Annotated Bibliography: Psychological Aspects Of Cancer

For the majority of time, the biomedical model has been the main focus on many health factors and diseases, including cancer. Recently, psychologists have been able to prove the psychological and social components of disease. This has forced Doctors, who once relied solely on the biological factors of disease to take a more holistic approach. To help demonstrate the biopsychosocial model of cancer, I will be focusing on breast cancer and it’s risk factors. I will be discussing the effects of race/ethnicity, stress, and genetic factors on the occurrence and recovery of people who suffer from breast cancer.

The word “cancer” first appeared in medical literature in 400BC during the time of Hippocrates as “karkinos”. Cancer was compared to a crab, which was denoted by its hardened back, its painful sting and its mobility. Another Greek word described cancer as “onkos” which represented the load born by cancer patients which is

I plan to advance my knowledge of epidemiologic principles in cancer by monitoring the reports of cancer in the communities, studying whether certain components of diets have influences on the risks of cancer development, evaluating the impact and effectiveness of a cholesterol program through a deign of quasi-experimental study. Besides that I plan to conduct an analysis of the historical as well as the current trends on project data for future needs of public health resources (Schottenfeld,

Cancer disease imposes a global threat to public health. Epidemiological data clearly show an increase of cancer diffusion over the world every year. Moreover to genetic factors that are crucial for cancer formation and development, environmental factors are important for its progression and advanced. These include lifestyle as tobacco smoking, alcohol drinking, physical activity, industry and microbial factors as radiation, pollution, infection and diet

The majority of cancer patients are distressed due to their health status despite the advancement of new technologies for cancer treatment. These patients are emotionally disturbed which in turn contributes to psychiatric problems such as anxiety and depression. The findings of this study show the significance of assessing the psychological conditions of cancer patients before treatment. This calls for the healthcare providers to not only provide treatment to the cancer patients, but also assess their psychological status. This would assist in minimizing the psychiatric symptoms while delivering effective care treatment among the cancer patients. In case, the conditions become worse, the oncologists can refer the patients to psychologists

The influence of the mind on cancer recovery is of tremendous importance. The diseases are produced by the interactions that occur between the factors, biological, social and psychological, and positive thinking as a very powerful tool to be able to predispose you to

Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide, accounting for 7.6 million deaths (around 13% of all deaths) in 2008; worldwide this figure is projected to rise to over 13.1 million in 2030. Lung (1.6 million, 12.7% of the total for men and women), breast (1.4 million, 10.9% of the total for women), colorectal (1.2 million, 9.7% of the total for men and women) and stomach cancers (1 million, 7.8% of the total for men and women) were the most common, accounting for more than 40% of all cases. About 70% of all cancer deaths are reported in low and middle-income countries [20, 21].

In developing the definition of the problem, I used my own personal perspective, values, and experiences. As a child, I was diagnosed with a form of leukemia. I grew up in southwest Nebraska and my mother and I were forced to drive five hours to treatment in Omaha, leaving at home my dad and brother. Therefore, I have my own personal perspective of what a cancer diagnosis does to a family. Other perspectives used include holistic, systems, and person in environment. Attention is put on the patient’s illness and other emotional and familial problems are overlooked. However, when the

Scientists really do not know everything that actually causes cancer. There can be genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors that contribute to this disease. Lung cancers are linked to smoking, asbestos, radon gas, even genetic predisposition (example: where relatives smoking/non-smoking develop lung cancer, even though you did not.) The American Cancer Society suggested that there is a link between nutrition and cancer, and suggest regular activity and living a healthy lifestyle, along with dietary suggestions. While some cancers are caused by infections, take for example, cervical cancer, it is caused in most cases by HPV or human papillomavirus, which is a sexually transmitted infection.

Cancer is one of the most well-known and most talked about disease in today’s world. This is because the incidence of the disease has never been higher. It is estimated that around 2.5 million people in the UK today, have been diagnosed with cancer. This figure has increased by around 500,000 in the last five years, and it is said that by the end of 2016 over a thousand people will be diagnosed with cancer every day in the UK. According to Cancer Research UK, 1 in 2 people today will be diagnosed with cancer at some point in their lifetime.

In this essay I will be discussing the psychology of cancer. More than 270,000 people are diagnosed with cancer each year in the UK. Cancer is the cause of a quarter of all UK deaths, and well over a third of all deaths in adults under 65 (Cancer Research UK, 2004). It is a deadly illness, in 2012, an estimated 14.1 million new cases of cancer occurred worldwide and an estimated 8.2 million people died from cancer. Around 12,500 cancers in the UK each year are linked to alcohol with smoking causing nearly a fifth of all cancers (including over 80% of lung cancers) (Anon., 2014). Genes are a risk factor in an individual’s risk of getting the illness, however there are further lifestyle risk factors. Tobacco is by far, the single most important risk factor for cancer. Worldwide, it caused more than 1 in 5 cancer deaths and almost three-quarters of lung cancer deaths (Cancer Research UK, 2014).

There are a lot of things that have not been discovered by the oncologist on cancer especially the main factor that cause cancer. All the causes stated need to be emphasize more by our government on society to open their eyes on how prevention become the best way to avoid cancer than to cure it. It should be start from our environmental exposures on cancer risk. Every individual in society should take part by reduce their family from exposure to

Cancer treatments can cause physical, emotional and financial problems for the patient. “In a telephone interview study done and posted in the Journal of clinical oncology (Mazor KM, et.al; 2012) (p.1784-90) 416 patients were interviewed out of those ninety-three believed something had gone wrong in their care. Things that they believe were preventable and caused or could have

Cancer is a disease described by hysterical growth and spread of abnormal forms of normal body cells. In advanced countries, cancer results in most of the deaths related to disease. Even

Cancer is still seen by many as an incurable disease that slowly takes over healthy human tissue, and ultimately causes death. 2Through advances in medical science, different physical procedures have been developed to treat cancer – for example, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery. In recent years however, there has been a growing perception by cancer specialists and patients that the onset and treatment of cancer may be affected by psychological factors. A new field of research called psycho-oncology has emerged to investigate how the mind can slow down, or even reverse, the progress of cancer. The results from such studies however, have not always been conclusive, and in the case of retrospective studies, have often proved