Annotated Gas Equation Paper

The purpose of this lab is to determine the formula of an unknown hydrate. To achieve this, we heated a hydrate over a Bunsen burner to drive out the water. As a result, the anhydrate is left and the data is used to calculate the mole ratio between the amount of anhydride and water. Then the mole ratios are used to calculate the hydration number, which was 4.8, but was rounded to 5 in the formula. The accepted formula is 〖CuSO〗_4∙5H_2 O and the percent of error was 4%.

I. LIQUID - Identification of an Unknown Liquid: Using the physical properties of Solubility, Density, and Boiling Point.

1.What two factors did you investigate in your procedure, and why did you choose to compare these two factors?

The freezing point constant (Kf) of water is 1.86 °C m-1. Each mass amount and Van’t Hoff factor was calculated then analyzed in a table.

The boiling point elevation constant for water that was experimentally determined in this analysis was 0.4396 °C/m, which was derived from the slope of the trend line in Figure 2. This is slightly lower than the constant provided in lecture of 0.51 °C/m. This could be due to further evaporation of water from the solutions tested via refractive index after the boiling temperature was recorded.

The Stages of Deception used as a way of Persuasion and the thought of Hope

In the third stage of this experiment, the density of a liquid was determined and compared to known standards. A 100ml beaker was filled to about half-full with room-temperature distilled water. The temperature of the water in ◦C was recorded in order to compare to known standards later. A 50ml beaker was then weighed on a scale in order to determine mass and recorded. A sample of the distilled water with an exact volume of 10ml was then placed in the 50ml beaker using a volumetric pipette. The 50ml beaker with the 10ml of water was then weighed again and the initial mass of the beaker was subtracted from this mass to obtain the mass of the 10ml of water. With the volume and the mass of the water now known, density was calculated using d = m/V and recorded in g/ml. This process was then repeated to check for precision and compared to standard values to check for accuracy. Standard values were obtained from CRC Handbook, 88th Ed.

We can assume that the specific heat capacity of water is 4.18 J / (g × °C) and the density of water is 1.00 g/mL.

To learn about the laws of thermodynamics and use thermodynamics formulas to calculate heat transfer

This value yielded a percent error of -0.121%, calculated from the value being 0.134g less than the given value of 58.104 g/mol. The pressure of the gas was was calculated to be 738.58 mmHg by subtracting the Vapor Pressure of Water at 299°K — 25.2 mmHg — from that of the Barometric Pressure — 1.005 atm. Lastly, the calculation of the resultant volume of the H2 using the actual conditions of the lab and the moles of chemicals used yields a predicted volume of 0.68, significantly different from that of the actual

Governing of equations includes the equations related to first law of thermodynamics for steady flow processes within a control volume with multiple inlets and outlets. It can be expressed through the mass and energy rate balance equations. The mass balance equation for each component of the power plant is presented in Eq. 1.

Gas Exchange is a physical process. During that physical process diffusion is involved which are two main gases oxygen (O2) which is needed for respiration, Carbon dioxide (CO2) that is produced in respiration.

Yang J et al., [11] measured the densities of [EMIM][EtSO4] + water at T = (278.15 to 333.15) K. The apparent molar volumes, , partial molar volumes, , apparent molar expansibilities and isobaric thermal expansion coefficient, of the binary solution were calculated using the measured data of density. The apparent molar volume were fitted to a Pitzer’s equation.

This is define as the ratio of the number of moles of vapor per number of moles of vapor-free gas to the number of moles of vapor that would be present per mole of vapor-free gas if the mixture were completely saturated at a given temperature and total pressure.

This approach is restricted to processes where gravitational force is not much important such as thin formations with high flow rates. Diffusion effects and pvt properties are scale well for steam flooding with additives.