Application Of Science And Technology

Finding and looking at a found universal serial bus (USB) dongle (Figure 1) may be a way to snoop at a stranger’s personal belongs, or an attempt to return the property back to the original owner. However, these USB dongles can pose numerous potential hazards to a PC/Laptop/Network environment. Some of these hazards are the injection of Trojan viruses and worms that can cripple a corporate network via injection of other viruses or the introduction of accesses for outsides.

My research Is on security measures to the software to hardware computer interfaces. Trying to find out the difficulties of cyber security I have usable security, software security and hardware security to relate the cybercrime issues. I have to implement new ways to stop the computer related crimes of software and hardware.

Russon, M. (2014, June 10). Forget Software Vulnerabilities, Hardware Security Must Improve Before It's Too Late. International Business Times RSS. Retrieved July 12, 2014, from http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/forget-software-vulnerabilities-hardware-security-must-improve-before-its-too-late

As such, he introduces a technique of identifying a spectrum of potential vulnerabilities and suggests procedures to deal with them. Systems Specification and High Order Language Implementation are categorized as items of high risk to attacks. Security Policy and Machine Language Implementation are classified as items of moderate risk of being vulnerable to attacks. Circuits Electronics and Device Physics are of low and very low risks respectively. He also discusses potential threats such as deceiving operating systems to grant access to file or data to unauthorized users through direct (overt) and indirect (convert) channels. Walker also says that lack of precise definition of trusted operating systems and the higher cost of building them are the significant drawbacks faced by the vendors. Vendors are concerned that if they build trusted operating systems, they might not be accepted by their customers. The only solution suggested by the author was to have someone or a company builds it, shares the technology used, and convinces the general public on the significance of it. Once it becomes accepted, then there will be a widespread use of trusted computer operating systems.

The first is a keyed Logic Built-In Self-Test (LBIST), One possibility to mitigate the dopant-level Trojans is to make the initial state of the Pseudo-Random Pattern Generator (PRPG) dependant on a configurable key. The PRPG needs to be adapted to generate test patterns based on an initialization value, which is derived from the key. Another way to mitigate the dopant-level Trojans is to modify LBIST so that it uses a different set of test patterns at each test cycle by using a centralized remote test management system, which monitors all end-point devices in the same network ("Two Countermeasures Against Hardware Trojans Exploiting Non-Zero Aliasing Probability of BIST,"

Today, security devices such as Firewall, IDS are used on the many organization's networks for preventing security attacks. But, these devices can only diagnose illegitimate traffic and prevent it. They cannot prevent attacks which are as a result of the network devices vulnerabilities in the switches, routers, and etc. A malicious user who is within the network can implement many attacks by using these vulnerabilities. This paper explains the kind of existing vulnerabilities in Cisco switches and methods of preventing these attacks from

Two of the common known attacks on computing systems are the deployment of computer viruses and malware.

To begin, security is now becoming a more contentious issue in developed nations as globalization begins to gain momentum. Cyber security in particular is now entering the forefront of popular conversation as it is now becoming a threat to security. With the advent of the internet, possible threats arise from seemingly everywhere. The internet provides nearly unlimited amounts of access points for individuals to steal or corrupt data. The same is true for high tech components in automobiles. Undoubtedly many of these components will be used to provide luxury or value added services to consumers. These services might include streaming video within the auto mobile, the ability to access the internet, GPS, or other internet based technologies. As these technologies become more ubiquitous, the threat of a security breach or hack becomes more profound. As such, proper measures must be taken to insure the safety of the both the manufacturer and the consumer (Mack, 2013).

Notwithstanding, ruptures of physical security can be completed with almost no specialized learning from an invader. In addition, mishaps and characteristic fiascos are a piece of regular life, and in the long haul, are inescapable. At the point when considering and inquiring about Information Security, there are diverse rings of security to consider. A standout amongst the most vital element to consider is physical security. One of the slightest specialized systems for data security misuse is the breaking of the physical security ring. Abusing the physical security of any organization requires negligible, if any, specialized learning from the gatecrasher.

Working of Hardware based Security.Hardware based security is provided by a gadget which allows a user to create admin privileges through manual actions. The gadget uses biometric identification to keep malicious users from signing in, logging out, and changing admin privileges. The state of the gadget users is read by the hard disk controller device. Any illegal access by a hacker or a malicious program is

Security at hardware level is a new trend in security industry; it will accelerate the security at the processor and chip-set level (Vaquero, Rodero-Merino and Moran, 2011:112). Antivirus solution with Computers and Hardware will eliminate antivirus and Firewall security solutions industry. (Bruce Schneier accessed January/9 2013). Intel is planning to move computer security to the hardware level from its current software level, by incorporating security features onto their chips and processors (MEED 2010).This will also hit the IT Security devices market.

One scenario the authors describe is the replacement of the physical computer system with an identical one that will transmit keystrokes back to the attack who has the original machine (Türpe, Poller, Steffan, Stotz, & Trukenmüller, 2009). In this scenario the attacker gains access by learning the user’s PIN from the user’s own keystrokes and actions. In a second scenario, the authors describe what they call a “plausible recovery” (Türpe, Poller, Steffan, Stotz, & Trukenmüller, 2009). In this scenario, the attacker modifies BitLocker on the target system creating a backdoor for later access (Türpe, Poller, Steffan, Stotz, & Trukenmüller, 2009). BitLocker will discover this unauthorized modification (Türpe, Poller, Steffan, Stotz, & Trukenmüller, 2009). The attacker hopes that the user will attempt a TPM recovery to resolve the modification (Türpe, Poller, Steffan, Stotz, & Trukenmüller, 2009). If the user attempts this recovery the attacker’s backdoor will record the recovery code used in the recover process (Türpe, Poller, Steffan, Stotz, & Trukenmüller, 2009). The attacker can then visit the target machine at a later time to recover the recovery code to gain access to the user’s system and data (Türpe, Poller, Steffan, Stotz, & Trukenmüller, 2009). An Additional scenario the authors describe is the preemptive modification (Türpe, Poller, Steffan, Stotz, & Trukenmüller, 2009). In this scenario, the attacker has

In the first and second page, the authors addressed out the articles aims to help IC designers to build less risk IC boards. “Hardware vulnerabilities can also result from design mistakes, often because the designer does not sufficiently understand security problems,” the authors point out that not only software, but also hardware will cause the vulnerabilities, and designers must understand the methods how to measure, design, and find the weaknesses. Moreover, some jargon was used in the article. For example, in the “Vulnerabilities from design mistakes and CAD tools” section, the authors introduced the CAD tools as “used extensively in logic synthesis, DFT insertion, placement and routing, and so on.” (4) It was hard to understand what it is if readers did not have the basic knowledge

There are 3 types of system development methodologies as mentioned in Task 1. We choose Agile System Development Methodology and Waterfall System Development Methodology.

For over 10 years, Dallas Semiconductor also has been designing, making, and selling a line of highly secure microprocessors that are used in satellite TV descramblers, automatic teller machines, point-of-sale terminals, and other similar applications requiring cryptographic security and high resistance to attack by hackers. The U.S. Postal Service's (USPS) Information Based Indicia Program Postal Security Device Specification, intended to permit printing of valid U.S. postage on any PC, provided the first opportunity to combine two areas of expertise when a secure microprocessor was designed into an iButton the resulting product, named