Annotated Bibliography On Plastic Surgery

In “The Pitfalls of Plastic Surgery,” by Camille Paglia, she argues that American surgeons are being too narrow minded with their work because they use the same models as a representation of what their clients can look like. She suggests that getting plastic surgery has become such a normal thing in America and that society pushes women to get work done in order to get that “perfect” look. Paglia also points out that plastic surgery has “leveled the playing field” with wives and their husbands mistresses (694). Also, she believes that plastic surgery is not only critical in keeping a job, but also in keeping a relationship. Although I agree with some of Paglia’s arguments, I view some of the issues differently such as, needing plastic surgery to keep a marriage, that plastic surgery is for non intellectuals, that Hollywood’s environment encourages women to change their looks, and that nothing good can come out of plastic surgery.

Furthermore, cosmetic surgery promotes an unhealthy body image. Often the media omits the negative aspects of cosmetic surgery and only shows the best results and reviews. Consequently, deceiving the viewers into believing that cosmetic surgery has no unsatisfactory results. Plastic surgeon Leo denotes, “Many times, patients come to me quoting glowing reviews they have read on blogs, not realizing that these posts may be sponsored and may not highlight all the risks involved in a medical surgery.” (Straits Times). Teens especially if they have low self-esteem can easily be influenced by these deceptive advertisements. These false advertisements create false perceptions, especially if

Can we really expect teenagers to make good decisions at this age? Adolescents have enough on their plate with grades, part-time jobs, and college applications. Bullying is one thing no one should go through, especially at this age, but there are ways to stop it. In Source A, one in two teenager who are as young as thirteen want plastic surgery to change their appearances, but I do not believe that plastic surgery is the best solution for bullying. If teens are allowed to receive plastic surgery, they will end up either obsessed or

Cosmetic surgery is becoming the most popular category of surgery, for both men and women. According to Alexander Edmonds “Beauty is becoming a more visible part of medicine, and health risks may become less visible.” Since only one-third of surgeries

Thesis: Plastic Surgery has been a problem in American society. People shouldn’t feel ashamed of their body, their looks, or be insecure about any body part because everyone is beautiful in their own way. Problems of plastic surgery include expenses, health issues, and medical malpractice.

Plastic surgery began as bodily reconstruction for wounded soldiers in World War I. The surgery developed in stages, starting with correcting traumatic injuries and deformed facial features. The more cosmetic focus began in the 1970’s, with creating “perfected” facial features and making aesthetically pleasing body parts. Cosmetic surgery boomed in the 1990’s, with 1.2 million procedures performed in the United States alone (plasticsurgery.org). The swiftness in which these procedures have infiltrated society has lead to a change in our view of the value of the body. The modern ease and accessibility of cosmetic surgery has intensified the need for external beauty and has influenced the loss of personal identity.

Next, the evolution of cosmetic surgery overtime has lead to present day uses. In the past, cosmetic surgery was used to help soldiers deformed by war. It was a method used to restore the veteran’s features, in order for them to feel comfortable again. The surgery was purely done to lessen the violent effects of trench warfare. However, overtime, the general public gained an interest in cosmetic surgery, ranging from a positive to a negative approach. This was partly due to increase in different ethnic backgrounds, which ultimately lead to “an emphasis on self -representation and made people feel they had to look a certain way to be ‘perfect’,”(Lieberman, 1998). This integration of different cultures created a drive towards looking one’s best, which caused the idea of cosmetic surgery to stray from a medical/restorative approach, to an opportunity for transformation.

