Arctic Ice Disputes: Another Cold War

As tensions continued to augment profoundly throughout the latter half of the Cold War period, they brought forth a movement from a previous bipolar conflicting course, to one of a more multipolar nature. These tensions were now not only restricted to the Soviet Union and United states, but amongst multiple other nations of the globe. It became a general consensus that a notion of ‘peace’ was sought globally, hence, the emergence of détente. The nature of this idea in the short term conveyed itself to be an act of change for the conflicting nations, however, in the long term it proved to be a blatant continuity, ultimately acting as a ‘mechanism for domestic fortification’ which prompted a more divisive tone. It became apparent that by the prime 1970’s Cold War countries were now seeking a state of relaxation in political and international tension, détente, through measures of diplomacy and negotiation. Actions, influences and treaties such as the Helsinki Final Act of 1975, the establishment of SALT 1, the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty of 1972 and the Shanghai Communique of 1972 evidently help reinforce that the concept of détente brought a period focused on lessening the tensions of international relations and ultimately achieve political relation for the future of the Cold War, although the success and impact of this era is abhorred by many historians who have concluded that détente didn’t activate any positive changes to the cold war, and was conclusively a failure.

Brands' purpose for writing this book was to inform the reader of actions taken before, during, and after the Cold War. After World War II, the United States and Russia were the only two remaining world powers. Each had a conflicting method of government, which ultimately led to the Cold War. The two superpowers were at the center of attention for the better part of

The Cold War was a “competition” between the Soviet Union and the United States of America, occurring from approximately 1945 through 1991. The Cold War received its name because it did not evolve into armed warfare or physical conflict. The 46-year-long war began immediately after the conclusion of World War II. Some believe it was Joseph Stalin who started it by saying, “He hated westerners in the same way as Hitler hated Jews.” In contrast, others believe that it was America who had started the war, by stating, “Among democratic countries it was only in the USA that presidents were elected against communism.” To others, the bombing of Hiroshima, which took place on August 6, 1945, sent a signal to the Soviets that the USA had used the atomic bomb on Japan, and would not hesitate using it on other countries. The war, characterized by the icy relationship between the two countries, included a number of aspects: the economic impact on both sides, the Space Race, the strong military coalitions, the sophisticated weapons development, and the steep financial costs. The Cold War ended in 1991, during Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev’s tenure. Gorbachev introduced Glasnost, the allowing of western goods to be imported, and perestroika, the easing of the government’s control on the economy. The reality set in that the Cold War was over when the Soviet Union dissolved into 15 separate and independent countries

Daisaku Ikeda, a spiritual leader for Japan once commented, ‘Japan learned from the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki that tragedy wrought by nuclear weapons must never be repeated and that humanity and nuclear weapons cannot coexist.’ The world has experienced the bombings of Japan, of Pearl Harbor and the conflict of the Cold War, but even with these conflicts present in our history, warning us of the effects, these meaning have not carried through into society today. Currently in the Middle East, we are witnessing the elements of a modern day cold war starting to appear. Israel and Iran have been in arguments and disagreements about nuclear weaponry since 2012. Their different religious view and ideologies has flourished into more than a religious tension but that of a modern day cold way.

For almost 15 years the U.S. has been in a constant state of war. Various terrorist organizations, from al-Quade, to the Taliban, and now Islamic State in Iraq and Syria (ISIS) have maintained our focus so much so that we have almost forgotten about prior threats. Ten years prior to the start of the conflict in the Middle East, the Cold War had officially concluded, ending almost 45 years of server political and military tensions between the U.S. and Russian following WWII. During this period of time, Russia was the central focus of the U.S., although China and North Korea also posed a significant threat. While terrorist threats and activates remain a significant threat, Russia recent annexation of Crimea proves that they are still a very

Taking place right after World War II (WWII), the Cold War was a “bloodless” war that was based off of both the United States and Soviet Union’s political views, taking place between the years 1947 to 1991. Miniscule physical battles took place under each’s command, but neither side had ever fought one another directly. The conflict remained nonviolent for the most part, affecting each nation and their allies in a plethora of ways possible. Events had occurred due to the actions and beliefs of others, creating a domino effect to fall within the States. As a result of this, the Cold War served as a turning point in the United State’s history, affecting all areas economically, socially, and politically.

At the close of World War Two in 1945, the United States entered another kind of war, the Cold War, which did not involve two adversaries in open battle fields using bullets against the Soviet Union. Throughout the Cold War, incidents fueled feelings of anxiety, mistrust and pride.

