Appendicitis Research Paper

When first attempting anything, there is always going to be some sort of pressure to perform well. Dr. William Nolen, in his short story, “The First Appendectomy”, clearly expresses the stress he endures while performing his first surgery to the reader by his descriptions of the surgery. When he begins the surgery, he shows his first sign of stress, saying “I was ready to begin. Suddenly my entire attitude changed. A split second earlier I had been supremely confident; now, with the knife finally in my hand, I stared down at Mr. Polansky’s abdomen and for the life of me could not decide where to make the incision” (Nolen 147). Though Nolen was confident he could handle the surgery with ease, he ends up uncertain of what he is doing. He is straining

The patient had a sudden onset of lower left quadrant pain and was diagnosed with

An abdominal ultrasound is a useful way of examining internal organs. Because ultrasound images are captured in real time, they can show movement of internal tissues and organs and enable physicians to see blood flow. This can help to diagnose a variety of conditions and to assess damage caused by illness.

Chest and abdominal wounds were nearly always fatal. Treatment of abdominal wounds often involved pushing in protruding organs and suturing the wound. Food was withheld because fecal material leaking from the intestines caused contamination. Opium was often administered to halt the action of the digestive system. Chest wounds were cleaned and the wound was sutured. Abdominal wounds were fatal in almost 90 percent of the cases reported by Union surgeons.

When you’re young, the most common injuries are: a broken arm, a sprained ankle, or a skinned knee and elbow. Not a ruptured appendix. In fact, the chance of developing appendicitis is about seven to fourteen percent. Although it is most prevalent in children and young adults, and one of the most common operations today, it was unfamiliar to my parents.

A 54-year-old man presents acutely with anterior NSTEMI and is treated with PCI (Drug eluting stent) to the LAD and placed on DAPT (aspirin 300mg and ticagrelor 75 mg bd). He subsequently develops abdominal pain, which is confirmed as acute appendicitis on CT scan and is referred by the surgical unit for laparoscopic appendicectomy.

Primary imaging of abdominal emergencies in childhood is a radiograph of the abdomen, followed by ultrasound. Further imaging depends on the results of these studies (17). The normal appendix may be visible with graded-compression sonography and needs to be distinguished from the pathologic appendix (21,23,24,25). Graded compression technique in ultrasound is commonly used to diagnosis appendicitis (Fig1), The patient should be placed in the supine position for the ultrasound examination, and a high-frequency linear array transducer should be applied to the anterior abdominal wall over the area of maximal tenderness. All studies should be performed in both the transverse and longitudinal planes with a technique referred to as "graded compression,"

Ultrasound has become a diagnostic tool used in medicine over the past 40 years. This new imaging tool has helped patients and physicians. It has become commonplace in the medical community to order diagnostic ultrasounds for various conditions including pregnancy, cardiac disease and gastrointestinal diseases. Medicine continues to see many new advances for ultrasound.

Background and Objectives: Perforated appendicitis may occur when appropriate treatment for acute appendicitis is delayed for a number of reasons, including problems with access to health care, failure by the patient to interpret symptoms as important, misdiagnosis and other delays in treatment. We aim in this study to evaluate the time factor in relation to perforated appendicitis to determine if the delay in presentation or the delay in management played a role in progressing of acute appendicitis to perforation of the appendix.

The correlation of US findings with surgical findings in this study showed high US diagnostic performance markers in most of the cases of non traumatic acute abdomen. All the disease entities showed good kappa agreement beyond chance, and they were all statistically significant (P< 0.001) with highest prove in abscess diagnosis (86.0%).

Computed tomography (CT) scan is a non-invasive medical imagery procedure that combines the use of x-rays and computer to generate tomographic parts of the area scanned. CT scan are also referred as CAT scans and they produce detailed images of structures inside the body such as internal organs and bones. CT scans can be used for treatment, diagnose and monitor condition. CT scans in screening and diagnosis are to detect cancer, determine whether a cancer has spread throughout the body or returned to the body after the treatment, and to determine effects of heart attack or myocardial infection on areas of the heart. Identify areas of the heart muscles that would benefit from a procedure such as angioplasty or coronary artery bypass surgery.

The clinical presentation is a severe right lower quadrant pain, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, fever, or constipation. Therefore, during a good physical examination, it is important to rule out by looking for positive psoas signs and rebound tenderness. Appendicitis is a medical emergency which requires immediate surgery to remove the appendix before burst, or eventually perforate into the abdominal cavity that can be fetal if left untreated (Singer, Thode & Singer, 2016).

In some cases, ultrasound is a great technique in detecting and diagnosing acute appendicitis. In other cases, CT is a more precise and accurate tool. There is variation in the accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of US, but accuracy seems to be higher when performed by a skilled and experienced radiologist. US does have some advantages over CT in diagnosing, and it is an accurate tool in diagnosing acute appendicitis in pregnant women. However, the most accurate results seem to come from the combined use of US and CT, or MRI alone. Lastly, there are better treatment outcomes when a clinical scoring system is used with US.

Appendectomy the surgical removal of the small pouch attached to the beginning of your large intestine when you have a cube out of appendicitis is one of the most common emergency abdominal surgeries. the appendix is a small finger shape organ that comes out of the first part of the large intestine, it needs to be removed when it becomes swollen and infected, If the appendix is not removed it can leak bacteria and infect the entire abdomen area which can be very life threatening.

This is agree with other studies which showed that 29% of appendices which were thought to be macroscopically normal were found to be inflamed on subsequent histologic examination(19). Other studies reach the same conclusions, Champault et al suggest that the accuracy of laparoscopy in diagnosing appendicitis is 92%, supporting the fact that some degree of error remains even with direct visualization (20). Chiarugi et al. in a retrospective review of the charts of 48 adults in whom appendectomy was performed in absence of macroscopic pathological findings and the histopathological reports showed pathological changes in 41 % of the patients. The authors therefore recommended that appendectomy should be done in every case(21). Ekeh et al. recommended this decision in the absence of an alternate pathology during laparoscopy. Furthermore, in 9.9 % of the appendectomy for “normal” appendices, histopathological signs of appendicitis were found. However they presented a retrospective analysis that dealt with adult patients(22). In their review, Morrow and Newman recommended removing the appendix in either case when laparoscopy was performed for right iliac fossa pain as the costs were higher, and they compare this against the risk of missing appendicitis and the quandary of what to do with patients with recurrent