Annotated Bibliography On The Midwifery

The ANMC states that midwives should promote safe and effective practice. This competency standard involves: Applying knowledge, skills and attitudes to enable woman centred care, provide or support midwifery continuity of care and manage the midwifery care of women and their babies. Midwives providing continuity of care are able to provide safe and effective practice. They know there patients well from the woman’s blood test results to the woman’s birth plan. The midwife can provide safe and effective practice because she knows the woman best. Midwifery Continuity of care is associated with a reduction in the rate of a number of interventions, without compromising safety of care (Spiby &

When Thomas Jefferson wrote the second paragraph of the Declaration of Independence, it became one of his greatest legacies. In the first line he wrote, "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal" (U.S. Constitution, paragraph 2). Jefferson wrote these words to give inspiration to future generations in the hopes that they would be able to change what he either would or could not. The word “men” in the Declaration in the early 1700 and 1800’s meant exactly that, but even then it only was true for some men, not all. Women, children, and other segments of the population such as slaves and Native Americans were clearly not included. Jefferson himself was a slave owner and held the belief that women were

For hundred of years, women have wrestled with their womanhood, bodies, and what it means to be a woman in our society. Being a woman comes with a wonderful and empowering responsibility--giving birth. What sets us aside from other countries is that the process and expectations of giving birth has changed in our society; coming from midwifery, as it has always been since the early times, to hospitals where it is now expected to give birth at. Midwifery was a common practice in delivering babies in

Public health is defined by the World Health Organisation as ‘all organised measures to prevent disease, promote health, and prolong life among the population as a whole’ (WHO, 2015). Within this role of public health, the midwife has an essential role. They are in the best position to be able to guide

The idea of childbirth has been viewed in three peculiar ways: a social natural occurrence, as a passage to an early death, and in present times a medical procedure needed when having children. In the seventieth and eighteenth century childbirth was seen as a social celebration conducted by midwives, while in the nineteenth century fear of death arose due to an increase of maternal mortality rates. This time period also served as a transition time between the elimination of the midwife and the emergence of the physician. The transition was due to attitude changes and knowledge understanding. During the twentieth century, medical knowledge expanded and thus the idea of childbirth was medicalized into a medical procedure needed to have healthy children. Childbirth once seen as a natural phenomenon was now an event that needed medical attention by health facilitators at institutions of health. The ideas around childbirth developed based on the knowledge, cultural setting, mortality rates, and professionals available at the time. Based on these ideas it is easy to see how social and behavioral aspects influenced childbirth throughout the seventeenth, eighteenth, ninetieth and twentieth centuries. In addition, the communities’ views on childbirth were influenced by the development of public health infrastructure, public health policy advancement and how well public officials were able to disseminate information.

Their family would come and give a speech about the hardships of life.   The midwives would be present during the child's  birth.  Their role was to supervise and assist the woman’s pregnancy, delivery, and they also perform the ceremonial ritual’s associated with the child's birth.  They are very much respected woman.

I strongly believe in and support the mutual partnership that is established between Midwives, Wahine and their Whanau. It is an honour to be a part of women and their families journey to welcoming a new family member and I cherish the opportunity to be able to do this with them. Whilst pregnancy and childbirth is a normal, natural process of life, for some this can be complicated and I feel it is my responsibility to be able to walk with low risk and high risk women, injecting as much of my midwifery philosophy as I can into what might be a complex medical picture. By keeping practice hollistic and woman-centred this can be achieved. All women are entitled to make fully informed decisions and granted the time to do this. I am pro-choice and

In the documentary called Babies, we are introduced to four different babies, from different parts of the world in separate societies including Japan, The United States, Namibia, and Mongolia. The film documents how each infant is raised in their own culture and society. The beginning of the film depicts medical practices amongst the different cultures. The American and Namibian babies were the two that differed the most. In the Namibian culture there is no medical assistance. The only prenatal care that was seen in the film was when the expecting mother had ground up some red powder and smeared it on her belly, when giving birth there was not much medical

