Annotated Bibliography On Cryptography And Presence Of Potential Adversaries Essay

Encryption technique is the translation of data into a secret code that will prevent hackers or identity thieves from being able to break or read the data that is sent across the network.

Change Cipher Spec: - This protocol is used to change the keying material used for encryption between the client and server. Keying material is raw data that is used to create keys for cryptographic use. The Change Cipher Spec sub-protocol consists of a single message to tell other party in the SSL/TLS session, who is also known is the peer that the sender wants to change to a new set of keys.

When a fellow general received the message, he would wrap the paper around his corresponding scytale to decipher the message (Tyson 2014). Since the advent of computers though, encryption has become increasing important and relies almost solely on cryptographic means to secure information. When speaking about encryption today, it refers more to the process rather than the mathematical formulas used to scramble data. The basic idea behind encrypting a computer message is such that it is scrambled with a sequence of random bits, known as a key, and only parties with the corresponding key can transpose it back into a comprehensible format. These keys are created via a cipher, otherwise known as an algorithm. When a user sends a message, known as the plaintext, across a network, the computer applies an algorithm to the information to encode it, resulting in a ciphertext (Encryption Basics 2014). This method can be best summarized visually:

Most encrypted protocols include a hashing algorithm to ensure no data was altered in transit. This can also help defeat “Man in the Middle” attacks, because by decrypting and re-crypting data, the attacker will alter the signature even if they don’t change any of the key data.

Encryption is the conversion of electronic data into another form, called cipher text, which cannot be easily understood by anyone except authorized parties. The primary purpose of encryption is to protect the confidentiality of digital data stored on computer systems or transmitted via the Internet or other computer networks. Modern encryption algorithms play

Data, often referred to as plaintext, is encrypted using an encryption algorithm and an encryption key. This process generates ciphertext that can only be viewed in its original form if decrypted with the correct key. Decryption is simply the inverse of encryption, following the same steps but reversing the order in which the keys are applied (Rouse, 2014).

The key can be changes and unique to each sender and receiver. ("Symmetric encryption,”) states, “There are two types of symmetric algorithms. Stream algorithms (Stream ciphers) and Block algorithms (Block ciphers).” Stream ciphers only encrypt one bit at a time. This can make this cipher faster than block ciphers, but stream ciphers have a security gap that can be harmful for specific types of attacks. These specific attacks can cause information to be compromised. Block ciphers encrypts information in blocks instead of doing it bit by bit. The size of the blocks is usually 64 bits. Triple DES and AES are the most popular symmetric algorithms that use block ciphers.

M2 – Explain the operation and use of encryption technique in ensuring security of transmitted information

Encyption takes data and transforms it into unreadable jargon until a key is used to unlock or decrypt the data back to its original form. Due to its near infallibility, encryption is one the most best ways to secure data (Williams & Sawyer, 2015).

In the encryption process, the key management is the important factor to shows the how the data is encrypted. The symmetric algorithm uses a variable key length which is longer. So, the key management is a huge aspect in encryption processing for control operation of the cipher.

Type of operations used for transforming plaintext to cipher text. All encryption algorithms are based on two general principles. Those are substitution, in which each element in the plain text is mapped into another element and transposition in which elements in the plaintext are rearranged. The fundamental requirement is that no information be lost. Most systems referred to as product systems, involved multiple stages of substitution and transposition [2].

VPN is a private network that uses a public network, usually internet, to connect remote sites or users together. It uses virtual connections routed through the Internet from the business's private network to the remote site or employee. VPN is used mostly by the employees who prefer to telecommute or work away from the office. By implementing VPN, the businesses make sure the data is encrypted and can’t be read by the ones who try to intercept the data. The computers at each end of the tunnel encrypt the data entering the tunnel and decrypt it at the other end. An encryption key determines what computations to perform on data in order to encrypt or decrypt it, however, a VPN needs more than just a pair of keys to apply encryption. Hence, a

Encryption is a method of programming data for security so that it appears to be random data. Only the people sending and receiving the information have the key to decrypt the message, which will put it back into its original form making it readable. The only people with the key are the people who are intended to read the message. Not many people know what encryption is. I took a survey of twenty students and asked two questions. The first question I asked was do you know what encryption means and the second question I asked was have you ever heard of anybody using encryption. This is a chart of the information I received:

Asymmetric key system (or asymmetric algorithm; public key): A cryptographic system that uses two separate keys: one key to encrypt and a different key to decrypt information. These keys are known as public and private

Encryption is a method of converting plain text to cipher text using some base keys and