Annotated Bibliography On Crime And Justice

In society, things are not as they seem at times. The criminal justice system was created to help deter crime and to punish those who break the law. Laws are put in place to be fair to all citizens. Your economic situation, gender, race should not become a factor for you to be given “due process”. Years have come and gone and the crime rates increases and decreases with the years. There have been many senseless killings and everyone has their point of view as to the causes. The focal point of this report will be the findings from the readings of, “The rich get richer and the poor get prison by Jeffery Reimer and Paul Livingston”. I will discuss the causes of the rise and fall of the many different types of crimes ; why the rise and fall of crime rates; what contribution has the criminal justice and or police system has contributed whether positive or negative; and lastly discuss which economic group ends up in prison and why.

The New South Wale’s criminal justice system aims to meet the needs of its society through its role in maintaining fairness, justice and equality. However, many flaws and faults still exist in the system that does not always result in the most beneficial outcome for the whole community. From the inappropriate use of a jury in the criminal trial process, the misuse of powers from law enforcement agencies such as the police and the unfair bail conditions for young offenders, it can be seen that the criminal justice system is failing to meet the needs of its community by not balancing the protection of the community with the protection of freedom and rights of individuals. These issues need to be recognised and amended in order to ensure that

According to Herbert Packer (1968), there are two models of Criminal Justice System, the crime control model and the due process model. The penal system fluctuates between these two extremes. They are ideal types and the tension between them is obvious when we see the conflict and disharmony that characterizes the criminal justice system. The author says that crime control model believes that the most important is the repression of crime and asserting victims’ rights, so the police powers are spread out. On the other hand the due process model considers the defendants’ rights in a first place, so it’s very important to guarantee them during the justice process.

According to Quotes About Injustice (n.d.), “In the beginning there was only a small amount of injustice abroad in the world, but everyone who came afterwards added their portion, always thinking it was very small and unimportant, and look where we have ended up today” (Quotes About Injustice, n.d.). In this paper I will be talking about the injustices in the criminal justice system and the criminal justice procedures. Injustices in the Criminal Justice System According to Meadows (2001, pg.

The legitimacy of the criminal justice system is based largely upon both its effectiveness and its fairness. Its effectiveness is judged by its ability to investigate and detect crime, identify offenders and mete out the appropriate sanctions to those who have been convicted of offences. Its fairness is judged by its thoroughness and the efforts it makes to redress the resource imbalance between the accused and the state at the investigatory, pre-trial, trial and appellate stages. The system does this by providing evidentiary protection and effective legal representation at all points.

The criminal justice system consists of models and theories that often contradict one another. Of these models are the crime control model, the due process, model, the consensus model and the conflict model. In this paper these models are evaluated and defined, as well as each entity in the criminal justice systems role within each model. Policing, corrections and the court system all subscribe to each model in some way and in a hurried manner in cases that dictate such a response. As described by Erik Luna in the Models of Criminal Procedure, the following statement summarizes the aforementioned most appropriately.

One could view the criminal justice system as an integral part of society, portraying reflexively through consciousness and commentary on itself through the legislation of statutory law and exercising it through sentencing; removing arbitration within society by establishing labels and boundaries of crime and criminality. The criminal justice system is a multi-faceted institution aspiring to develop a platform whereby: there is equality before the law, balancing the protection of the community, to deter and prevent occurrence of crime, reform and rehabilitate transgressors and criminals, and reparation and restitution between offender and victim (White and Perrone 2015: 487). These principles are appraised by ‘advisory bodies’ in order to disseminate

This first week the assignment was to Define crime, its relationship to the law, and the two most common models of how society determines which acts are criminal, Describe the government structure as it applies to the criminal justice system, Identify choice theories and the their assumptions in regards to crime, Describe the components of the criminal justice system and the criminal justice process, Identify the goals of the criminal justice system.

Ideally, the police help society to prevent crime and maintain the order and peace within communities). The courts take care of handling the mass amounts of cases that are filed daily, and decide on the sentencing of individuals. They determine the best course of action for offenders and keeping the public safe. Meanwhile, the corrections agency is tasked with carrying out these sentences. Each agency cannot function without the other, making each agency necessary for the criminal justice system to work.

Most people don’t know about the three major components of the criminal justice system, but, in this paper the reader will know what they are. The reader will also read about how the three components interrelate to one another, and also how the conflict one another. The

Criminology as a field studies a wide range of concepts that all have far-reaching and substantial impacts on the way that our society functions. One of the furthest reaching realities, in terms of its social, economic and political impacts, that criminology studies is sentencing. The research on sentencing ranges from its history, to the effects it has on the offender’s family and community. Sentencing length and severity, which not only have a large effect, but also are affected by many things has been and continues to be a topic of great debate and as a result research. Due to the observation that there are large disparities in sentencing length and severity discussions were started which brought into question the fairness

The purpose of this study is to obtain a better understanding of how and why criminal laws, and the treatment of criminal

Although rationality does not always exist, much of the functioning of criminal justice agencies is unplanned, poorly coordinated, and unregulated. Existing systems include some components that are very ancient, additionally each of the institutions have their own set of goals and priorities that sometimes conflict with those of other institutions, or with the goals and priorities of the system as a whole. Furthermore, each of these institutions have substantial unregulated discretion in making particular decisions such as the victim's decision to report a crime (Frase & Weidner).

The justice system is a set of institutions, agencies, and process that have been established by the government to control crime and impose penalties on persons violating the laws. Justice systems vary across the many jurisdictions in the world; this paper is a critical analysis and comparison of the judicial organization of America against another jurisdiction with an effective legal system. The parameters around which the comparison will be centered constitute factors like substantive and procedural law, judicial review, policing systems and international police corporation. Norway will be the jurisdiction in comparison, the purpose of the benchmarks provided in this comparison is to not to serve as policy but to offer a little guidance on the concept of the justice system, how it operates and its ' procedures. It serves as a practical framework, which aims to develop a good comprehension and understanding of judicial systems and provide scholars and students alike with a structure around which they can evaluate a system 's efficiency and conduct research.

It is through the Criminal Justice System’s close collaborations with like-minded agencies such as the Police, Prison and Courts Services, that the public’s concerns and worries are resolved, in order to bring about justice in our communities (Cavadino and Dignan, 2007 as cited in Fox, 2014). With that in mind and out of the way, this essay will aim to explore some of the strengths and weaknesses, which are prominent within the Criminal Justice System. To do this successfully, the Police and the Courts Service will be the key agencies that will be explored in relation to the key Models that shape the whole Criminal Justice System. These Models were founded by Herbert L. Packer (1968) and Michael King (1981).