　　Nancy Dye’s, History of Childbirth in America, explores the social evolution of childbirth by breaking it into three stages: before the 18th century, late 18th century to 1919, and the 1920s on. In the first stage, pregnancy is a social event that is attended to by midwives and female friends and relatives.[ Nancy Dye, History of Childbirth in America. (1980), 97-108.] It was the pinnacle of femininity and the power women held. The midwife, who was not seen as a medical professional would see to everything in the pregnant woman’s home where the birth would take place by natural means.[ Dye, History of Child Birth in America, 97-108] Even though this was seen as a happy moment it was crowded with the cultural emphasis on the likelihood of pain and death that brought fear and confusion to women.[ Dye, History of Child Birth in America, 97-108] This stage in the history of childbirth is important to understand because it is this era that acts as a foundation for the rest to come. Also, as the stages are followed through one will

Poor women have other income-generating trades in addition to working as housemaids, such as handicrafts and raising poultry and goats. Among these trades, one of them is unique to the village, and that is midwifery. Among the poor women, midwives enjoy a different status in the village. In the absence of an adequate medical and healthcare system, village women depend on midwives when delivering babies. The parda culture bars women from attending a medical doctor, in most of the cases who is a male, and whose office is located at the government hospital at the sub-district or district town. Poverty and lack of proper transportation also compel village women to use the services of midwives. Midwives learn this knowledge from experience.

This paper will focus on the differences and conflicts between doctors and midwifes. Doctors have been been the lead care providers for women for hundreds of years. Just short of one-hundred years ago Mary Breckinridge became the first midwife in the united states. Today there doctors and midwives have an ongoing feud. Many doctors feel as if midwives are uneducated and are not trained enough to provide health care to women, and do not agree with their more natural approach to child birth. However there conflict is slowly but surly being resolved, as many health care facilities are allowing midwives to have more authority in the work place. Secondly, this paper will go over the differences between doctors and midwives, many people are uneducated

Through the Grandmother’s Law women are assisted through the birth by strong and supportive women. Traditional healing practices used by Indigenous midwives during the birth, include therapeutic massage for relaxation, sand, heat, smoke and fire to help with pain and being spiritually strong after birth was important for the mother and baby. Traditional rituals aimed at stopping bleeding, healing, warming will be used.

The World Health Organization reports that “81 percent of women in developing countries have one prenatal visit, but only 36 percent have the recommended four visits”. Prenatal care is important for both mother and fetus. In most countries midwifes are the ones that take care of the expecting mothers and deliver their babies. In the United States however midwifes have become less and less used, due to the rise of OB-GYN’s. Deciding which care provider would be the best for each pregnancy is hard question to answer. Although some experts say that OB-GYN’s have more years of schooling therefor they are more certified to deliver babies, I argue that midwifes receive adequate training and are just as certified to deliver, which could give expecting mothers a more attentive care provider that is a lot cheaper than other care providers.

Hearing the word midwife leaves many people thinking of unprofessional, inexperienced women who help deliver babies naturally, without the help of medication. In truth, nurse-midwives are registered nurses who have attended additional schooling for women’s health and are taught to make women feel as comfortable as possible. In the beginning, remedies were the females’ legacies, their “birthright”; these females were known as “wise-women by the people, witches of charlatans by authorities”. (Ehrenreich, 1973). “Females were wanderers, traveling from one place to another, healing the sick and wounded.” (Ehrenreich 1973). These women were among the first human healers and they were especially helpful when it came to childbearing. The midwives

Childbirth is always an exciting time for new mothers; however, the traditions, values and standards of care vary from culture to culture. For our project, we chose to research the traditions and values of the West African Ghanaian women. To successfully to this, we will first provide some geographic information on Ghana. Ghana is located in West Africa and is estimated to be the closest country to the center of the earth. The capital of Ghana is Accra. A 2012 census in Ghana estimated that the population of Ghana is divided into 75 ethnic groups with females outnumbering males 51% to 49% (Embassy of Ghana and Globescope Inc, 2014). The official language is English; however, each ethnic group has their dialect as a second