Application Of Temporary Magnet Generators For Wind Systems

According to a study by Archer and Jacobson, the wind power potential provided by just the windiest 13% of the planet’s land area is five times the power that we currently use – 72 terawatts (Archer, Jacobson, 2004). However, while the

Fig. 5.6. Adding the current limiter to the VSI control: (a) grid voltages, grid currents; and (b) dc-link voltage under an SLG-voltage sag at MV side of the transformer.

With multiple wind turbines placed in the same location, wind farms are created, generating large amounts of electricity. Currently in the United States, wind farms account for about 5% of its electricity demand. The wind farms are roughly about 66 gigawatts of installed capacity, enough to power 17 million homes. With gigawatt output increasing annually, the United States remains one of the top producers of wind energy.

Although wind power is completely free and will never be depleted, a concern shared by many is the sheer impossibility of sustaining the wind. Because of this inconsistency and the ever-changing speeds of wind, power is producing at varying levels. Also, wind turbines have a certain “envelope” in which they operate. According to the author of the website mentioned above, this range is from 10 to 33 miles per hour. A

Wind power is harnessed using wind turbines, which transforms the energy into electrical power. Wind turbines are typically designed either on a horizontal-axis or a vertical-axis. According to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, “horizontal-axis wind turbines have either two or three long blades that collect the energy in the wind and convert it to electricity.” Additionally, “the blades spin when the wind blows over them and the energy of motion contained in the

As a result, the equation would be p1A1v1 = pAv = p2A2v2 because there is both the upward and downward values as continuous flow, so they are equal. This can then be written as P = (p1A1v12 - p2A2­v22)v because the previous equations can be plugged into the power function so that the actual power that the wind turbines can produce can be found. The power then becomes the rate of kinetic in minus the kinetic out or P = ½p1A1v13 – ½p2A2v23 . Afterward, combining this equation with v = (v1 +v2)/2, which is then the average of the two different values above, gives the equation of P = (¼)pA(v13 – v23 + v12v2 - v1v23). Finally, to find the maximum power one can simplify this down by actually multiplying the values to arrive at Pmax = (16/27) ½pAv13 . Once again Betz coefficient is used because this allows us to use the derivatives to simplify the equations. Leaving the equation for the maximum of power to be Pmax = (16/27½pAv13).

Deal, 2010, ‘Wind Power: An Emerging Energy Resource’, Technology and Engineering Teacher, pp. 9-15, viewed on September 12, 2011, retrieved from: http://search.proquest.com/docview/853062621/fulltextPDF/13255EC175479D10C7A/1?accountid=42518

Wind power is still the most promising renewable energy in the year of 2013. The wind turbine system (WTS) started with a few tens of kilowatt power in the 1980s. Now, multi megawatt wind turbines are widely installed even up to 6–8 MW. There is a widespread use of wind turbines in the distribution networks and more and more wind power stations, acting as power plants, are connected directly to the transmission networks. As the grid penetration and power level of the wind turbines increase steadily, the wind power starts to have significant impacts to the power grid system. Therefore, more advanced generators, power electronic systems, and control solutions have to be introduced to improve the characteristics of the wind power plant and make it more suitable to be integrated into the power grid. Meanwhile, there are also some emerging technology challenges, which need to be further clarified and investigated. The global electrical energy consumption is still rising and there is a steady demand to increase the power capacity. The production, distribution and the use of the energy should be as technological efficient as possible and incentives to save energy at the end-user should be set up. The deregulation of energy has lowered the investment in larger power plants, which means the need for new electrical power sources may be very high in the near future. Two major technologies will play important roles to solve the future problems.

Wind energy can be stored by battery, pumped-hydro equipment, and other devices. Wind turbines are also often connected to a utility, which provides back-up electricity when needed.

Wind force is still the most encouraging renewable energy in the year of 2013. The wind turbine system (WTS) began with a few tens of kilowatt power in the 1980s. Now, multi megawatt wind turbines are widely installed even up to 6–8 MW. There is a widespread use of wind turbines in the distribution networks and more and more wind power stations, acting as power plants, are connected directly to the transmission networks. As the grid penetration and power level of the wind turbines increase steadily, the wind power starts to have significant impacts to the power grid system. Therefore, more advanced generators, power electronic systems, and control solutions have to be introduced to improve the characteristics of the wind power plant and make it more suitable to be integrated into the power grid. Meanwhile, there are also some emerging technology challenges, which need to be further clarified and investigated. The global electrical energy consumption is still rising and there is a steady demand to increase the power capacity. The production, distribution and the use of the energy should be as technological efficient as possible and incentives to save energy at the end-user should be set up. The deregulation of energy has lowered the investment in larger power plants, which means the need for new electrical power sources may be very high in the near future. Two major technologies will play important roles to solve the future problems.

This dispatchability is important as it allows supply to increase or decrease quickly according to changes in demand. For example, to ramp up to daily peak load in the evening, or to back up supply after a fault in another generator.

Mankind for more than 2000 years have been using the wind power for a variety of different applications. The first application was when they started to put sails into the wind, and then other applications took place such as windmills to grind grains and wind-powered pumps to pump water. Prof. James Blyth was the first one who built a windmill for the production of electricity. He installed a 10m high wind turbine from cloth in his garden in order to produce electricity for his holiday cottage. It is important to define and renewable energy and distinguish it from finite energy. Renewable is the energy that is obtained from the continuing or repetitive currents of energy occurring in the natural environment and is naturally replenished, while finite or non-renewable energy is defined as the energy that is obtained from static store that does not renew itself and remain bound unless released by human interaction (Fig.2) (Twidell, Wier 1998). This takes wind to be a renewable or alternative energy method that can be served as an alternative way to generate electricity.

Wind farms u are usually comprised of many wind turbines that are individually connected to the electric energy transmission networks. Wind is known to be the cheapest electric energy source compared to other sources like coal the gas plants. The offshore wind is usually stronger and stronger than inland. The offshore farms also have less of an illustration effect but the maintenance and construction costs are regarded to be great (Association, 2015). Smaller onshore farms of wind can feed some power to the grid and give electric energy to the remote off-grid areas. Wind energy provides a changeable power that is very reliable from one year to another but that with important difference over scales of a shorter time. It’s used in combination with additional sources of electric energy to provide a consistent supply.

Indiscriminant application of individual distributed generators can cause as many problems as it may solve. better way to realize emerging potential of distributed generation is to take system approach which views generation, associated loads as subsystem or “microgrid”. This approach allows for local control of distributed generation thereby reducing or eliminating need for central dispatch. During disturbances, generation, corresponding loads can separate from distribution system to isolate

Task 1. Data Collection and Analysis: The first task to accomplish the goals of the project is to collect high quality data that consist of the wind velocity field and profile, wind turbine’s dynamic responses and the power production. Due to the wind velocity fluctuation or high intensity turbulence which is an important characteristic of the wind in atmospheric boundary layer, the rotor and the tower of a wind turbine normally experience extensive fluctuating dynamic loads. Because of the randomness nature of these fluctuations, limitations in numerical simulations and scale related issues in laboratory tests, field wind data collection is super beneficial for scientific evolution of wind turbines. During the last years, a high quality remote system is introduced and implemented by wind energy developers to capture the wind data in-front of the wind