Article 52: Scare Tactics

Political unrest and local war happens around the world all the time. Many people live in a dangerous situation and suffered from violence. Hence, large amount of asylum seeker undertakes a huge perilous, try to cross the ocean and arrive Australia. To deal with this issue, Australian government enacted mandatory detention policy and offshore processing policy, these policies become highly contentious in the community with many arguments and criticisms. This report will focus on the nature and purpose of these immigration policies and the impact towards the asylum seeker as well as the criticism form international. To propose some advice about how the future policies should be framed.

Sometimes it is far easier to do what is best for oneself rather than what is best for the group. This decision is usually motivated by fear. Fear is generally a destructive force in society, allowing the strong to take advantage of the weak.

(Human Rights Law Centre, 2011). It is stated that immigration detention is not used to punish people, but instead it is administrative function whereby those people do not have a valid visa were detained and assessed and if proven to be legal they have a rights to stay and if not they will be immediately removed from the country. The concern is to reconcile what the requirements of the UN and those of the Migration Act.

Red Scare as it is known is used to describe a time that had dealt with extreme anti-communism in the United States. Red comes from the color of the communists flag color of the soviet union. Scare simply comes from the fact that many people were scared that communism would come to the United States. Communism, which was commonly feared by most U.S. citizens is a system of social and economic organization in which property is owned by the state or group, to be shared in common or to be distributed among members of the community equally or in proportion to their respective needs. In 1919, 1/10 of the American population consisting of adults belonged to the new Communist movement, and even this small percentage was greatly affected.

The media coverage in the United Kingdom especially in the present climate can be described as anti migrant and asylum seekers. There is a suggested sense of being under siege with threats of invasion of being overwhelmed via Calais. With Headlines such as ` Migrants 'threaten EU standards' ` (BBC News, 2015), and reports from the government does little to show a different image as the recent comment from `British Prime Minister David Cameron has defended his policy of restricting immigration, arguing that illegal migrants are trying to "break into" the country`. Regardless of the fact that there are little other means in which they can gain asylum but to enter illegally. In considering this I am not suggesting that one should have no systems in place to control and monitor immigration but feel that this negativity does not address that people have the right to claim asylum nor does it show positive images or outcomes of those that have made lives

The Red Scare of 1920 was that a lot of people thought that communism was going to spread to other countries. The Red Scare of 1920 was caused by many different things, but some of the major things that caused it were the assassination of the US president McKinley in 1901, many bombings such as the Wall Street bombing, and the communists overthrew the Russian Royal Family when the Russian revolution occurred which made everyone think that it was going to spread. Almost everyone in the US thought that the communists were going to take over since there were about 150,000 anarchists in the US alone.

The significance of these triads is the United State’s post-war fear towards immigrants. The Red Scare was a postwar hysteria fed by labor strikes, bomb scares, and the fear of Germans. During the time of race riots and labor strikes, home made mail bombs being sent to the homes of popular or important people were becoming a familiar fear to the public. The postal service attempted to intercept them all, but a few bombs slipped through killing people and destroying houses. This caused the fear of immigration to rapidly increase throughout the United States. In June, 1919, Attorney General Mitchell Palmer, after having the front of his home blown up earlier that month, alongside the Justice Department begin to deport radical aliens. Thousands

The Red Scare of 1919-1920 was an across the country apprehension of communists, communists, revolutionaries, and all people who were different in some way. The September 11th terrorist assault that occurred in 2001 in New York City, Manhattan, Arlington County and Virginia was a composed of synchronized terrorist assaults by an Islamic terrorist team. Both periods have many parallels. Both had coordinated attacks and similar responses from the government and the people.

In the final draft I will expand on each of the issues, by looking into more specific examples of both what different European countries are doing policy wise, as well as what the sentiment is among the refugees in the different areas of Europe. To fully be able to understand the conditions the refugees are facing I will be using other scholars ethnography work; One of those works being Katerina Rozakou’s piece regarding the management of refugees in Greece. As a result of that knowledge I will be able to come to an accurate conclusion as to what course of action should be taken in Europe as a whole, to deal with this ongoing

In American soil the fear of communist spies was reaping the country from the inside; this time period (between 1947 and 1957) is known as the Red Scare or the Great Fear. During this period, the federal government created “loyalty programs” to weed-out communism and its sympathizers. For instance, Americans had to swear an oath of loyalty to the Constitution and that the person had never or will never belong to an organization whose intentions were to over thrown the government. Such programs also held hearings and investigations if a person was accused of betraying the United States government. Furthermore, the first loyalty program was instituted under President Truman in 1947 in a federal level and for any future employees which later

the United Nations Rules for the Protection of Juveniles Deprived of their Liberty guidelines issued by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, including the Revised Guidelines on Applicable Criteria and Standards Relating to the Detention of Asylum

In chapter 24 “The Fear Appeal” they begin talking about the similarities that Jonathon Edward and Adolf Hitler had with the words they spoke, when talking to both of their audiences and how both compelled their audiences by propagandizing fear and the threats if an action was not followed. The chapter then goes on to talk about those who also play on fear/anxieties to get what they need from others like for instants life insurance agents, Parents, Physicians, and The nightly news, and political party. All these are used to instill in power over others and the way they think. The chapter continues to discuss the difference of fear appeals and illegitimate fears, how fear appeals can be powerful also “They channel our thoughts away from careful consideration of the issue at hand and toward plans for ridding ourselves of the fear” and as for illegitimate fears that can “Promote deception- not mention the cruelty of the fear itself.” but with all this being said so far, this doesn’t mean that all fear appeals is successful every time it's used. For example, the chapter uses public service announcements to alert viewers about the danger of drug abuse and how users can possibly contract AIDS, by saying that the

In the attempts to “manage the immigrant crisis” several strategic mistakes have been made, which have shaken the functioning of migration policy in the European community. Particular controversy was stirred up by a plan for the relocation of 120,000 refugees suggested in September 2015. Some months later (April/May 2016), the European Commission came up with the idea of fines for those countries which would not receive the relocated refugees. The fine for one unaccepted foreigner was supposed to be €250,000. The attempt to impose a quota of immigrants on member countries together with high fines contributed to further divisions inside the EU.

Refugees, asylum seekers and UASC are terms which are often used interchangeably but have different legal definitions (Ruxton, 1996). For the purpose of this assignment it is important to differentiate between these terms. A refugee is a person "owing to a well-founded fear of being persecuted for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group, or political opinion, is outside the country of his nationality, and is unable to or, owing to such fear, is unwilling to avail himself of the protection of that country…" (Article 1 of the United Convention of Human Rights, 1951). An asylum seeker is “a person who has left their country of origin, has applied for recognition as a refugee in

Because Norway has an extensive border neighboring Sweden, Finland, and Russia, immigration has long been an issue for the Norwegian government. BBC News. (n.d.) reports on how xenophobic attitudes and political pressure coupled with nationalistic sentiment creates distressing rhetoric resulting in fear for many Norwegians. Norway has devised plans to deport migrants back to their country of origin given the country is deemed safe. These policies have come under the