Apoorva Mandavilli The Lost Girls

1 in 68 people in the US have autism, this includes 1 in 189 girls and 1 in 42 boys. Autism is a difference in perception; technically it’s a developmental disorder that is the result of a difference in brain chemicals. Scientists don’t know what causes autism or why it’s stayed in the human gene pool for so long. People with autism could have a wide variety of symptoms, but some of the most common characteristics are fixations on things they like, reliance on routines,and lack of social skills. Autism can be formally diagnosed at ages as young as 3. There is no medical test to diagnose autism, rather a trained professional in the psychology field will perform a developmental screening and a comprehensive diagnostic evaluation. When a child is diagnosed with autism, therapy is strongly recommended. The earlier treatment starts the better because certain aspects of the disorder can be lessened through therapy. Therapy helps the mind and the body, certain therapies can help rebuild your brain, so to speak.

In the article “The Lost Girls”, Apoorva Mandavilli introduces her argument with the story of a girl with autism who was misdiagnosed nine times. She explains how autism is not as noticeable in females as it is in males. Being misdiagnosed can cause many years of struggle with different professionals and doctors, as it is shown in the young girls that Mandavilli introduces. Mandavilli builds off these young girls’ stories and creates an argument surrounding the issue with misdiagnoses of females with autism. While she writes in an informative tone, her belief is not agreed on with some professionals in the field, so her goal is to convince her audience that the misdiagnosis in the young girls are caused by the limit of information and unknowingness of clinicians. As she builds her argument against clinicians, she uses different literary elements to help persuade the audience. Mandavilli begins her article with a captivating title and assisting subtitles throughout the article to help shape and organize her argument. Her argument consists of factual information along with anecdotes as supporting evidence. In terms of language, she primarily uses descriptive adjectives and tone to expand her argument. In her argument, Mandaviilli uses literary elements in her language to potentially persuade the reader.

Autism spectrum disorders are a class of developmental disorders that impair social skills, behavior, and communication (Center for Disease Control). ASDs are considered ‘spectrum’ disorders because each patient has a unique experience in the nature and severity of their symptoms (Center for Disease Control). Under the umbrella of ASDs, there are three types of disorders, including Autistic disorder, Asperger Syndrome, and Pervasive Developmental Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (Center for Disease Control). Autistic disorder is the most severe of the three, and patients exhibit significant problems with language, communication, and behavior (Center for Disease Control). Furthermore, people with Autistic disorder often have some intellectual impairment (Center for Disease Control). Asperger Syndrome is a milder form of autistic disorder where patients have some developmental delays, but their language and intellect are not affected (Center for Disease Control). The mildest of the ASDs is the pervasive developmental disorder. These patients usually don’t meet all of the criteria for autistic disorder, but do show some signs of social and communication problems (Center for Disease Control). The number of children diagnosed with ASD is growing, and currently 1 in 88 children fall somewhere on the spectrum (Mari-Bauset et al., 2013). Boys are four times more likely than girls to have autism, and while the exact cause of these disorders is unknown, both genetic and

Autism is one of the most common disorders among children in the United States. Autism affects 1 in 68 children (Center for Disease Control, 2014). By comparison, this is more children than are affected by diabetes, AIDS, cancer, cerebral palsy, cystic fibrosis, muscular dystrophy or Down syndrome – combined (Autism Speaks, 2012). Boys are four times more likely to have autism than girls. This disorder typically appears during the first three years of life.

Autism occurs mostly in males ration 4:1. (males:females). In the novel “The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night Time” is about a boy named Christopher Boone who has a case of autism. In this novel Christopher is trying to solve the murder of his friend Mrs. Sheers dog. Christopher shows three different types of autism. Communication, does not like talking to strangers. Behavioural, does not ant normal around other people. Social. Because he does not like things about other people. Christopher Boone has a excellent understanding of his difference from others and displays his three symptoms of autism through his narration.

It is more prevalent in boys than girls and the level of intelligence in the children varies from severe intellectual challenges to above average intellectual ability ( CDC ). With this information from the CDC, one can only deduce that the ability to learn in an educational setting for an ASD student will not be the same for all ASD students. As such, all instructions should be carefully created and presented according to the learning style and intellectual ability of an autistic student. That is to say that the differentiation of academic instruction will vary within a classroom for students with autism. It is not “one size fit all” but individual work for individual

The overall statistics, according to the data from the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, shows that 1 in 68 children in the U.S has autism, 1 in 42 boys have autism while 1 in 189 girls has autism. Autism is so rare in females that, according to an article from the New York Times, they are considered to be “research orphans” because it so difficult to find enough females with the disorder to do a proper research on (Bazelon). Despite the lack of autistic female subject, there has been a lot of differences in the typical behavior of males and females with autism. According to Bazelon, young females tends to do better in behavior than males because they are less likely to set off tantrums and are easier to handle. However, as teenagers, girls tends to suffer from severe depression and anxiety because they are unable to maintain friendship with other females while some autistic males do maintain some friendships with other peers despite their awkwardness. Basically, most teenage females engage in a lot of social networks thus making bonds with typical females a challenge as autistic females do not share the same interests. Males do not face the same difficulties because their expectations are not as high as females. The huge difference of autism in gender is so significant that it even the typical gender roles are somewhat

