Anterior Cruciate Ligament Analysis

The knee is an integral joint in terms of movement, but this joint absorbs much impact while it supports the weight of the body. Depending on the type of activities that you engage in, the level of impact absorbed by your knee may vary. The knee joint connects the kneecap (the patella) with the second bone in the lower part of the leg (the fibula). It also connects the shin bone (the tibia) with the thigh bone (the femur). Four ligaments serve to stabilize the joint; these ligaments are known as the Lateral Collateral Ligament, Medial Collateral Ligament, Posterior Cruciate Ligament, and the Anterior Cruciate Ligament.

An anterior cruciate ligament tear can be confirmed by the Lachman test, the dynamic extension test, and the Pivot jerk test. The Lachman test and dynamic extension test is helpful in, “making a diagnosis, particularly in the acute injury.” (1) The lateral pivot test reproduces, “the rotatory subluxation that occurs in ACL defiency. The test is difficult to perform and takes residents and fellows in my practice approximately three months of intensive training to be able to adequately perform the jerk test in the unanaesthetised patient.”(1) The test is important because the demonstration of the lateral pivot jerk is the replication of the instability that the patient has. The initial goals of treatment immediately after injury are to reduce pain, reduce

The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is one of the four main ligaments in the knee joint that connect it to the shin bone (tibia) and thigh bone (femur). It 's located deep within the joint, behind the kneecap (patella), above the shinbone, and below the thighbone. The ACL lies diagonally across the middle of the knee and plays a role in keeping the knee stable during movement. Partial tears of the ACL can occur, but are rare. Most ACL tears are either near-completes or complete tears. After experiencing an ACL tear, an athlete has a 15 times

This short and round ligament, like all other ligaments, prevents slippage within the joint and allows the joint to properly pivot when performing an action (Duff 300). Without this particular ligament, the knees would be fragile and more susceptible to injury. Therefore, it would be impossible to do the simplest movements that are done by humans everyday, like walking and even sitting. This is one reason why many athletes should be aware of the physical indications that arise if they have torn their ACL while participating in athletic activities.

A torn ACL is a injury in which also is a torn anterior cruciate ligament in the knee. When someone tears their ACL they have to have a surgery to replace it. ACL injuries range from mild, such as a small tear, to severe such as when the ligament tears completely or when the ligament and part of the bone separate from the rest of the bone. A lot of the time some of the other knee ligaments or parts of the knee are also injured. This includes cartilage such as the menisci, or bones in the knee joint they also can be broken. Your ACL can be broken during sport activities. During an activity if your leg is planted firmly on the ground then hit by a heavy/large force it could tear the ACL. Some ways your ACL can be tore is by being bent backwards,

The Anterior Cruciate Ligament “…is a primary restraint to anterior drawer of the tibia” (Halewood & Amis, 2015, p. 2790) which means that it keeps the tibia from moving too far forward. Providing controlled extension, it is also a primary player in knee stability (Kisner & Colby, 2012, p. 803). It

In this article, FoxNews.com reports Dr. Steven Claes and Dr. Johan Bellemans, knee surgeons from the University Hospitals Leuven in Belgium, have been conducting revolutionary human knee anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear research by dissecting cadaver knees for the last four years. The two knee surgeons were trying to find out the reason patients, who had undergone ACL repair, experienced a condition called “pivot shift” (i.e., intermittent periods in which the knee destabilizes). The article states the two knee surgeons identified a novel knee ligament, which they termed anterolateral ligament (ALL), which, when damaged contributed to the “pivot shift” knee condition.

Objectives: A Comparison of 2 Femoral Fixation Procedures between Intratunnel femoral fixation of the ACL graft via a cross-pin fixation technique and extratunnel femoral fixation with cortical buttons.

What is it? When you injure your ACL you're usually put a tear in your Anterior Cruciate Ligament (www.mayoclinic.org). Thus for when you are injured you will be caused you to fall down. Your ACL is located in the middle of your knee. It is one of the four main ligaments in your leg alongside with the MCL, PCL, and LCL (www.mayoclinic.org). Since your

The knee joint is a hinge joint that connects the femur to tibia. The anterior muscles of the quadriceps and the posterior muscles of the hamstrings help stabilize the knee joint (Prentice & Bobo & Benson, 2014). The ACL consists of long rope like bands that fasten bones together to keep the knee stable. The ACL is one of four ligaments that stabilize the knee, and it is one of the most injured ligament in the knee. The medial and collateral ligaments run along the outside of the knee and prevent the knee from shifting side to side, and the anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments are located inside the knee and prevent the knee from shifting forward and backward (Prentice & Bobo & Benson, 2014). All these muscles and ligaments work together to keep our knee stabilized

A torn ACL is one of the most serious and common knee injuries. Many aspects play a role in the treatment and rehabilitation of this injury. This paper will discuss the anatomy of the knee, describe a torn ACL, and the rehabilitation.

The knee joint consists of four ligaments, two intra-capsular which are the ACL and the PCL and two extra-capsular ligaments including the MCL and LCL. The ACL is an extremely strong stabiliser which prevents anterior displacement of the knee. The ACL is a ligament and therefore connects one bone to another, the femur with the tibia. The ACLs origin is from the anterior intercondylar eminence of the tibia (home,2017) and the fibres pass upwards, backward and laterally inserting into the lateral condyle of the femur.

The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is crucial to knee stability as its function is directly related to the anatomical morphology.9 The ACL is one of the two ligaments that interconect the femure and tibia in the intercondylar sector of the knee.4 It consists of two bundles: antromedial (AMB) and postrolatral (PLB). Both bundles originate from the postero-medial aspect of the lateral femoral condyle and run in an oblique manner to insert on the anterior region to the intercondylar tibial eminence.17 The ACL is comprised of multiple collagen fascicles, mainly type I collagen, surrounded by connective tissue and covered by the synovial membrane.17 The average width of the ACL is 11mm and the mean length of the AMB is 33mm, while it is 18mm for the PLB.14

Three layers described of the lateral portion of the knee and grouped the anterolateral knee structures with the components of the posterolateral corner. The layers were divided into: a superficial layer, layer 1, which comprised the ITT anteriorly and the biceps femoris posteriorly; layer 2, which contained the quadriceps retinaculum anteriorly; and layer 3, which was formed by the lateral joint capsule extending from the patella to the posterior cruciate ligament. ( 29 )

The job of any healthy joint is to distribute the forces encountered with evenly among the loading capacity of the tissues (Anetzberger, Birkenmaier, & Lorenz, 2013). The knee joint consists of many different structures including the tibial-femoral articulation, the patella, and many cartilaginous structures. The meniscus is a fibrocartilaginous, crescent-shaped structure located in the knee between the medial and lateral tibiofemoral articulating surfaces (Mezhov, Teichtahl, Strasser, Wluka, & Cicuttini, 2014). There is both a medial and a lateral menisci, and their function includes loading variable transmissions across the knee joint, shock absorption of tensile and torsion movements, and some joint nutrition. The menisci also