Antimicrobial Resistance Research Paper

When making the decision to prescribe there are a number of influence you have to consider. It is important to have an awareness of these influences and take them into consideration when issuing a prescription. It is importance to have knowledge of the DOH (2006) Medicines Matters this give guidance on the mechanisms available for prescribing and administration and supply of products. Team trends and external company’s and there representatives promoting their products have a big influence on your prescribing practice Bradley (2006) found that these influences were of concern to some nurses feeling that their colleague may ask them to prescribe for patients they haven’t seen. Thomas (2008)

A couple times a year local and national mass media put the spotlight on problems connected to antibiotic overuse. Some people consider those problems to be real and serious, and others think that the discussed topics are nothing more than new “fashionable” subjects to talk about, distracting people from “real” problems, such as climbing gas prices or war expenses. Meanwhile, antibiotic overuse continues as a common practice among US doctors and agribusinesses for the last 20 years. The practice of antibiotic overuse has put patient’s health at risk, contributed to antibiotic resistance and increased bacterial mutation to a new, stronger level; as well as it hitting the economy with new costly expenses in health care. It is time to stop

The confusion begins with the public, and their views on the topic. The research into public perception of antibiotics has occurred multiple times, each leading to a similar conclusion: the lack of awareness leads to false perceptions about the effects of antibiotics. Per the World Health Organization (WHO), surveying 10,000 people, 64% of individuals who responded believed that antibiotics could treat the flu and the cold. This is especially odd since the same percentage of people believed that AMR “is an issue that could affect them and their families” (World Health Organization). Due to the constant confusion, about if

Every year a familiar scene plays out in clinic waiting rooms, chairs filled with miserable patients waiting to see their physician with complaints of a never ending cough and a constant nasal drip. More than likely, these patients will receive a prescription for antibiotics, but should they? Most acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs), do not require an antibiotic, the symptoms will resolve themselves over time without antibiotic treatment. Healthcare experts and scientists have warned the public about the dangers of overusing antibiotics, and there are thousands of studies to support that fact, but no one is listening. Patients are convinced they need to have antibiotic treatment, and somehow their time is wasted if they leave empty

Research has revealed how overprescribing antibiotic creates several adverse outcomes, including the development of multidrug resistant organisms, Clostridium difficile infection, and increased costs of health care (Myung et al., 2015). The Consumer Report (2015) raised concern for the overuse of antibiotics and how it leads to the loss of the ability to treat serious infections. Doctors,

A study performed by Alex Broom found that in multiple Australian hospitals contained a culture that perpetuated the ideology of using antibiotics in a reckless manner. In fact the study epitomized the global issue of misuse with the statistic of, “On any given day in Australia, approximately 40% of hospital in-patients will receive antibiotics with up to 50% of those deemed sub-optimal in current best practice terms” (Broom 81). Not only is this an important statistic for the argument that there is an issue, the journal discusses an insight as to why the misuse is happening in some medical quarters. Broom highlights the “social world” of hospitals that make doctors inclined to suppress immediate complications of an illness much more than looking to prevent a catastrophe that takes years to develop. Broom goes on to say, “We conclude that understanding the habitus of the hospital and the logics underpinning practice is a critical step toward developing governance practices that can respond to clinically ‘sub-opitmal’ antibiotic use” (Broom 81). The habitus, or a sort of social constitution among doctors, is one that includes a fear of undertreating as compared to over treating. The inconsideration for over treating patients could possibly be deemed inexplicably

In 1992 Shapiro et al. published their research informing providers prophylactic antimicrobial treatment is not routinely indicated [2] There were a total of 387 patients in the controlled trial, 203 patients assigned to receive amoxicillin and 182 were given a placebo [2]. Either 250mg of amoxicillin or a placebo was given to subjects three times a day for ten days. 15 subjects dropped out and 7

How would you encourage parents with children to approach a health professional about over prescribing antibiotics that could potential lead to resistance? How would you educate parents to recognize warning flags with over prescribing habits? You state that health education programs need to have the ability to enable and empower parents, how could empower lead to further complications associated with antibiotics? In your opinion what is a approach that could be taken to encourage health professional to reduce prescribing habits while still empowering parents to have guidance and ownership over their families health status?

In the U.S. alone, the amount of prescribed courses of antibiotics per year far exceeds the the population, indicating that some people are getting more than one course of antibiotic treatment per year. In relation to that, the treatment indication and duration of antibiotic therapy has been found to be incorrect in 30% to 50% of cases studied and 30% to 60% of patients in intensive care units were found to be given unnecessary or inappropriate antibiotic treatment (Ventola, 2015). Another subject of concern is the lack of regulation in other countries. Many are able to purchase antibiotics without a prescription which leads to cheap and easy access, eventually encouraging misuse of the drug. Also, these same countries are able to sell antibiotics online where people residing in regulated countries are able to purchase them, contributing to the problem even further (Ventola, 2015). The lack of education and concern for the regulation of antibiotics can have dire consequences not only for patients but for the rest of the population, as

3. Ho : There is no significant relationship between outpatients’ knowledge on antibiotics and their attitudes towards practices on antibiotic

Two-hundred clinicians completed questionnaires and 42.6% replied that they had been influenced by childcare policies when deciding whether to prescribe antibiotics in this scenario.

The article argues that the overuse of antibiotics is a problem for all specialties that deal with the use of the antibiotics and as result communication with patients and colleagues is necessary. The article includes information from the Center for Disease Control and Prevention that shows the prescription use from different specialties of healthcare like dermatology and emergency medicine. The information is to prove the articles assertion that if antibiotics are used in specialties then there is antibiotic overuse to be found. However, the article also argues that awareness of antibiotic overuse is different in every health care specialty, but that many are already aware, but still overprescribe due to pressure from parents. The article

Prescription drug advertisements have a negative impact on Americans by causing them to become hypochondriacs in a certain way. A hypochondriac is someone who believes and becomes obsessed with the idea that they have a serious condition that was and is undiagnosed. This problem continues to have a negative affect because it can lead to unnecessarily prescribing. Patients are going into their doctors and they are requesting to be put on these drugs because of the great affects that they have heard that they do for them. In the article, Direct-to-Consumer Pharmaceutical Advertising, the author states that in a study done over this and the results were that, when these request were made at about 40 percent of doctor visits and during this time more

The precise clinical question that guides the search for a qualitative article is: In healthcare personnel of hospitalized adults, what is the experience of preventing antibiotic resistant organisms?

Eighty percent of antibiotic prescribing takes place in general practice (Haddox, 2013). Therefore, focus of limiting antibiotic