Artificial Meningitis

A person may not know he or she has meningitis right away. Many symptoms are analogous to the flu. These symptoms include a stiff neck, headache, fever, chills, nausea, light sensitivity, and possible changes in mental state (8). Even after a person recovers from meningitis, they can still suffer from long-term effects such as brain damage, kidney damage, loss of hearing, amputations, and scarring (6). To accurately diagnose meningitis, a lumbar puncture, or spinal tap, is performed and tests are run on the cerebrospinal fluid

Meningococcal meningitis: In Europe and the Americas, serogroups B and C are predominant while in Africa serogroups A and C are dominant; serogroup W-135 is pandemic and serogroup Y as the dominant strain of infection in the United States and Canada. There are 75-80% of patients acquiring this type of infection which is an infection of the brain and spinal cord with a mortality rate of 2-4%. Bacterial meningitis causes brain damage, hearing loss and learning disabilities to those that do survive. Meningococci shed their endotoxin, which damages tissues and activates the cytokine cascade (inflammation). This then allows them access to the subarachnoid space causing the blood-brain barrier to seep.

Bacterial Meningitis is the most common form of suppurative CNS infection. It causes decreased consciousness, seizures, raised intracranial pressures and stroke and fever. The organism most often responsible are:

Meningitis is associated several unpleasant symptom such as fever, vomiting, headache, limb pain, and neck stiffness(Refernce). The severity of symptom varies according to the type of pathogen , duration of illness and the age of child( feign1992 ). .According to the recent evidence based reports, Suspected bacterial meningitis is a medical emergency, and immediate diagnostic steps must be taken to establish the specific cause so that appropriate antimicrobial therapy can be initiated. The mortality rate of untreated bacterial meningitis approaches 100 percent and, even with optimal therapy, morbidity and mortality may occur. Neurologic sequelae are common among survivors.meningities is considered as medical emergency required Now, of course, the admission to hospital can be unpleasant for the child and the use of antibiotics itself might cause some adverse effect. However, the illness syndrome and complications results in much more suffering over a longer duration than does the

Meningitis is an inflammation of the membranes surrounding your brain and spinal cord. There are many different types of meningitis causing bacteria, but the most common type of bacteria is Streptococcus pneumoniae, or better known as Pneumococcus in the medical community. There

Enteroviruses are present in the fetus, mucus, and saliva of infected people (Bennington 3). The viruses or organisms reach the meninges from foci in the body via blood or lymph, through trauma, or from adjacent bony structures such as the sinuses (Thomas 1027). Meningitis has harmful symptoms such as irregular fever, loss appetite, intense headache, constipation, intolerance to light and sound, contacted pupils, delirium, retraction of head, convulsion, and coma (Thomas 1027). Bacterial meningitis requires an individual to be hospitalized. Early diagnosis and treatment will prevent brain damage and even death. Bacterial meningitis is threated with strict antibiotic therapy, such as ampicillin, penicillin G, Chloramphenicol, kanamycin, and gentamicin following strict isolation techniques (Thomas 1027). Those are the drugs of choice if the organisms susceptible. Supportive symptomatic therapy is also indicative (1027). According to the Taber' Cyclopedia Medical Dictionary, there must be a dark, quiet atmosphere, analgesic must be applied, and a cool compression to forehead

Some types of bacterial meningitis can be prevented through immunizations. There are vaccines that protect against pneumococcus, meningococcus, and Hib, all of which cause meningitis. Vaccinations are key to the prevention of meningitis. See your doctor to make sure your vaccinations, and those of your children, are up-to-date.

In a world of vaccinations and public healthcare, it is easy to forget that we are constantly surrounded by disease causing microbes. Throughout this unit we have studied the human bodies constant fight with microbes and what happens once they accumulate. In this paper I will discuss meningococcal meningitis, its disease causing microbe, how the bacterium enters and exits the body and, the symptoms caused by the bacterium. I will also discuss the impact this microbe has on human health and any treatments available.

