Annotated Bibliography On Hierarchical Database

Data objects can model relational data or advanced data types such as graphics, movies, and audio. Smalltalk, C++, Java, and others are objects used in object-oriented data. The object-relational is a combination of relational and object-oriented databases. Traditional and advanced data types can be used to construct database management systems. These systems can connect to a company’s website and update records as needed. Database Approach The main purpose of a database is data storage that can be stored and retrieved when needed. A popular common language called structured query language (SQL) is used to store and retrieve data in relational database. This language enables the systems to run a report or modify data or remove the data from the database. A database management system (DBMS) controls all aspects of a database, this is not limited to the creation, maintenance, and use of database. The DBMS ensures proper applications are able to access the database. An important purpose of a DBMS is to maintain the data definitions (data dictionary) for all the data elements in the database. It also enforces data integrity and security measures. Data Models Data models provide a contextual framework and graphical representation that aid in the definition of data elements. In a relational database, the data model lays the foundation for the database and identifies important entities,

A Hierarchical structure is a term used to organise a business into different categories of employees that contain multiple types of groups, which would be typically in a chain of commands that is usually in a pyramid that contains a large number of employees, so the lower part of the pyramid having the responsibility of a small role, meanwhile the upper part of the pyramid consists of roles that carry a big responsibility. However, there is one rank that is one

Be sure to provide a detailed explanation of relational databases along with their associated business advantages.

Select a database system that you encounter at work or with which you are familiar.

Hierarchical database have data in a tree like structure with a parent to child relationship (one-to-many). The parent could have many children but the children have only one parent. All the attributes of the data is in a list under one entity type.

This must be in your own words and not copied and pasted from the original source. Include the purpose of the database and the subject matter it covers. This may be four or five sentences; and

This step includes the task of describing a subset of data for each type of user based on his/her privileges and requirements. This is done to ensure that no additional information is given to the user. Views provide a level of abstraction to the database.

The world has become a very complex place. From the earliest days of computers, storing and manipulating the data have been a major application focus. There has been enormous growth in the computer and database applications over the past two decades. Database is a group of data which consists of tables, schema, reports and views. Database may be of any size and complexity. For example, a salesperson may maintain a small database of customer contacts which consists of few megabytes in his or her computer. A large

Course Description This course covers database concepts. Topics include data analysis, the principal data models with emphasis on the relational model, entity-relationship diagrams, database design, normalization, and database administration. Policies Faculty and students will be held responsible for understanding and adhering to all policies contained within the following two documents: • • University policies: You must be logged into the student website to view this document. Instructor policies: This

Relational database contains data records that do not have a preset of relationships, permitting the user to define his or her relationship when accessing the data. Since users have much control over the data being accessed, relational databases can perform a variety of tasks. Such as defining the database; querying the database; adding, editing, and deleting data from the database; modifying the structure of the database; securing data from public access; communicating within the network; and exporting and importing data (Murthy, 2008).

Since 1960 and beyond the need for an efficient data management and retrieval of data has always been an issue due to the growing need in business and academia. To resolve these issues a number of databases models have been created. Relational databases allow data storage, retrieval and manipulation using a standard Structured Query Language (SQL). Until now, relational databases were an optimal enterprise storage choice. However, with an increase in growth of stored and analyzed data, relational databases have displayed a variety of limitations. The limitations of scalability, storage and efficiency of queries due to the large volumes of data [1] [2].

Schemas could be hierarchical and each one can be further broken down into a list of other

The database used should be open and industry standard to allow easy integration with other applications and easy movement of data in the future. The database

The hierarchical typical structure has levels which shows one –to – many also relationship between a parent and children divisions. The main key this models which following by each parent can have many children as well each child has simply one parent.

Structured Query Language, commonly referred to as SQL, is a programming language that is used to communicate with and handle databases. In order to maximize the outputs that they get from the huge amount of data collected, many companies and establishments employ IT professionals well-versed in SQL. SQL programs are adopted and used by companies in order to access and influence the data and information that is maintained in their databases, as well as for generating and modifying new tables.