Articulated Skeleton Research Paper

The thorax is similar to an airtight box that holds the bronchial tree, lungs, heart, and other structures. The top and sides of the thorax are formed by the ribs and attached muscles, and the bottom is formed by diaphragm which is a large muscle. The chest walls form a protective cage around the lungs and other contents of the chest cavity.

Some examples include the following: clavicle, coccyx, femur, fibula, foramen magnum, mandible, maxilla, metatarsals, ossify, phalanges, radius, scapula, sternum, suture, tibia, ulna, and vertebra. All of these terms are associated with the skeletal system. The mandible, maxilla, and foramen magnum are located in the cervical vertebrae. The clavicle, scapula, and sternum are located in the thoracic vertebrae. The lumbar vertebra contains the humerus, ulna, and radius. The coccyx is located in the sacral vertebrae. The femur, fibula, metatarsals, phalanges, and tibia are located in the appendicular skeleton. The sutures are located in the skull. The vertebrae is the backbone of the body. Ossification is the formation of bone. These terms are important in knowing and learning the skeletal system.

The musculoskeletal system provides support for the body as it provides protection, protecting the body from any possible damage. The limbs of the body, e.g. arms, legs, hips and shoulders help support and keep the body held up. Many other bones support different parts of the body such as the rib cage supports and protects all the organs which are located inside the rib cage, such as the heart, lungs, kidneys and others. The shape of the skeleton allows us to cope with

The term "ribs" is defined as curved bones that surround the entire chest and protect the vital organs and blood vessels, and expand and contract to allow for efficient breathing.

s Flat bones Irregular bone Sesamoid bones Anatomy of a Long Bone Epiphyses Metaphyses Epiphyseal growth plate Epiphyseal growth line Diaphysis Periosteum Medullary cavity Endosteum Articular cartilage Microscopic Anatomy Compact bone Osteons Spongy bone Trabeculae Bone Formation Intramembranous ossification Endochondral ossification Cells in Bone Osteogenic cells Osteoblasts Osteocytes Osteoclasts Hormonal Control of Bone Calcitonin Parathyroid hormone Osteology of the Axial Skeleton Frontal Parietal Temporal Zygomatic arch Mastoid process Occipital Foramen magnum Occipital condyles Sphenoid Sella turcica Greater wing Lesser wing Ethmoid Cribriform plate Crista galli Nasal Maxilla Alveolar process Palatine process Zygomatic Zygomatic arch Lacrimal Palatine Inferior nasal conchae

Unit 1 principles of anatomy and physiology Describe the structure and function of the skeletal system: The skeletal system consists of the axial skeleton, the appendicular skeleton and many different bones. The axial skeleton is part of the skeleton, it consists of eighty bones; twenty eight in the skull and fifty two in the torso. These bones can be found in the skull bones, the ossicles in the inner ear, the hyoid bone, the rib cage, sternum and the vertebral column.

In the thoracic cage, one can find the thoracic vertebrae, the sternum, and the ribs. It encloses the heart, the lungs, and provides attachment for the pectoral girdle and the upper limb. The cage protects the thoracic organs, the spleen, most of the liver, and the kidneys. The thoracic cage’s most important role is in breathing. It rhythmically expands by the respiratory muscles and creates a vacuum that draws air into the lungs, and then compressed to expel air.

1. The rib cage shields both the lungs and the heart from any danger. The skull also functions to protect the brain from dangerous collisions. Another bone that helps protect an organ is the pelvic girdle. It protects the bladder and several other organs from both the reproductive and urinary system.

The axial skeleton is made up of the skull, sternum, spine, and ribs. 81. The patella would be an example of a sesamoid bone. 82. The sinus is a chamber inside the bone that is typically filled with air and makes the skull much lighter.

The ossicles are three little bones, which are located in the middle ear. The names of the bones are in order; first is the malleus this bone is attached to the tympanic membrane. Next is the incus this the second bone and is attached to the malleus. Last but not least the stapes is after the malleus but before the oval window (Debara, T.I 2016). The main role for the ossicles are that they receive vibrations from the tympanic membrane. When the ossicles receives the vibrations they then amplify automatically; enabling them to transmit these vibrations to the oval window (Debara, T.I 2016).

Thoracic: The 12 vertebrae in the chest region form the spine’s thoracic region. Thoracic vertebrae are larger the cervical and also stronger than thoracic. They are much less flexibility.

The bones, in the body, can be divided between two major regions of the skeleton: the appendicular skeleton consists of the arms, pectoral girdles, legs, and pelvic girdle and the axial skeleton consists of the skull, rib cage and the vertebral column. The femur, phalanges and the humerus are all examples of long bones. Long bones are vital for mobility. For stability and support we have short bones. These are boxy in shape and carpels and tarsals are examples of these. The scapula, ribs and sternum are flat bones. These are thin and broad in shape but not necessarily flat. These bones provide an extensive surface for muscle attachment and for protection. The vertebrae and sphenoid bone are types of irregular bones, they have Irregular bones

The appendicular skeleton consists of 126 bones containing the appendage bones, the pectoral and pelvic girdles. It is responsible for the ability of movements and the protection of the major organs in the human body.

The musculoskeletal system is a made up of the muscular system and the skeletal system. The skeletal system provides the internal framework for the body, it protects the organs by enclosing it and anchors skeletal muscles so that the muscles can contract thus causing movement. The skeleton is divided into two divisions: the axial skeleton and the appendicular skeleton (Taylor & Cohen, 2013, p. 94). The Axial skeleton are the bones that have formed the longitudinal axis of the body which is made up of the skull, the vertebral column and the thoracic cage (Taylor & Cohen, 2013, p. 98). The Appendicular skeleton are the bones of limbs and griddles that are attached to the axial skeleton (Taylor & Cohen, 2013, p. 103).

The skeletal system includes the osseous tissues of the body and the connective tissues that stabilize or interconnect the individual bones. The bone is a dynamic tissue. Throughout the lifespan, bone adjusts to the physiologic and mechanical demands placed on it by the processes of growth and remodeling.