Plastic surgery is not a new field of medicine. Traditionally, plastic surgery dealt with fixing abnormalities of the body, but recently people are enjoying the luxury of plastic surgery simply because they are not happy with their appearance. People make appointments with plastic surgeons for procedures such as rhinoplasty, liposuction, tummy tucks, face lifts, and most commonly breast augmentation. These people look forward to desired results from such procedures without considering the risks. Many risks accompany plastic surgery, but they are rarely discussed in the media. Death is even a possible conclusion of the surgery. Why would people subject themselves to such conditions as having

Chapter 1 titled Social Bodies: Tightening the Bonds of Beauty provides an overview of social bodies and the nature of masculine and feminine standards society has adopted through changing culture and social norms. It connects the change of cultural ideologies and social institutions to directly changing body standards and customs in order to prove why the ideals of beauty have changed causing higher rates of cosmetic procedures. Partially due to image socialization, tighter bonds of beauty for women than men are reflected in the statistics reported by the ABPS. Lastly, this chapter discusses the definition of cosmetic surgery for the purpose of clarifying what the book is discussing later on.

In recent years plastic surgery is something that has become a very popular trend, and also where many young people are even lining up for it. Plastic surgery is to reconstruct or repair parts of the body, especially by the transfer of tissue it can be used for treatment of injury or cosmetic reasons. It enhances one’s physical appearance, allowing him or her to achieve a look he or she desires. For example, a women’s buttocks can be enlarged or reduced, or a nose can be straightened or lifted. Many people find themselves changing their bodies and wondering if perfecting their appearance would make life a bit more perfect. Plastic surgery can enhance someone’s level of confidence and boost their self-esteem, but it is something that can have very serious consequences people need to be aware of.

Plastic Surgery has become a worldwide epidemic in today’s world. The number of plastic surgeries continues to increase since 2010. In today’s day and age, plastic surgery is one of the most popular and requested procedures. Females are opting to have plastic surgery because they dislike their body image. Society has impacted many people by brain washing them to believe that a person’s body has to be perfect. In order for one to be considered beautiful, television and media influence people’s perceptions of beauty.

Plastic Surgery is a controversial topic nowadays. Some men and women believe that plastic surgery is a great chance to have finally the body, face, and even romantic life always dreamed about. In the U.S. the plastic surgery television shows have made these ideas more popular and common than ever. Some men and women have other reasons for want plastic surgery Such as people who want plastic surgery have disfigurements to the face or body because of birth defects or genetic problems. The rise in plastic surgery in U.S. is a bad sign for future. Plastic surgery is not always a good thing for everyone. Cosmetic surgery should be prohibited for teenagers and people having psychological problems.

We live in a society where people worship beauty. As far as recorded history people have gone to extremes to seek beauty. From foot binding in China to wearing strangulating corsets in Victorian era. People from different race and culture have experimented in every way possible way to look beautiful prior to this popular age of plastic surgery. It’s very common to hear people complain about their appearance, whether it’s their crocked nose, thin lips or flat chest. Remarkably, plastic surgery has been the solution for people who complain. Most people tend to think of plastic surgery as only cosmetic surgery and not as reconstructive surgeries. Plastic surgeries seems to be an invention of modern technology; however its roots lie in the ancient history of India. An Indian surgeon contributed towards the establishment of plastic surgery, it was intended to correct physical deformities acquired during birth, accident, disease or war. These surgeries did not gain the popularity it has today until the First World War. It was during the late 60’s, when doctors started realizing the endless possibilities of plastic surgeries. With the help of this surgery a trained surgeon can replace an amputate body part, remove skin cancer, get rid of unattractive scars and visible birthmarks or rescaling a nose or enhance body parts. Today more and more people from different age groups opt for plastic surgeries to obtain dramatic physical changes. These surgeries were envisioned to restore

To sum up, plastic surgery is aimed to make humanity look better. Thousands of people have these operations performed each year. However,

Messages within the media indirectly contribute to the rising rate of plastic surgery. Desires to meet the idealisms of media representations are often so consuming that people demand plastic surgery despite all of its associated risks and controversies. To compensate for this up and coming surgical trend, technology has developed more reasonable and attainable options for the public. Millions of operations are now able to be performed on those wishing to fulfill specific gratifcations toward their own personal appearance and/or self-esteem. This is a serious problem in that people are unaware or just simply