Anthropological Perspective

Ethnocentrism is the idea that ones own cultural is the standard of living and all other cultures are susceptible to be compared to that way of life, Cultural relativism on the other hand is understanding that different cultures in different environments survive differently. I just recently witnessed someone exhibit their ethnocentric ideas when my father visited and we went hiking in sedona. Having grown up in Hawaii neither of us hardly ever wore shirts, going straight from the beach to a grocery store in nothing but surf shorts was never a problem or anything out of the ordinary. So naturally while out on a hike in the hot sun we took our shirts off and went on our way, as we progressed the trail I felt like everyone was looking at us and I couldn't figure out why. We passed multiple groups giving us weird looks but I didn't think anything of it, it wasn't until we stopped by a convenience store where the clerks scowl made me realize that "No shirt, no shoes, no service" is actually a thing here. Thankfully she still let us buy our things and leave, but it was interesting to see someones expression and demeanor change simply due to a couple men not wearing shirts, it's not like we're covered in tattoo's or provide anything to profile us as problematic. I can see how some might say not wearing a shirt isn't a cultural thing but considering how widely accepted and popular it is amongst locals i'd say it's a characteristic. Cultural relativism is a much better outlook to

I deserve to be selected for the Jordan Hackett Memorial Scholarship because as a hard-working student, I will commit myself to effectively take advantage of the opportunity that this scholarship will provide me. As a student, I not only persistently work hard academically but also try to improve my work ethic and people skills. I believe education is the key to success, and I try to connect my passion for education with my desire for helping others. As a result, I have decided to pursue a career as a neonatal nurse practitioner. I wish to get the opportunity to bring life into this world and care for the sick newborns to the best of my ability.

Both von Hentig and Mendelsohn are seen in most academic literature as the founders of the discipline of victimology. This notion of the responsibility and accountability of the victim’s influence of their own victimisation was further developed within the work of Wolfgang (1958) whom introduced the terms victim precipitation. Whereas Hindelang et al. (1978) introduced the notion of victim’s lifestyle which was in relation to the victims daily routine and activities which could account towards their personal victimisation. Putting themselves at greater risk of being a victim of crime was put into the “lifestyle model’ which was developed by Hindeland, Gottfredson and Garfolo (1978, cited in Fattah, 2000). Further research into the victim precipitation and victim lifestyle was “According to Zender (2002, pp.4201-1), Wolfgang’s study Patterns in Criminal Homicide (1958) and Amir’s Patterns of Forcible Rape (1971) continued the theme of victim precipitation.” Positivist victimology was a term coined by (1989:3) he identified what can be seen as they key characteristics of positivist victimology: “The identification of factors which contribute to a non random pattern of victimisation, a focus on interpersonal crimes of violence, and a concern to identify victims who may have contributed to their own victimisation”. (Jupp, Davies, and Francis, 2003) p.g.9 Sometimes positivist victimology can be referred to as conservative

Today, MSC visited Jeffrey at his Dau Habilitation program located on 1221 E14th street, Brooklyn, NY. MSC greeted the receptionist and she called his Day Hab. Supervisor Yocheved Mordkontech. She guided MSC to his classroom and Jeffrey was happy to see his MSC. Jeffrey asked MSC how she was doing and MSC stated good. Jeffrey was dressed appropriatelt in a green shirt, jeans and sneakers. Jeffrey had a clean hair cut. He told MSC that she spoke to his sister and is a little worried about here. He also worries about missing medical appointments. MSC informed him not to worry, Marie Rose will make sure he attends each medical appointments in a timely manner. Yocheved stated that Jeffrey has been doing good. He has been cooperative and he has improved in being courteous of others.

In part four "The Origin of Islam The Social Organization of Mecca and The Origins of Islam, Eric R. Wolf" of the novel, Paradigms for Anthropology by E. Paul Durrenberger and Suzan Erem discussed among the Meccan society, there are thirteen major groups of clients; all associated to a patron family or clan. A couple of the clients were freed slaves, while the rest were outlaws. Again, a couple of the clients were people who had transferred for safety through matrilocal marriage. The Meccan society does have a descendants. The Meccan society was organized by two clans being at the center while the other eight clans being at the outskirts. The purpose was to look closely between those apart of the dissimilar categorizations. The Meccan kinship

... The right of our manifest destiny to over spread to possess that whole of the continent which Providence has given to us for the development of the great experiment of liberty and federative development of the self-government entrusted to us. It is right such as that of the tree to the space of the air and earth suitable for the full expansion of its principle and destiny of growth”. These famous words were spoken by John L. O’Sullivan. O’Sullivan made his name in 1845 as an editor and columnist where he wrote in the local news the quote above concerning the expansion of the idea of “the great experiment of liberty”. The term manifest destiny became widely used at this time to describe the belief that the westward expansion of the United States through the American continents was justified and bound to happen. Although O’Sullivan did not intend for manifest destiny to be a forceful expansion of territory, he believed it was an inevitable occurrence to come. After the boom of O’Sullivan’s manifest destiny article, he later went on to publish more of these manifest destiny topic based articles and became a famous face of the westward expansion era. The Monroe doctrine which was adopted in the year of 1823, was the closest America ever came to the manifest destiny official policy; but it put European nations on notice that they would in fact defend the other nations of the western hemisphere from further colonization.

