Are Infants More At Risk Of Developing Type 2 Diabetes? Essay

According to the National health survey, in 2014-15, 63.4% of Australians aged 18 years and over were overweight or obese that 27.9% of population were obese (about 5 million people), this number has constantly increasing for a decade (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2015). Generally speak, obesity is able to increase the risk of type 2

In Australia exist several restaurants which give to the costumer fast food, as Mc Donald, KFC, Hungry Jack’s, Subway. All of them offer to the costumer fast food, but Subway offer something different as such healthy food.

While not the leading cause of death (mortality), there is a high prevalence of both obesity and diabetes in the population, justifying the selection of these health issues to be addressed in the

Many doctors and health experts have released articles and reports stating sugar and carbohydrates are the driving mechanism behind the current Australian obesity epidemic and are also responsible for the cause of diabetes (Prisk, 2015). However, sugar cannot take the whole blame for the cause obesity as Tim Gill stated in the 2014 Courier Mail magazine ‘Body and Soul’ because there are other contributing factors to the epidemic of obesity including an imbalance between energy consumptions of high calorie foods such as sugars, fat and proteins and the lack of physical activities to maintain a healthy lifestyle. Finally, genetic and environmental factors also play a major

Children can reduce the risk of being diagnosed with type 2 diabetes by changing their eating habits and participate in physical activity. Weight in children has become a great concern because more children are becoming overweight or obese, hence increases the number of cases of children being exposed for pre-diabetes or already have the disease. According to Wilson, type 2 diabetes is more common in individuals with a family history of diabetes and in young female adults (2013). Furthermore, when children are diagnosed with this disease it places them more at risk for other non-communicable diseases such as heart disease. Hence, they are at higher risk for cardiovascular disease and blindness. Children with the presence of insulin resistance have a high risk for type 2 diabetes. Most of the children affected are minority overweight children (International Journal of Obesity, 2009).

Fast-food is everywhere, for instance down the street there is fast food, not only one but seven options to choose from. Those seven options have promotions and deals

There are some factors that are non-modifiable and create a predisposition to the onset of developing Type 2 Diabetes. These non-modifiable factors include family history, race/ethnicity and age, and cannot be changed by lifestyle choices. Type 2 diabetes is traditionally a late onset disease however it is becoming more frequent to be diagnosed as a young person. Alpurrulam’s student network is made up of 89% Indigenous students alone. “Indigenous people were three times more likely to be living with Type 2 Diabetes than non-Indigenous people” (Australia Bureau of Statistics, 2004-05). It is vital for our students to be educated on Type 2 Diabetes because of the high vulnerability of our school population of developing this lifestyle disease.

Ten percent of the disease burden globally is attributed to sedentary lifestyle and poor nutritional diet. One disease associated with above stated factors is – diabetes 2 , which would become largest killer in near future. In terms of overweight and obesity Australia ranked 30th in study published in the Lancet. In contrast to trend in growth of obesity and overweight in population of other developed countries which have reached saturation level, Australia is experiencing exponential growth rate in overweight and obesity. The increase from 56 per cent in 1995, to 63 per cent in 2011-12 in overweight and obesity has been tracked by Australian Health Survey.

Fast Food Nation, by Eric Schlosser, is a stark and unrelenting look into the fast food industry that has ingrained itself in not only American culture, but in many cultures around the world. There is almost no place on earth that the golden arches has not entered. Aside from Antarctica, there is a McDonalds on every continent, and the number of countries that have fast food restaurants is growing on a daily basis. Schlosser describes in detail what happens behind the scenes, before the hamburger and fries come wrapped in environmentally safe paper and are consumed by millions of people daily.

Life expectancy for Australian’s has reached an all-time high. A male child born today, can expect to live an extra 2.36 years and 1.44 for females (Abs.gov.au, 2012). Although the expected length of life has skyrocketed, there are numerous health statistics that put Australia to shame. It has been estimated that by 2031, 3.3 million Australians will have been diagnosed with the incurable type 2 diabetes (Diabetesaustralia.com.au, 2013). Australia’s biggest killer, Coronary heart disease (CHD) was responsible for 13.6% of all Australian deaths recorded in 2012 (Abs.gov.au, 2012). One catalyst for CHD and Diabetes is Australia’s rising epidemic of obesity. During this report, obesity will be covered, and why is it a current health issue in

To begin with, it should be unsurprising that fast food is incredibly popular in wealthy countries (like England and the USA). Due to the high levels of development in these countries, consumers possess more money and can therefore consume vast amounts of fast food without seriously diminishing their income. For example, the American Dietary Association found that (compared to

People eat fast food because it is quick, accessible, tasty, inexpensive and time-saving. This was confirmed by a study of six hundred people living in the Minneapolis-Saint Paul region of America. They were each offered a fast-food meal, after which they were asked to agree or disagree with eleven statements about why they eat fast food. However, fast food is a leading cause of disease. This issue is relevant to all Australians. How so? According to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), Australia has the fifth-highest obesity rates of any country anywhere in the world, at a very high figure of 24.6 percent. This means that almost one in every four citizens is clinically overweight.

“A major concern at this time is the rapid climb in incidence of Type 2 diabetes, with prevalence now estimated at about 9% (18 million) of the population greater than 20 years of age.” Obesity and Type 2 diabetes are commonly associated (Gould & Dyer, 2011). In addition to the two types of diabetes, there are signs and symptoms that are easily detected and some that develop after diagnosis.

Obesity in the United States has more than doubled over the past four decades. Prevalence of obesity cause many other disease such as diabetes and heart issues. Obesity can be described as a health condition of a person or people of a population that have excess body fat. Diabetes is a disease related to high level of blood sugar in the blood. Obesity and diabetes are among disease that have direct relationship with each other. As obesity increase in a population, diabetes increases too. Jennifer B.Marks, Professor of Medicine at the University of Miami Miller researches in “Obesity in America: it’s getting worse”, Roger Z. Joanne a public health provider in the Obesity Action Coalition group researches in “Obesity and type 2 Diabetes”, Eckel H. Robert, Professor of Medicine in Colorado University researches in “Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes: What can be Unified and What needs to Be Individualized”, and Obesity Society group researches in “Your weight and diabetes”, mention that while obesity and diabetes have different definition in medical process, the reason why people become obese and diabetic as well as how to prevent them is same. Eating larger portion size than what the body needs , lack of physical activity, and putting foods without good quality in diet are the major reasons that people become obese.

Obesity is classified as one of the extremely common and serious public health problems in the world. Overweight and obesity are the fifth leading global risks of mortality in the world (World Health Organization, 2009). Furthermore, they are one of the major factors of for a number of chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, heart disease, stroke, diabetes and cancer (World Health Organization, 2005). According to NHS UK, obesity is defined as a body mass index (BMI) of 30 or more for adults, and the UK 1990 growth reference curves are used to define obesity for Children (Cole TJ, Freeman JV, Preece MA, 1995). The growing challenge of obesity of Europe countries is remarkable among Asian countries .In 2008, 1.4 billion adults (35%) aged 20 and over were overweight and 500 million were obese (11%). More than 40 million children under the age of 5 were overweight or obese in 2012(World Health Organization, 2014). That is the global obesity situation. Furthermore, the obesity problem in the UK is not optimistic, the UK has the highest obesity rates among Europe countries, and this trend has strikingly increased over the recent years to the point where more than 20% of the population are now obese. (University of Birmingham, 2014) However, the obesity situation in Singapore is more worrisome. In 2010, 40% adults aged 18 to 69 were overweight and 10% were obese which is more than double the level seen in 1992. (Ministry of Health Singapore, 2010) This essay will