Aphasi Paul Broca's Area Of The Brain

Dementia describes a set of symptoms that may include memory loss and difficulties with thinking, problem-solving or language. These changes are often small to start with, but for someone with dementia they have become severe enough to affect daily life.

Nearly one million individuals within the United States experience aphasia resulting from a stroke. The website for the American Heart Association states that strokes are the third leading cause of death in the United States. They are often referred to as a cerebrovascular accident (CVA). This occurs when the blood flow to the brain has been either stopped or interrupted. The deprivation of blood flow and oxygen to the brain results in a stroke. Around 41.2 percent of individuals who suffered from a stroke will have aphasia (Guyomard et al., 2009). Manasco (2014) stated that aphasia is a deficit in language abilities resulting from the brain. It is broken down into, two categories fluent and non-fluent. Individuals with aphasia typically suffer from anomia. This is a condition where word retrieval (anomia) is difficult. “Most unimpaired individuals do not need to put forth any effort to express themselves verbally. However,

(2) Progressive non-fluent aphasia (PNFA) is characterised by problems with speech production. Individuals may struggle to find the correct words when engaging in conversation. Often individuals will struggle to pronounce words correctly (especially if they have more than two syllables), and their speech will lack appropriate grammar. Problems understanding speech can also be present, especially if the sentence contains complex grammar.

As mentioned above this disease affects three areas of the brain; the language (difficulty with

This section describes a type of dementia known as frontotemporal dementia, which has different forms including behavioural-variant frontotemporal dementia, progressive non-fluent aphasia and semantic dementia.

W.C., a 26 year 11 month old woman, was brought to the Florida Atlantic University-Communication Disorders Clinic (FAU-CDC) by her boyfriend for a Speech-Language Evaluation. She was referred to the FAU-CDC by her neurologist for word finding difficulties and a possible articulation disorder after a left hemisphere hemorrhagic stroke one month ago. According to her boyfriend, W.C.’s symptoms began immediately following her stroke and are characterized by word finding difficulties, slowed and choppy speech, and mispronunciation of certain consonants that is affecting intelligibility along with a strained voice.

A fresh human brain does not resemble the stereotypical fixated human brain typically seen in textbooks or diagrams. Instead, a fresh human brain is rich in vasculature, extending across the entire surface of the brain. The brain, in a sense, is greedy, requiring twenty percent of the oxygen coming from the lungs and twenty percent of the blood pumped by the heart. Recently, the brain’s greediness has led to advances in medical brain imaging technology. The PET scan maps the amount blood flow through specific areas of the brain, allowing researchers to localize particular functions to precise areas of the brain. In the TED talk, Dr. Allen explains the function of the cerebellum, temporal cortex, and frontal lobe – areas of the brain whose functions were determined using PET scan.

Our ability to partisipate in a conversation is made possible using our temporal lobe and the broca's areas of the brain. The broca's area is responsible for our speech production, comprehending language processing these languages, and helping a person to control facial neurons. These bundles of anatomical fibers can be found in the frontal lobe of the cortex. Composed of the pars triangular and the pars operculas; two primary parts. The pars triangular can be located in the broca's area. This part of the brain is believed to help interpret multiple modes of stimulus. the broca's area is where we organize and respond to verbal conducts. The pars opercularis can be found in the broca's area of the brain; supporting only one stimulus mode. Pars opercularis assist with coordinating the organ's used for producing speech and language because it is located near the area's of the brain that are related to our motor skills.

Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is the clinical diagnostic term now preferred to describe patients with a range of progressive dementia syndrome associated with focal atrophy of the frontal and anterior temporal regions of the brain 1. Epidemiological studies suggest that FTD is the second most common cause of young-onset dementia after Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and accounts for 5% -15% of all types of demenza 2. Clinically, the FTD can be classified into two main syndromes: the behavioral variant (bvFTD) and primary progressive aphasia (PPA) which can, in turn, be subdivided according the predominant pattern of language breakdown into progressive non-fluent aphasia and semantic dementia 3. The behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD)

This weeks reading discussed the brain and many complicated factors that go along with it. The brain has been an important area of study for decades and there are many different perspectives when it comes to how it works. Brain imaging, like what is discussed in the reading provided by Dr. Gordon Rose entitled "Postcards From the Brain" has shown us more information about how the brain works, but it has also led to many perspectives related to how consciousness works, and hard versus easy problems in the brain. It debates whether hard problems even exist. Furthermore, the reading provided, also describes language in a baby's brain, how mimicry works, and disorders throughout human development. These sections all involve slightly different perspectives when it comes to how our mind works.

Aphasia is a language disorder that can be the result of a brain injury. An individual that is suffering from aphasia may experience difficulty speaking, writing, reading, or comprehending. There are three different types of Aphasia that differ in various ways. First, Wernicke’s Aphasia is the inability to grasp the meaning of words and sentences that have been produced by another individual. This type of aphasia is also known as “fluent aphasia” or “receptive aphasia”. Wernicke patients’ speech may come across like a jumble of words or jargon, but it is very well articulated and they have no issue producing their own connected speech. If the patient is consecutively making errors, it is common for them to be unaware of their difficulties, and not realize that their sentences don’t make sense. The severity of the disorder varies depending on the patient, and the disorder results form damage in the left posterior temporal region of the brain, which is also known as Wernicke’s area.

The hypothesis was to explore the extent to which the two halves of the human brain are able to function independently, and whether they have separate and unique abilities. If the information traveling between the two halves of your brain is interrupted, would the right side of your body suddenly be unable to coordinate with the left? If language is controlled by the left side of the brain, how would your ability to speak and understand words be affected by this surgery? Would thinking and reasoning processes exist in both halves separately? If the brain is really two separate brains, would a person be capable of functioning normally when these two brains are no longer able to communicate? Since we receive sensory input from both the right and the left, how would the senses of vision, hearing, and touch be affected? They were trying to answer these questions. They tested patients’ visual abilities, touch simulation, auditory abilities. The methods were used to examine the visual abilities, so the objects that presented on a left side would be invisible to them in the right hemisphere. Meanwhile, if the objects presented on the right side, they would be able to see

Human beings occasionally suffer bad damage to particular parts of their brains. Unfortunately, these injuries may lead to major failure of speech production, understanding language and comprehension which most of the patients suffer it permanently. This impairment is called Aphasia. Gayle (2012) states that people with aphasia fail to understand sentence comprehension although it is a simple sentence. She also mentioned that aphasia patients also have difficulty in reading and understanding speeches. According to Fromkin, Rodman and Hyams (2011), aphasia is a scientific term used to explained language disorder due to brain injuries caused by diseases or trauma. In other words, aphasia involves partial or total loss of the ability to

In my clinic observation done on November 11, 2017, the patient who was being observed was diagnosed with Broca’s Aphasia. There are many different types of aphasia, but Broca’s Aphasia means that the patient has trouble expressing but they still have the abilities to comprehend. Aphasia is commonly found in patients who suffer from traumatic brain injury, often a stroke. Common symptoms of aphasia may include difficulty in producing language, difficulty in understanding language, and the difficulty to read and write. There are a few different types of aphasia and the kind that was observed is Broca’s Aphasia. The most common symptoms for Broca’s Aphasia are the loss of grammar, difficulty forming complete sentences, difficulty to read and

Uncontrolled profanity is found in many neurolinguistics disorders, the most famous is Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (GTS). GTS, which was first identified by Itard and Gilles de la Tourette in the 1800s, is a hyperkinetic motor speech disorder characterized by frequent involuntary “tics,” which are sudden pattern-like movements or sounds. Though it is lesser known than Tourette syndrome, aphasia can also heavily feature profanity. Aphasia is a clinical language impairment resulting from damage to the language centers of the brain, usually following a stroke, but it can also come on slowly from a slow-growing brain tumor. The exact specifics of a particular aphasia depend on the location and severity of the damage. Aphasic individuals have