Annotated Bibliography On Criminal Justice System

In the beginning of chapter one, the Supreme Court ruled in the case Florida v. J.L, a police officer may not search individuals based merely on an anonymous tip. The anonymous tip received was that a black man standing at a bus stop was carrying a concealed firearm. Out of the three black men at the bus stop, they searched the man wearing the plaid shirt, as described in the tip. Although public safety issues were recognized, the conviction was overturned. This unlawful search violated the Fourth Amendment of the Constitution, which states, in simpler terms, that the police cannot search an individual or take their property without probable cause.

The Criminal Justice system, created by governments in order to make sure that no laws are being violated and to penalize individuals that violate the laws. In the United States there are many criminal justice systems. Each system works based on their jurisdiction. For example; city, county, federal or state. Every jurisdiction is different. They all have different ways of regulating certain processes. They also have their own laws. In the criminal justice system there are two main systems; state and federal. These two systems consists of five parts; corrections, courts, prosecution, law enforcement, and defense attorneys. Each of these five parts hold an extremely important role. Prosecutions consist of prosecutors who are lawyers the represent

There are those who would argue that undercover policing is unethical, however it is a central part of intelligence led policing. Undercover policing, sometimes referred to as covert policing is where officers go undercover, often as criminals in order to gain intel, evidence, get convictions and make arrest. However many would argue that this practice is unethical because it requires police officers to lie and engage in criminal activity. This paper will not take a stance on whether or not the practice of covert policing is ethical, but will instead examine the arguments and problems surrounding undercover policing. Which include; unchecked power, the use of deceit, authorized criminality, infringement of privacy rights, psychological stress placed on officers and its overall effectiveness.

Over the years, the nature of policing has changed and developed drastically. Their role not only entails crime fighting and emergency response, but also social enforcement and social peacekeeping. Bound by a code of ethics, this highly demanding role asks police to remain professional in their dealings with society, and ensure they uphold the law impartially and fairly. When it comes to enforcing the law, it is important to look at the methods and approaches taken by police in order to combat crime, and whether or not they meet current ethical standards. Although this may be the case, it is also important to acknowledge that aspects of police culture such as loyalty, deception and protection of colleagues will ultimately shape the nature of approach to resolving crime, gaining helpful information and protecting fellow officers. Police officers are granted large amounts of discretion within their roles, however, when officers deliberately abuse this amount of discretion and become display misconduct, it becomes challenging to limit discretionary authority of police officers because of the frequent circumstances they encounter where deception may provide highly constructive outcomes. Throughout this essay, methods used by police officers including entrapment, wiretapping and planting of evidence will be assessed for their strengths and weaknesses. Furthermore, the ethical standards of these methods and approaches will be assessed as to whether or not they prove as ethically

Stories of presumed police misconduct have been surfacing in America in the last couple of years, sparking many debates and speculations on the true causes of these situations. Many blame the officers in these encounters, forcing them to face repercussions for crimes they did not commit. Alternatively, in some situations, the officer is guilty, but public outcries in favor of the police protect them from any consequences. Regardless of the situation, there is a great bias concerning law enforcement in this country. Recently, people have begun advocating for body cameras on police officers to provide the public with accurate records of all police encounters so that no false claims could be made against the officers. Body cameras on policemen should be necessary for the safety and comfort of our citizens, as well as for our officers, for regaining the public’s trust, and for maintaining an honest law enforcement system.

In addition, to the assessed challenges already listed, is the concern with potential ethical issues that surround intelligence-led policing. A valid argument is that the predictive nature of intelligence-led policing mirrors an awful lot of the police profiling aspect and may lead to the violations of civil liberties. As new technology is developed and utilized it is important to discuss the ethical implications of utilizing

This research project is an analysis of six scenarios. The scenarios are as follows: History and rolls of law enforcement in society, Levels of jurisdiction, Distinction among the multiple functions of Law enforcement agencies, Analysis of Historical events that have shaped modern policing practices, Ethical and professional behavior in the workplace, and Evaluation of how knowledge, skills, and attitude learned in this course apply to your chosen career. There will also be a summary of reactions on Ethical and professional behavior in the work place. Included in the second section, there will be six scenarios. The responses will incorporate knowledge of

The facts raise questions about the effectiveness of police in the society. This is more because, allegations of police misconduct rarely result in convictions. It is, therefore, vital to look at the issue and to find answers to the following questions

The police officials whom Police Executive Research Forum (PERF) asked mentioned numerous ways in which body-worn cameras have assisted their agencies toughen liability and transparency. These officials said that, by furnishing a video record of police activity, body-worn cameras have made their jobs more transparent to the public and have helped decide questions following a meeting between officers and the public. These officials also believed that body-worn cameras are helping to avoid complications from arising in the first place

“In the modern era, law enforcement agencies necessarily engage in a range of intelligence-related activities associated with their broad crime control and public safety mission,” (Logan 2015). Police officers receive extensive training in interview techniques and investigations that make them natural

A current topic of debate in the field crime enforcement is the use of officer mounted body cams. There are multiple arguments for and against the implementation of this type of technology which makes the authorization for use a tough decision for officials. Proponents of the use of bodycams argue that if both the officer and suspects know that their actions are being recorded, then they will control their behavior as to not incriminate themselves. On the other side, opponents argue that police officers may be hesitant to take the necessary steps in some cases for fear of being reprimanded for their actions.

There has surfaced in America today a problem that surprises many people, dishonesty. Many people cannot be trusted to tell the authorities of their activities, and they lie in court under oath. This has become a serious problem, and our police force has found a unique way to stop it. Body worn cameras for police officers on duty are that proposed solution. This technology makes it easier to determine what happened in a particular situation. Body worn police cameras help people to be more honest, have better behavior patterns, as well as keeping the officers who wear them accountable.

    Should the U.S. Judical branch take action to prevent wrongful convictions and improve police investigations, or should the government spend its time and resources on other things?

Crime may simply be referred to as an offense against the state or against morality and is punishable by law, while justice is the fairness practiced during judgment of cases usually in instances where crime has taken place. Crime and justice go hand in hand as commonly evident in a case whereby a criminal is apprehended and taken to a court of law, then a ruling of justice practiced on the case and fairness used in passing of judgments. In most governments globally, crime and justice is managed by a criminal and justice department and typically, various departments are involved. These departments may primarily include; the police, the prosecution department, the law department, the correctional

This paper will describe police power and police authority. I will also talk about police discretion as for as whom gets locked up and who is allowed to go free. This paper will discuss the different use of police force. In this paper I will also talk about police attitude, police misconduct, and physical abuse among police officers.