“The key characteristics of positivist victimology can be described as, the identification of factors which contribute a non-random pattern of their own victimisation, a focus on interpersonal crimes of violence and a concern to identify victims who may have contributed to their own victimisation.”

Growing up, my life was somewhat sheltered compared to the lives of other people my age. I was raised by both my mom and dad in a Christian household, in which I was taught morals based upon our faith. As a result of this upbringing, my parents and I made the decision to enroll me in a private Christian school in sixth grade. In this setting I was protected from the influences of the outside world. All of the language, violence, and temptations were around me, which I began to recognize as I entered my freshman year of high school. Even the walls of the highly respected establishment could not keep the real world out.

It affects people psychologically, provides a social/anthropological context, helps bring in financial/economic value, is politically relevant, and knows the history. It also borrows from fine arts and linguistics, by playing with words, in slogans/taglines. It is safe to say that logos depend on classical liberal arts more than just design or technology.

The trajectory of this study aims to identify how a person becomes a victim of a violent crime by acquiring as much detailed information as possible on the incident surrounding the victim. All information can be gathered from a plethora of data bases. In other words, if this victim has been a target of a violent crime before, the information gathered from past events becomes a part of the evidence moving forward. Applying factual knowledge, comprehensive study of victims, and precisely placing victims into a “risk continuum” category are a few of the essential elements for building a profile Keglovits, McCrary, & Ramsland

When examining the victim’s actions, the differences between a ‘positivist perspective’ and ‘feminist perspective’ become evident. A ‘positivist perspective’ implies "identifying the factors that contribute to the non-random victimization pattern, focusing on the interpersonal violent crimes, and endeavouring to identify the victims who are prone to contribute to their own victimization" (Kostić, M. 2010 p69). This shows the victim as being the kind of person that they are; this can also include lifestyle factors such as victims who brazenly display their wealth. ‘Positivist Perspective’ examines which social and psychological characteristics of victims make them different from and more vulnerable than, non-victims. An example of positivist victimology is Marvin Wolfgang's (1958) study of 588 homicides in Philadelphia. Wolfgang found that 26% involved victim precipitation – the victim triggered the events leading to the murder (Spalek, B. 2006 p34).

What questions do Anthropologist ask? What are Anthropologist main interest, and theoretical orientations? Anthropology the study of people shares many general interest in the nature of human beings, and borrows greatly on the understandings of others. Additionally, the range of clearly stated interest involving people who study people is so broad that it is almost impossible to find a one common denominator that describes them

Throughout this course, reading, studying, and identifying the differences between diverse cultures and our own has been the main emphasis. Learning about the anthropological case studies along with the fieldwork that goes into absorbing another culture requires time, patience, and in some cases a bit of an initial shock. However, what about the culture differences that are taking place in our backyards? The world is a very diverse place with many different types and tribes of people, yet, it is important to remember that there are many differences right where we are as well as other countries and places. Through the article titled, Tricking and Tripping, Fieldwork on Prostitution in the Era of AIDS by Claire E. Sterk, we are able to read of fieldwork done right here in the United States. Anthropological fieldwork that isn’t obtained in the tropical exotic locations, rather it is found in our own terrace. I believe that that is important to remember and have the reminder that all people can set aside judgments, and become patient, brave, trustworthy, and explore “the life” of others.

Victimology is a topic that has been intriguing to me for a while. It certainly has come a long way since 1947 when Benjamin Mendelsohn coined the term. According to all the history that has been provided since that time many improvements have taken place. Such as the accessibility to information regarding the amount of individuals that are victims of any crime in any specific area at any time. All the reforms, movements and implementations of theories, laws, rights and programs that have taken hold since that time period have been very beneficial for society and makes us more aware of what is out there and how to be prepared for the worst case possible scenario. Out of the many things mentioned in the book Victimology, Leah E. Daigle/Lisa R. Muftic, I was greatly intrigued by the prevention section of it. One thing that caught my eye was the fact that many if not all come to the same conclusion when it comes to crime itself which is, is just simply easier to reduce/remove opportunities that would put us at risk rather than swaying the motivation of any type of offender.

This horrific event will be repeated over and over in their brain and will force them to make a choice to report vs. no reporting to authorities, they will ponder seeking medical/professional assistance, or counseling. Their most difficult choice will be to recount the event to law enforcement. According to the author of, In Parallel Justice for Victims of Crime, Susan Herman, suggests that society has opted to deal quickly and swiftly with offenders while leaving the victim to their own devises. Herman argues that when society addresses crime, we primarily focus on those who violate the law, with most of there sources and energy directed at identifying and punishing offenders. Although this process is important, focusing primarily on offenders does a disservice to society, in general; to local communities; and, most detrimentally, to victims of crime (Zweig, 2011). If justice is going to be equal there needs to be emphasis on both the criminal offender and their victim. Meaningful justice requires that we attend to those harmed by the crime, in addition to those who committed it, such that victims can be safe, heal from trauma that has occurred, and fully reengage in the community (Zweig,