1.1
a. The global warming and extinction of megafaunal animals allowed agriculture to be born. From this agriculture came inequalities in the social structure due to specialized labor. For the Eastern Woodland Communities, the social inequalities from the agriculture created classes with a chief at the top. They demonstrated power by conquering other tribes in warfare. This was the first time in history when birth determined leaders and upperclassmen.
b. Environment change and global warming caused the human population to experience a rapid growth. As more gatherers and hunters occupied the earth, more animals were being hunted. As a result of this, many megafaunal animals became extinct so the gatherers and hunters had to adjust their food supply. From the need of food came the discovery of agriculture. For the Iroquois, they built their villages around maize fields. The women would tend the crops and overlook the community, while the men would hunt.
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The triangle trade brought about dependency among the Native Americans for European goods. They depended on getting their ammunition and guns from the Europeans. This supported the Europeans belief that they are superior to the Natives. This notion of superiority came from the fact that the Europeans knew the Natives wouldn’t revolt against them since their ammunition supply came from the Europeans. This would cause problems in the future because during times of war, the Natives had a lack of supplies and a harder time defending themselves. This dependency is a large factor of European dominance in the Americas in the future. The dependency from the triangle trade also caused cultural integrity to be ruined through alcoholism. Families were ripped apart as the Natives became addicted to this substance that was foreign to them before. The addiction became so severe that the Natives wouldn’t cut off trade when they were being taken advantage of by the Europeans, because they wanted
Your assignment is to compare the missions of the UNIA and the NAACP and write about each organization’s approaches to confronting discrimination. You will then assume the role of a young African American living in the 1920s who has joined one of the organizations and explain your reasons for joining in a brief paragraph.
The shift from a hunter-gatherer society to an agricultural society was first environmentally made possible
The Neolithic revolution was a major event in human history and the period that followed expectedly brought about a rapid alteration in the social structure of human societies. As populations grew larger thanks to the constant supply of food, dispersion inevitably occurred.
Writers Diamond and Christian discuss the development of agriculture from the former lifestyle of hunter-gatherers. Main similarities between the authors include examining the reasons that agriculture spread on a global scale and also defining agriculture as a choice instead of an inevitability. However, a prime difference appears in that Christian discusses the division of class that occurred as a result of agriculture, meanwhile, Diamond does not mention this topic at all. Also, Christian further elaborates on his points through the discussion of early human history.
Diamond presents the argument that once societies began to evolve from hunters and gathers to food producers and farmers the paradigm shifted. People began to build homes to live in that were permanent. The areas were food production was cultivated became more dense in population. The societies then began to domesticate animals to be used in moving their cargo, plowing their fields and doing the heavy work.
Pick either New England or the South. How does this region change or not change (in terms of economics, politics, social structure, and culture) in the period from 1600 to 1750?
On June 17, 1972 police arrested five men in connection to a break-in at the Democratic National Committee headquarters in the Watergate building in Washington, DC. Because of the scandal that resulted, there were a number of political effects on succeeding presidential administrations. One of the most significant outcomes of Watergate scandal was the defining of an obscure presidential power: executive privilege. Because of the existence of a secret campaign fund which financed the break-in, after the scandal broke, both Congress and the Supreme Court seriously altered the issue of campaign finance. And finally, the Watergate scandal altered the relationship between the media and politicians; giving the media the excuse for scrutinizing the most private aspects of a politicians personal life.
The switch from living a nomadic life to raising animals and plants for food allowed the family unit more stability. They no longer had to rely on foraging, chasing a herd, or unfamiliar areas to survive. Settling down in one area
The main factors that influenced changes in demography are technological advancement, productivity, and disease. In the Foraging Era, population growth may have been deliberately limited to avoid overexploitation of land (page 19). However, populations increased as humans began to spread out over Earth because humans began accessing more land for more resources (page 24). Agricultural technology was more productive than the technology of the Foraging Era (page 32). During the Agrarian Era, overpopulation and lack of land forced communities to intensify and take up agriculture to produce favored crops and animals (pages 38-39). Farming communities grew
To growing crops and domesticating animals allowing them to grow in population along with strength. Leaving them with the time that would've normally been wasted hunting. To explore new things and making new tools to help with every day task such as tilling the earth to grow crops. Also with the domestication of animals humans were able to use the energy to further quicken the process of evolving ‘such as an enzyme being a catalyst to a reaction’ allowing them be more efficient at a task. Reducing the amount of energy that would of been normally necessary for hunting. Additionally with the increase of the population social organization became. Thus leading to an agriculture centered society where the man with the most land had the most
The transition to farming gave an advantage to those who practiced it. Hunters and gatherers couldn’t produce nor store as much food as farmers, thus they were at a disadvantage. Populations of food producers became more powerful than hunter gatherers. Since their population was denser, they were able to displace or kill those who were less advanced.
In addition to the beginning of food production, early Homo sapiens were able to gain a better understanding of how to grow and produce food through the knowledge of agriculture. Agriculture expansions began about 9000 and 2000 BCE, and almost all expansions had similar advances (p. 28). Expansions included, “the same factors of climate change; increased knowledge about plants and animals; and the need for more efficient ways to feed, house, and promote the survival of larger numbers (p. 28).
Since the early prehistoric Period, forms of humans such as Neanderthals, have struggled to survive without their basic form of food from which they get from hunting. The lives of the early people were changed forever once agriculture was introduced. Towns begin to form during advancements. Governments are even created. People were joining religions when crops were being produced, because it was such a miracle to them. Civilization is due to agriculture and can be seen in the growth of towns, governments, and religions.
1. What were the consequences of the Agricultural Revolution? – There was a sudden increase in social complexity manifested most strikingly in the emergence of cities. (pg.10)
In the Paleolithic area appeared complex with new technologies and lifeways called intensification, which helped people extract more resources from the land. Agriculture greatly influenced humans stimulating population growth and encouraging people to settle large communities. High