The Cold War, which is often dated from 1945 to 1989, was a constant state of political and military tension between powers in the West, dominated by the United States with NATO among its allies, and powers in the East, dominated by the Soviet Union along with the Warsaw Pact. The development of Nuclear Weapons and long range shooting missiles by the United States gave a lot of fear and caused mass destruction. The Cold War came about after World War II when America used their atomic bombs on Japan. America fearing of a communist attack, and Soviet Russia disliking capitalism. The Cold War described a world where the two major powers, each possessing nuclear weapons and threatened with equally assured destruction. The development of a Civil Defense policy in the United States promised citizens survival opportunities in the event of a nuclear attack. This lesson connects this 1950’s policy with today’s national policy regarding survival during a biological or chemical terrorist attack.

In A Separate Peace written during the Cold War primarily but set primarily in 1942 during World War 11, John Knowles presents a novel that looks at the positives and negatives of war and what it takes for young men to prepare to become soldiers. The novel portrays a man by the name of Gene Forrester who goes back to Devon, his hometown, and has a flashback on his high school years recalling how everything used to be. The flashbacks of his high school years start when he enters Devon School. He reminisces on what the school previously looked like, to what it looks like currently. The school was not modernized; it was just polished up. He thought it would have been worn out and falling apart, but instead it was really well taken care of, and

When Randy picks up Helen and her children, he notices that his niece and nephew are far more accepting of nuclear annihilation then the older generation. He tells Helen, "Maybe one day I 'll get conditioned. I 'll accept things, like the children" (Frank 85). Randy is commenting on the effect that the political climate of the time has on the children. Frank wrote the novel in the 1950 's, a time when the U.S. was engaged in the Cold War with the Soviet Union. Most likely, Peyton and Benjamin grew up surrounded by discussion and predictions of nuclear warfare. Today 's children have grown up in a post 9/11 world similarly surrounded by fear mongering. Like Peyton and Benjamin, we have grown up in an era that is shaped by an event. While

The Cold War was truly a global conflict, more so than either of the century’s two world wars. South America and sub-Saharan Africa, continents that had been largely spared the earlier struggles, were sucked into its hole. Turks fought in Korea, Algerians fought in Vietnam, Cubans fought in Angola, and American and Russian schoolchildren, whose lessons had been interrupted by nuclear air-raid drills, grew up to die in Saigon and Kabul, Russia (Walker, four).

The protection of the nation’s resources and the sea itself directly impacts our economic stability, which therefore guarantees our credibility as a superpower nation. In addition to fulfilling the presidential mandate this mission is very well tied to our commitment to maritime stewardship. Nevertheless without the appropriate resources air Station Kodiak’s H-60 division will not be able to support the Arctic Mission. The challenges involved with supporting the arctic mission, the positive impact that forces from other units in executing this mission, and solutions to mitigate current challenges to better support future operations in the region have all been outlined. Whatever the outcome maybe one thing remains true, we as Chiefs strive to lead our people through many challenges, including changes, and we will always preserver using the vast network of knowledge found in the Chiefs mess to find solutions. Challenge those that offer temporary solutions and be the anchor in finding a permanent

As the Russian Federation get the economic benefits form the melting of the ice in the Arctic with the open of the commercial shipping routes Northern Sea Route, Canada also get the economic benefits through the NWP. If comparing the distance that would be through from East Asia to Europe and the east coast of the United States and Canada using Panama Canal, NWP provides a significantly shorter route. More over, through the NWP the transit fees are not imposed. Canada is seeking to extend its limits of its shelf to underwater Lomonosov Ridge by filling a request with the UN Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf, while Russian Federation also prepare the same request that the first request by Russia has been rejected by CLCS due to the lack of evidence

In the 2008 Ilulissat Declaration, the five coastal states of the Arctic Circle met to discuss the Arctic Ocean, climate change, protection of the marine environment, maritime safety, responsibility in relation to the prospect of new shipping routes through the Arctic Ocean, and to settle overlapping territory claims. It should be noted that the other Arctic states, the Arctic Council, and none of the indigenous population were involved in the meeting. Although this is declaration is supported by the United States, the UNCLOS III still is not, which puts the two pieces of legislation at odds with one another. The other issue with the Ilulissat Declaration is that it once again brings up the question of who really rules the Arctic Circle. By

This time in history was the upbringing of modern politics. The resolution of WWII resulted in another, less violent, international crisis, the Cold war. This new war was a battle of ideology leaving virtually no nation neutral, having the U.S. and U.S.S.R. helping (or forcing) other countries into either capitalism or communism. However war wasn’t just on the battlefront, new forms of technology and advocating made it more than easy to share a political platform, spreading either idealistic social movements or the everlasting problem of conservationalism and hate speech. This set of developments and events allowed for the making of a more tolerant america, without this crucial social and economic standpoint we wouldn’t have our innovations