Depending on the severity of infection, bacterial meningitis may get better on its own. However, in severe cases it may be treated with antibiotics and steroids. Supportive care includes oxygen therapy and hospitalization. Early treatment is imperative to reduce the chances of

Meningitis is an inflammation of the membranes surrounding your brain and spinal cord. The swelling associated to viral meningitis also has symptoms including headache, fever and a stiff neck. Most cases of meningitis are caused by a viral infection, bacterial and fungal infections also can lead to meningitis. Depending on the cause of the infection, meningitis can get better on its own in a couple of weeks, or it can be a life-threatening emergency. Which requires urgent antibiotic treatment.( http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/meningitis/basics/definition/con-20019713)

Bacterial meningitis is a gram-negative meningitis diplococcal bacterium. There are several bacteria types that can cause meningitis, which include Streptococcus pneumoniae (the most common cause), Groupe B Streptococcus, Neisseria meningitidis, Haemophilus influenzae, and Listeria monocytogenes. The meningitis does not live long on surfaces outside the host but has shown to live longer on glass surfaces compared to plastic. Approximately five percent to twenty-five percent of carriers will move around without symptoms or becoming sick. Studies have shown roughly eight hundred to fifteen hundred people a year will be diagnosed yearly with roughly one hundred to

Meningitis is an inflammation of the meninges, membranes that surround the brain. This can extend as far as infecting the cerebral spinal fluid on top of causing the tissue to swell. Meningitis comes in two major forms; bacterially and virally. However, having bacterial meningitis is much more severe than viral meningitis. There is a lot more danger in having a bacterial infection within the brain than a viral infection within the brain. What makes bacterial meningitis so lethal is that “even when the disease is diagnosed early and adequate treatment is started, 5% to 10% of patients die, typically within 24 to 48 hours after the onset of symptoms. Left untreated, up to 50% of cases may die, (6) or there

A vaccine by definition is a biological advancement that helps keep you immune from a disease. The history of vaccine did not start in 1796 like most think. Vaccines have actually been around for centuries. There is evidence that Chinese Empires had vaccines around 1000 CE, but these vaccines were nothing like what is around today. Edward Jenner made the first modern day vaccine in 1796. Jenner experimented on a boy and came to the conclusion that if he was injected with cowpox and than exposed to small pox that the boy would become immune. Even though his work did not immediately kill out the disease, Jenner inspired other scientists to find out more about vaccines. There are many ways to make a modern day vaccine. First, they take the virus or bacteria and they grow it in a lab. Next they isolate the disease away from the lab materials, which made it grow. Than, they purify the disease, which weakens it. Also, an adjuvant may be added to help the immune system fight off the disease. Finally, everything is mixed up and is shipped out to its final destination. Vaccines contain different ingredients based on the vaccine but normally the ingredients include, weakened parts of viruses, Aluminum, antibiotics, formaldehyde, adjuvants, proteins, sugars, and preservatives. Vaccines help immunize the body because when the weakened disease is put into the body, the body makes antibodies to fight off the disease. If the real disease ever came into the body, the body would be able to

Bacterial meningitis can be treated if diagnosed in time. Antibiotics are used in high doses and can effectively eradicate the bacteria from the host. Cephlosporins and sulfa drugs can be used to effectively treat most forms of causal organisms. The key to treatment is the promptness of administration. If treatment is slowed permanent side effects could

Meningococcal disease is a large concern in the medical field because it is unbiased towards the patients it infects. There has been limited success in trying to eliminate this disease. Antibiotics play a role in helping to treat patients with bacterial meningitis, and steroids have been tested to help reduce risk factors. Prevention has also become a key issue because meningitis can only be spread through direct contact with infected body fluid. The best prevention is to maintain clean hygiene. Vaccines are another way of preventing disease. However, there are multiple serogroups of meningitis that makes creating a universal vaccine extremely difficult. So far, there have only been two