CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
A. Background
Nowadays, English becomes an international language which is used in many aspects of life, whether in daily life or in professional work. Many people now aware of the important of English and begin to join an English course. In spite of General English that teaches English as a whole, there is also English for Specific Purposes (ESP) that teaches English only in a restricted area of the target situation. ESP is described as the teaching of English used in academic studies or the teaching of English for vocational or professional purposes.
However, to make the learning of ESP successful, teacher should make a course design that suitable with the learners’ need and goal. In choosing the best course
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Based on its systematic model, it engenders false belief that learning is systematic - that the systematic analysis and presentation of language data will produce systematic learning.
The fact that knowledge has been systematically analyzed and systematically presented doesn’t in any way imply that it will be systematically learnt. Learners have to make the system meaningful to themselves.
It gives no acknowledgment to factors which must inevitably play a part in the creation of any course.
Data which is produced by need analysis is not important before it is interpreted. And in interpreting, we make use of all sorts of knowledge that are not revealed in the analysis. In language-centred approach, the analytical model is also being used inappropriately as a predictive model - an analysis of what happens in a particular situation is being used to determine the content of pedagogic syllabuses and materials. But there are other factors that will influence these activities. For example, one of the primary principles of good pedagogic materials is that they should be interesting. Thus, if the materials are based on the language-centred model, either there are other factors being used, which are not acknowledge in the model, or, these learning factors are not considered to be important.
Its analysis of target situation data is only at the surface level.
It reveals very little about the competence that underlies the
I agree Ashoke and Gogol had nothing in common. Gogol was disappointed with the gift from his father even though Ashoke did the necessary to get a hard copy for Gogol. This book was very important for Ashoke because he waited four months just to arrive. I think the book has a sentimental affection once you read it.
The three-week introduction to instructional design (changed from two weeks) for the four department heads can be produced and taught in three months at a proposed cost of $40340 (or approximately 50808 less 20%). The technology includes the in-house learning management system along with audio/video (a/v) design beginning with a prototype. Based on this examination, this project can expand the effectiveness and efficiency of instruction at Ged’s World.
ESL is stands for English as a Second Language, which is a program that?s mainly developed to supplement the Bilingual Education in order to give extra help to the immigrants to learn English. ?The profession of teaching English as a second language within the United States began to expand in the 1960s in response to increasing numbers of immigrant and refugee children entering the country, as well as to the growing numbers of international students attending U.S. universities? (Collier and Ovando, 1998). Students in the ESL program receive the instruction of their level of English proficiency, so they can learn the English from the very basic level. Once they get better with their English skills, they will be able to move out the ESL program and be as competitive as the native speakers of English in other subject classes. The first decades of ESL programs fails to help students with academic work in math, science, social studies, and other curricular areas but English. In order to improve this situation, ESL programs started to focus more in helping students with their academic works during the 1950s and 1960s (Collier and Ovando, 1998).
One major reason that college athletes should not be paid money for athletic performance is that it would result in unfair recruiting processes for aspiring universities. As college basketball and football already is, people have already received illegal payments to attend a college so that coaches and universities can assemble a super team so that they can obtain championships for their school. In an article published on ESPN by Mitch Sherman, he thoroughly investigated all of the possible recruiting scandals in college basketball and he accredited the money being offered to these people: “34 of the most premier programs in college basketball out of the 351 Division I basketball programs have offered a sum of at least $10,000 to NBA prospects
A full range of services are provided to meet individual needs. One of these services, English as a Second Language, provides support in general education classrooms for students whose first language is not English. The English Language Learning (ELL) Program utilizes various instructional models where students work within a classroom setting, in small groups or individually
This paper will discuss the ESL students and the programming that must be implemented in order to have an effective contributing outcome. ESL students are defined as people whose first born language is not English. However, not all ESL students are immigrants, according to Alberta Education (2007) there are two main groups of ESL learners; Canadian – born and the second is termed as Foreign –born.
Classes in ESL Services are designed for their students’ needs and the faculty helps them to achieve their English goals. The English Language Program (ELP) has not been fully developed. The class I observed is just beginning to incorporate the needs of non-English speaking students due to the need of ESL students. A teacher assists 4 students.
Students explore the idea that anyone can publish on the Internet, so not all sites are equally trustworthy. They need to carefully evaluate the sites they use for research, and then decide which ones they can trust.
Inclusive Classrooms” by Sally Spencer from Interdisciplinary Journal of Teaching and Learning because it focused on a population of students that is near and dear to my heart, special needs students. In the article, the author looks at using universal design for learning (UDL) as a tool for planning motivating and engaging lessons in inclusive classrooms.
The new English and EAL study design received most intense debate as they are the only primary core units that are compulsory for every VCE students. While local educators proposed for a more practical approach to the new English/EAL curriculum with stronger emphasis on speaking, reading and creativity in students’ use of the language instead of focus on essay based text response and final exam. However, state policy makers prefered to remain the strong academic focus in the new curriculum and ensure all students reach a certain level of academic standard through SAC (school assessed coursework) and final exam. This essay will discuss the essence of a good curriculum and then compare those two different approaches by review a number of academic literature in order to discuss similarity, strength and weakness of both approaches. The last part of this essay will discuss how the new EAL curriculum balance between the two style of approaches and potential implication teachers and schools can draw from the implementation of new EAL study design.
CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RL.K.4: vocabulary enhancing standard. Students will be able to identify unknown (new) words found in a text and know them
For reasons of space and focus this essay will concentrate on what has historically been the most important branch of ESP, namely English for Academic purposes.[1] The role of the EAP teacher does have significant areas of overlap with that of a general English teacher, (or with any other kind of teacher) but there are differences and these are pointed out. The question of content knowledge is a thorny issue but a hard line is argued here. I assert that discipline specific knowledge is not necessary for an
In the 21st century, a data, and technology driven culture requires the knowledge of numbers, shapes, data, and symbols to organize, interpret, and assess quantitative information. In short, informed members of society know and do mathematics. These concepts drive the Colorado’s Department of Education (CDE) 21st century skills of collaboration, self-direction, invention, information literacy, critical thinking, and reasoning. Colorado’s educational standards are set to ensure that all children are acquiring and graduating with the skills and knowledge needed to be successful in today’s world (Colorado Department of Education, 2015).
The art of teaching English as a second language is a natural and intrinsic blend of the student, the facilitator and the four language skills.
With the development of living standard in society, studying aboard has become more and more popular. Not only because of English as the world language is an agent to connect countries, but also speaking English fluently will be beneficial for the future personal development. In order to study oversea smoothly, the first step is to go through the language--English. Generally speaking, English has been divided into two different types according to the purposes which are English for Academic Purpose (EAP) and General English (GE). It is obvious that EAP teaches the knowledge which will be suitable for a higher education whereas GE is mainly focus on daily communications. Therefore, the teaching style or perhaps teacher’s role in the class is also different. In this essay, the writer will illustrate two different classifications by Harmer and Scrivener, after compare and contrast the two the teacher’s role, the writer will select one of the classification and justify it. Finally, the chosen classification will be put into practice ( justifying with the radios provided).