Architecture During The 19th Century

Architecture has proven to be an important part of society and culture in both art history, and human history. Art is created to reflect the values of the society that creates it, and architecture is no different. Each piece of architecture can be identified by certain characteristics that makes it a part of a specific culture. Both the Great Stupa at Sanchi, located in central India, and the Parthenon, located in Greece, are examples of architecture that share similar characteristics, however can be specified to their location and time period because of their differences. The Great Stupa at Sanchi and the Parthenon, although created for different purposes, proved to be important because of its functionality to society.

Question 1. Choose an architect or practice whose work is covered by or relevant to this course and discuss critically one or more of their design projects or drawings or urban proposals as precedent case-studies. Selectively situate this work in relation to their body of work, and against the practices and concerns of the period. Focus on the architectural qualities of a specific key aspect of the design of the projects. Selectively consider how they might relate to the historical situation, cultural values, theoretical concerns and design practices of the time. This may involve a selective analysis of compositional design practices, material fabrication production and the experiential reception of built outcomes of the projects.

Some of the causes of the expansion to the West in late 1900, where the overflowing population, to escape poverty, fleeing the law, fleeing from the religious oppression. Americans were mainly farmers who needed arable land for their crops and livestock, land that was not available in the overcrowded and farmed-out east. There were, as well, financial panics (in 1818 and 1839) that uprooted people and sent them west seeking a fresh start. The West offered a new start for Americans needing more land for livestock and crops. In the search for new opportunities. Entire families left their homes behind just carrying their belongings in wagons, with the dreams

The history of Architecture started long time ago. The nomadic were groups of people whom move from one place to another in order find shelter and food to survive. As they progress, their techniques to survive evolve. The need for a permanent shelter became vital for a better stability of the group. This is the time when the first structures that provided protection appeared. Post and lintel were the first forms of Architecture, that satisficed the basic needs. Architecture evolved to be more sophisticated and fulfill the people’s needs. Consequently, Architecture evolved throughout different periods such as: Ancient architecture, Romanesque, The medieval, Renaissance, Early modern, and the industrial age, Modernism and Contemporary

In this essay I am aim to explore Pugin’s dissent from tradition through his ideas, inspiration, and his most important works and their meaning. To dissent from tradition is to defy a stultifying tradition or convention, which leads to new, daring styles (Richardson, McKellar, Woods, 2008, p.109). The ‘traditional’ architectural style in the early 19th Century, in Great Britain was classicism, inspired by ancient Greece and associated with democracy as well as with the French revolution (Richardson, McKellar, Woods, 2008, p. 112). Pugin, called this classical style ‘the new square style’ (Figure 4.7, in Richardson, McKellar, Woods, 2008, p.123) and argued that it lacked authenticity of Great Britain (Richardson, McKellar, Woods, 2008, p.

The Industrial Revolution was the time period between the 18th and 19th centuries, during which many urban and rural became more advanced and industrial. During the Industrial Revolution, many different resources such as timber, coal, steel, iron, and oil were discovered, which helped create many different tools and improved many processes. Steel is one of the resources that helped in the advancement of bridges, and hugely impacted society. Before bridges were made out of steel, they were made out of iron. However, bridges made of iron did not prove to be as strong and effective as those made of steel, which are more durable and a longer span. The first steel bridge to be constructed was the Eads Bridge, which stretches from St. Louis to East St. Louis, Chicago. The construction of the Eads bridge started in February 1868 and it opened on July 4, 1874 (“St. Louis Historic Preservation”). Not only are steel bridges less costly, but they have also impacted society by improving

The Capitol building was a place in Williamsburg that was wear laws were made and a place where people who broke laws would go to be tried. This place was very crucial to the colonist since the building was the location where the House of Burgesses met, made laws, and talked about government. The building deserves the coin since many important laws were made here. In the 18th century many people could have been put to death in trials about robbery, treason, murder and many other cases.

One of the most recognized architectural movements are the modern movements which comprise of the International Style, Art Deco Style, and Moderne Style. Modern Movements occurred between 1925 and 1950. Out of the three styles of architecture, International Style has been selected for this art analysis. The International Style of Architecture occurred between 1920s and 1930s, and it is characterized by starkly unornamented rectangular shapes which are very different from the traditional forms of architecture. The reason why International Style of architecture has been chosen for analysis in this paper is the fact that the rectangular shapes used in constructing the style have been punctuated with bands of windows which depict the modern purpose

As a concept 1920s and 1930s Art Deco architecture was particularly hard to define. It can be referred to as a decorative style that was new and innovative, as well as one that drew heavily on influences of the past. A closer look shows a bit of everything, Art Deco was able to take almost every movement, compress and reimagine them into a unity of their individual traits. The one thing that persists in all Art Deco architecture was its ability to usher in an era of new materials that were developed specifically for the decorative arts, interior decoration, and exterior building construction. Materials such as concrete, steel framing, terra cotta, flexwood, wood veneers, metal-steel framing, plate glass, and glass blocks proved to be exceedingly versatile within this style. While new materials such as stainless steel and

The nature of urban and market development during the mid 19th century transformed America’s society and culture in many ways. During 1810 to 1860 many creations would affect our means of transportation, communication, and technology (Schultz, K. M., 2013). These new inventions brought about economic and social changes that made the exchange of goods and services much easier. In the early 1800’s it was known that there was a great need for dependable and timely transportation of goods, so several states used tax dollars to fund new canals, toll roads, steamboats and the railroad. Between 1810 to 1850 transportation had significantly increased so much that one could take the railroad and would arrive at their destination within days. Another

The first wrought iron gate was manufactured in the 18th century and was made for a cathedral. The priest who didn't want a fence at all said that if there had to be one, he wanted it made from wrought iron over any other material.

Poor people were stuck in the ghettos of new York and had great trouble trying to leave

Photography generated a sentiment of art because it could stop time in a single frame. “The best thing about a picture is that it never changes, even when the people in it do.” (Warhol, 1975)  was something stated in Andy Warhol’s loosely formed autobiography. A perfect example of this is the series of prints that were taken by Eadward Muybridge in the 19th century, called The Horse in Motion (Fig 9). These photographs were taken to prove that the horse fully left the ground when it ran. This displayed the beginning of the truth within art, these snap shots of daily life could settle certain debates like, what falls faster between a plate or a glass. There is clear influence from cubist painting within photography, research has found that Pablo Picasso's, Le Guitariste (Fig 10) is similar to another Paul Strand photograph From the Ei, 1915, where the painters were breaking form

In 1863, one of the greatest innovations was opened in London, this innovation created a way for tens of thousands to travel into the city of London and surrounding Burroughs. This Innovation was called the Tubes or Underground Railroad. Prior to this the streets of London were overcrowded and was becoming dismal. People struggled to find adequate living areas, and access to clean running water and working sewage. But with this marvelous innovation that created a society that began to thrive and that is now one of this biggest tourist destinations and governmental epicenters.

The term “Mid-Century Modern” is used to broadly describe a style of architecture and furniture design that was prominent during the post-World War II years.