Antimicrobial Activity of Soil- Research Proposal Abstract

Antimicrobial resistant has been called one of the world's most pressing public health problems. Every time a person takes antibiotics, sensitive bacteria are killed, but resistant ones may be left to grow stronger and multiply. Although antibiotics can help treat bacterial infections, a possible side effect is that they can strengthen certain bacterial strains. Antibiotics are supposed to be used for bacterial infections, but are wrongly being used for both viral and bacterial infections. When we use antibiotics on viral infections, deadly bacteria multiplies and becomes stronger. We can fix this problem by using antibiotics for bacterial infections only.

With all of our modern advances, it seems somewhat strange that chronic health problems have become so commonplace. When antibiotics were discovered, they predicted the end of disease. Instead, we now have a world full of frightening antibiotic resistant infections.

A current predicament in the field of science is antibiotic resistance against superbugs.Though fighting against superbugs; which can be defined as a strain of bacteria unable to be killed using multiple antibiotics, is now a large problem, in the past it was not. The evolution of resistance in bacteria due to antibiotic abuse and lack of product development has brought upon us once again the fear of a pre-antibiotic era; one where simple, once easily defeated infections could kill. Already, infectious diseases are the 3rd leading cause of death in the US and the 2nd across the entire world, and drug resistant superbugs send 2 million Americans to hospitals every year; killing 23,000 of those people. And any bacterium can quickly and easily become multidrug resistant, the leading cause of this being antibiotic misuse in both humans and animals.( "Clinical Infectious Diseases." The Epidemic of Antibiotic-Resistant Infections: A Call to Action for the Medical Community from the Infectious Diseases Society of America. UCLA Medical School. Web. 27 Mar. 2016.)

Photodynamic Therapy refers to therapy that is used against cancer. This therapy has been used since around the 1930s and helps to eradicate the cancer without destroying normal cells. This paper explores the biomechanics of this process and incorporates a look at how this process can also be used to

Preventing Antibiotic Resistance Antibiotics are medicines that are used to treat bacterial infections. Antibiotic resistance means that an antibiotic is no longer effective in treating an infection. Resistance can develop if you use antibiotics the wrong way. There are several steps you can take to help prevent resistance. Taking these steps

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), describes antibiotic resistance is the ability of bacteria or other microbes to resist the effects of antibiotic treatment. () So instead of being destroyed by the medications, the bacteria survives and continues to reproduce, resultant in new communicable diseases that even more

This then means that the illness can spread, because the antibiotic has not succeeded in curing it. The way that bacteria form this type of resistance can be explained through natural selection. To start with, there are variations in the bacteria in the way that some are able to resist the antibiotic and some are not. When the bacteria come into contact with an antibiotic, those that are resistant will survive, while the rest will die. These selected bacteria then pass on the characteristics that allow them to resist the antibiotic. This means that over time, the antibiotic will become ineffective against a larger percentage of the bacteria. A new resistant strain of the bacteria has been formed that can survive even when treated with antibiotics, therefore enabling it to be passed to other people. The main cause of this is the overuse or misuse of antibiotics, which allows the bacteria more of a chance to develop a resistance. Some bacteria such as those found in the digestive tract, are naturally resistant to types of antibiotics. Illnesses that have previously been easy to cure with antibiotics are now harder to treat due to antibiotic

There is a very real danger that medicines currently used to treat infection will become completely ineffective if they are used too often and

Antibiotics have become a very important part of medicine. It is used to treat all kinds of bacteria, infections, diseases. Sadly, antibiotics have been coming to an end, they are being used more and more often everyday. They are being used so much that the bacteria they are being used to treat have been starting to become resistant to these antibiotics. Many infections that were once so easy to be treated have been gaining a stronger resistance. This is because of how the bacteria have a special enzyme that kills and eats up the antibiotics. As well as how the resistance that bacteria have can easily be passed off from one bacteria to another. This makes the resistance to antibiotics spread faster and increase rapidly. Much of the bacteria with resistance usually have it in their genes.

make ourselves more resistant to harmful pathogens. One concern is that this bacteria may not survive

Microorganisms Vs Antiseptic The effects of antiseptic on both gram positive and gram negative microorganisms have been researched and well documented in comparative studies. Such antiseptics include

The overuse of antibiotics has been a problem for well over a decade. This misuse leads to many nonvisible problems arising within the human population. As the use of antibiotics increases, the number of antibiotic resistant bacteria also increases. When bacteria become resistant to an antibiotic, another antibiotic must be

Modern-day advances have allowed scientists to develop methods to control pathogens. The more common methods include the use of antiseptics, antibiotics, and vaccines. By definition, antiseptics are chemicals used to kill pathogens. A few widespread antiseptics include soap, vinegar, and rubbing alcohol. Antiseptics are primarily used for the external destruction of pathogens, while antibiotics and vaccines target internal pathogens. Nevertheless, there are and can be difficulties concerning the use of antibiotics. “As antibiotic use has become more common, antibiotic-resistant bacteria have evolved.” This resistance due to evolution is called antibiotic resistance. It results in the antibiotics having no effect whatsoever on the bacteria, rendering the antibiotics useless. When antibiotic resistance occurs, scientists must resume their search to create a new medicine to can kill the mutant bacteria.

Ever since human beings left their hunter-gatherer lifestyles and adopted intensive agriculture, their practices in general have not always been kind to the soil and environment. Agricultural practices completely disrupt the natural soil process and, therefore, altering the natural cycle of nutrients. A healthy soil is a fundamental and necessary part of our entire ecosystem. Not only is soil crucial for the functionality of our environment, but so many aspects of daily human life are affected by the soil around us. The healthy soil beneath us assists the process of decomposing biological waste and turning it into nutrients, which then serves as rich organic matter that supports all kinds of plant and animal life in and on the ground. Soil

Antimicrobial Activity of Soil Isolates Abstract: Isolation and characterization of microorganisms is a practice that aids in Increasing ones knowledge of a laboratory setting and it helps improve on Using sterile technique. Isolates of soil microbes can be categorized and Characterized based on a number of criteria ranging from gram-staining Which is done for this project to enumeration which is quantitative description Based on the amount of microbial colonies available. The Antimicrobial Activity of three different microbes were also tested and results were obtained For two out of three of the microbes. Two out of three of the tested