early-childhood trauma is strongly associated with developing mental health problems, including alcohol dependence, later in life. (source 3). Children exposed to severe adversity early in life are at increased risk of subsequently developing mental health problems, including alcohol dependence. (source 3). Alcohol is one of those things that you turn to when you want to be free of all of your problems and it also gives one leverage to do certain things they couldn’t or wouldn’t do if they weren’t under the influence. “ Therefore, one can define trauma as an event or series of events that renders the child helpless and breaks though ordinary coping strategies, or both”

The relationship between trauma and the possibility of addiction has been discussed often in research. In a study of alcohol dependency, Johnson (2010) found that women who have a dependency on alcohol also show a higher prevalence of trauma in their childhood. In this same study, Johnson (2010) also concluded that alcohol dependent men and women experienced almost the same amount of trauma overtime. In a surprising discovery, Johnson (2010) also found that women who were not dependent on cocaine, but were dependent on alcohol had a higher prevalence of trauma in their childhood than all men in the study and alcohol dependent women addicted to cocaine. Murphy et al. (2013) tested

It was found that the emotional stress of parental drinking on children decreases when the parents stop drinking. Although the children of relapsed alcoholic parents reported higher levels of anxiety and depression, emotional functioning in these children was similar among

Mobile has revolutionized the education sector, if you get an iPod for free how will it? But first you have need to learn how to use it. Many Institutes in America have introduced programs for students that use these electronic gadgets for the purpose of learning which according to the author is called M-learning. Author states many students are now using these smartphones and other PDA’s containing different applications which are easily accessed to the Web-based services in different area of education like geology etc. Many Teachers and instructors have become familiar of it, so they are improvising such modules that

For adolescents who are struggling with stress and the reminders of a traumatic event, the negative effects or consequences of one disorder can compound the problems of another. Exposure to traumatic life experiences such as physical abuse, sexual assault, victimization and psychological problems such as Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) have been known to significantly increase adolescent substance abuse. This proposal will attempt to evaluate the exposure of these traumatic life experiences and show how its negative effects can be predictors of continued or increase adolescent substance abuse.

Alcohol abuse is a wide spread, important issue. Almost 88,000 people die from alcohol-related causes annually. This makes alcohol the fourth leading cause of preventable death in the U.S. Drinking and driving caused 9,967 deaths in 2014. In 2014, 24.7% of people over the age of 18 admitted that they had binge drank in the past month. All ages have this problem, even underage people who commit a crime by drinking. In 2014, it was estimated that 1.3 million 12-20 year olds were heavy drinkers and the majority of them were young boys. This activity had detrimental effects on family. In 2012, 10% of U.S. children lived with a parent who suffered from alcohol abuse (Alcohol Facts and Statistics). This specific reason is why this topic is so

The world health organization estimates that “2 billion people worldwide consume alcohol” (Comer, pg. 295). Alcohol plays a role in 1/3 of all suicides, homicides, rapes, assaults and accidental deaths in the united states” (Comer, pg. 298). According to a British crime survey conducted in 2009-2010, approximately “986,000 violent incidences were the result of an inebriated offender” (Jayne & Valentine, pg. 69). A study conducted in “Australia of alcohol related child abuse looked at 29,455 children between the years of 2001-2005” (Laslett, Room, Dietze, & Ferris, pg 1786). This study concluded “that ¼ of children were maltreated when the parent was a recurring alcohol abuser” (Laslett, Room, Dietze, & Ferris, pg 1786). The key finding is that children who are in alcohol and drug abuse homes should be considered key risk factors that increase and child risk of abuse and neglect” (Laslett, Room, Dietze, & Ferris, pg 1786).