Armed Forces Special Powers Act in India

“(2) The emergency is of such a nature as to induce a well-grounded apprehension of death or serious bodily harm if the act is not done;” and

On April 9, 1946, Muslim League's Central and Provincial Legislators had requested through a determination that the six territories of Bengal and Assam in upper east and Punjab, N.W.F.P, Sindh and Baluchistan in the northwest be constituted into a sovereign and the autonomous condition of

The Indian Act was created in 1876 and has been amended many times through history. The Act was created by European settlers under the British crown in order to assert control over the Indigenous people of Canada. It developed into the takeover of Indigenous land, imposed the rule of the Crown on Indigenous affairs, openly allowed discrimination, and restricts hunting. Also, the act implemented the abolishment of band councils, entrapment within harsh reserve living conditions, the creation of residential schools, the constraint on traditions, culture, ceremonies, and the systematic growth of cultural genocide. This racist relic has imposed a great deal of injustice towards Indigenous people. It establishes a “us v. them” mentality and separates

Authority means the right or power to enforce rules or give orders. To do this they need legislations to enforce their laws, to function properly the uniformed pubic services need to have legislations.

Firstly, you should give examples of emergency incidents as described in the Civil Contingencies Act 2004.

In 1917 during WW1, the Canadian government justified in enacting the Military Services Act to register and conscript men for war. Almost all French Canadians opposed conscription because they felt they had no loyalty to France and Britain. Other Canadians were at ease with the conscription as they supported the British Empire. The farmers, union heads, and pacifists were all opposed of the conscription like the French Canadians. I believe the Military Services Act was not the best choice because it ripped up the relations between the English and the French Canadians, it eliminated the freedom of the people by forcing them to go to war, and caused a riot in Quebec City leading to a few deaths. The

Emergency powers allow for a Governor during situations that could cause damage to the state, to ensure that the state is adequately prepared for the emergencies and disasters. The powers given to the governor here is usually within statue or constitution and usually found in the state emergency management laws (Zimmerman, 2012). Additionally, these powers relate to the US President, as the Governors will declare state emergencies and then petition the President for a major disaster declaration to open up federal FEMA funding and response to help

include the provision for the law making body. The act plus issued that the officer should

The Indian Act document signed in 1876, resulted in the first nation people to give up their land, religion, culture, and rights. The government wanted the first nation people to give up their Indian status and be them, follow their culture.

-Under the emergencies act temporary measures are taken considering the Canadian charter of rights and freedoms.

singh 1 singh 4 Saurav Singh Sherry Sharifian GOVT 2305 11th November, 2017 Civil Rights and liberties "Civil rights" 1 and "civil liberties" are terms that are frequently used in the same way but the terms are actually very distinct. Rights are fundamental regulative rules that is primary things which should be provided to every citizen of the country. In 1776 Thomas Jefferson brought the Declaration of Independence which conveyed a message of all men are created equal and everybody should be treated equally. After the Declaration of Independence the black were still treated badly and made enslaved so, they started protesting and demanding for the equal right and protection under the law. So, finally in 1968 Civil Right Act was passed that restricted all types of banned which was prevailing due to color, sex, religion and national origin.

The National Emergency Act is the first actually written law that outlined the power that the executive branch (President of the United States) had when an emergency requiring the federal government’s intervention has happened. This is the first statute. Since its creation, the National Emergency Act has outlined the process in which the president must take to actually declare an emergency. During the 1970’s is when the legislative branch decided to look into making procedures such as this one uniform. In 1973, a committee put together by congress started to look into national emergencies and emergency powers of the executive branch. They had found that there were approximately 470 laws that somehow delegated the powers of government during times of national emergency. This is why the National Emergency Act,

An emergency is a severe, sudden and sometimes risky circumstances requiring urgent action (Salman Sawalha, 2014). Escalation of an emergency situation can lead to disaster; which is an unusual event that can cause lost of life and property (Salman Sawalha, 2014). International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRRCS) define disaster as “unexpected devastating events that disrupts the operations of a population or public which leads to huge losses and overwhelmed the affected community 's ability to respond to the situation with the resources they have at hand”. There are two main types of disaster that can lead to emergency situations; these include natural and man-made disasters.

Section 24 is most likely connected with the defence head of power, to determine the validity of s24 it must be established if it falls within the powers scope in connection with Section 51(vi) of The Constitution. Fullagar J distinguishes that there are two aspects to the purpose of the defence power in The Communist Party Case. The primary aspect covers laws aimed at naval and military defence as a primary object that are definitely appropriate and adapted to the defence purpose, while the second aspect ‘extends to an infinite variety of matters which could not be regarded in the normal conditions of national life as having any connection to defence’. It appears that s24 would fall into the primary aspect under defence preparedness under enlistment and training of armed forces. While the legislation has a secondary purpose of increasing employment on farms it could be argued that having army reserves working on farms is beneficial as part of their training in being exposed to harsh country conditions and having greater

Yet, the democratic policies of the Sangha Act of 1941 were not to last. The rise of Field Marshal Sarit in 1958 signaled a return to authoritative rule.