An experiment was conducted by Kaartinen, Puura, Helminen, Salmelin, Pelkonen, and Juujarvi (2017) to explore whether boys and girls with autism spectrum disorder would display stronger reactive aggression than the boys and girls without autism spectrum disorder. Autism spectrum disorder or ASD is a neurological disorder that affects the functioning of the brain. There are three different types of ASD; autistic disorder also known as "classic autism", Asperger's Syndrome, and pervasive developmental disorder also called "atypical autism". They all have different characteristics, ranging from mild to severe language delays, social and communication challenges, to language or intellectual disabilities. Boys are three to four times more likely to be diagnosed with ASD than girls. This article focuses on

Men and women are often stereotyped. Autistic men and women are no different. Autistic Women are all around the world. Your best friend, roommate, or even siblings can be part of the Autistic Spectrum. You probably won’t even realize how much they struggle to be normal because if they are on the higher end of Autistic Spectrum they can hide their struggles very well. Autism is usually spectated as someone who is not intelligent or doesn’t know personal space. Autistic women do exist but know how to hide it; they are stereotyped as unintelligent but our uniquely smart in many aspects.

The differences between males and females with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) is a topic that has recently become more prevalent. In order to better diagnose, treat, and educate females with ASDs it is vital to understand the differences between the sexes. The dissimilarities between females and males with ASDs range from subtle variances to more obvious. According to Fornbonne (1999,2001), “boys are diagnosed with autism at a 4:1 ratio compared to girls.” Therefore, it is easy to understand why there is much more known about the diagnoses, treatment, and education that a male with autism receives and benefits from. Females with ASDs tend to fly under the radar since they exhibit different symptoms than males. They tend to be underdiagnosed and take longer to receive a diagnoses due to their lack of outward communication and behavior deficits. Parents and professionals have begun to question the 4:1 ratio for boys to girls with autism and wonder if the research studies that include more boys than girls and only take the symptoms of boys with ASDs into consideration may be hindering the ability to identify and treat girls with ASDs earlier. This research paper will explore what is currently known about females with autism, the differences between males and females with autism, the treatment and interventions that girls with autism benefit from,

Autism is a disorder that affects an individual’s neurodevelopment. This disorder as with many other neurological disorders does not discriminate. However, males are more likely to be diagnosed. In a research study that was conducted at the Fond de Reléve Académinque, Université de Lausanne, Swiss National Science Foundation, and Simons Foundation Autism Research Initiative by Sébastien Jacquemont et al. (2014) the ratio of male-to-female is 4:1 and increases to 7:1 for individuals with high functioning ASD

Autism is a disability that affects a large group of people in the United States and throughout the entire world. Autism is also referred to as ASD which is Autism Spectrum Disorder; those how have it usually have a huge difficulty talking or interacting with others. The autism spectrum also includes Asperger syndrome, pervasive development disorder, the what others call just simply autism (Rodriguez). People with autism also have a problem with changing their schedules. While one person not diagnosed can change their schedule so easily, an autistic child would not be able to comprehend the idea and may shut it out or become frustrated. They also have a trouble with properly expressing themselves, it does not mean that they do not have feeling or love things they just show it properly. They are known to have obsessions, they can be fixed on an idea or topic for very long amounts of time (Nordqvist) it’s about 1 out of every 50 kids who are diagnosed with autism (Willingham). Even with that statistic boys are common to have it than girls. These are just of the more common problems people with autism have to deal with.

Autism is a bio-neurological developmental disability. In most cases of autism it is found before three years of age. Autism affects the development of the brain, not so much that the big thing of mush doesn’t grow but people, and kids who have autism struggle with social interactions the most along with many other things, but autism spectrum disorder is found in 1 and 68 children, boys are a lot more likely to get autism it was stated that the boys are 4x more likely to get it

The term ‘autism’ can be dated back to 1911, where it was first used to describe schizophrenia by Paul Bleuler (Khalid et al, 2014). However, more recent research has characterised autism as a lifelong, neurodevelopmental condition, with symptoms appearing as early as the age of three, and although the condition affects four times more females than males, evidence points to the disability affecting males more acutely (Germain et al, 2015). As a developmental disability, autism affects a number of things within an individual, to include, communication abilities, how to effectively relate to others, as well as affecting how to make sense of the world around them, all of which are attainments that would come naturally to neurotypical humans (Germain et al, 2015). Autism, therefore, has been described as being “characterized by impairments in social interaction, communication, and repetitive patterns of behaviour” (Brown and Elder, 2014, p. 219). In the UK, approximately 700,000 people are living with the disability and around 2.8 million people are affected by autism in their lives (The National Autistic Society, 2016). Because autism is a spectrum condition, those who are compounded by it will share certain traits; however, autism will affect them and their abilities in different ways, with individual differences in the patterns of development (Whitman, 2004). Although autism can affect many areas of a person’s life, my research is aimed at looking at one of the core

     Autism is a developmental disability that affects all areas of behavior and perception. Approximately 10 out of every 10,000 children are diagnosed with autism and four out of five are males. Autism is the third most common developmental disability, more common than Down Syndrome. Children with Autism are characterized by impairment in several areas of development such as: Cognitive, Language, Play/Socialization skills and exhibit many challenging behaviors. Behavior Patterns of Autism: