Asses the Reasons Why Chartism Failed

Luddism, for example, was one of the ideologies that opposed the industrial changes that liberalism brought. The jobs of the skilled textile workers were lost and replaced by machines operated by unskilled laborers. The Luddites protested and even broke into factories, destroying many machinery. Chartism was another example of the response to the unrecognized individual rights. Chartism was a working- class movement with the main focus on political and social reform in society (Fielding, 2009, 132). The Chartists wanted a political and social reform in society because they could be granted the rights to participate in these aspects of society. Utopian Socialists were humanitarians who advocated an end to the appalling conditions of the average worker in the industrial capitalist countries (Fielding, 2009, 134). They believed that education and the improved working conditions could peacefully remove the worst aspects of capitalism and lead to an ideal socialist society where everyone would live happily. “It is therefore the interest of all, that everyone, from birth, should be well educated, physically and mentally, that society may be improved in its character; that everyone should be beneficially employed, physically, and mentally, that the greatest amount of wealth may be created and knowledge attained….” (Fielding, 2009, 135). Another essential resistance to liberalism was showcased by the ideology of classical conservatism. The beliefs of

Two important movements during the mid-1800s were the Temperance Movement and the Women’s Rights Movement. The Temperance movement wanted the immoral behaviors of those who used Alcohol to end. In fact, non-religious groups, especially the Factory owners, saw it as a way to increase productivity and reduce crime, as they associated drunkenness and crime with the lower classes. In order to do so, it wanted to persuade alcoholics to total abstinence form drinking. It was successful in influencing Maine to prohibit the manufacturing or sale of alcoholic beverages. The Women’s Rights Movement gained extra popularity during this time period because of the desire of the influential women to be treated equally. After the Lowell system showed women could be employed and economically support themselves, the women wanted to have more equal and fair representation in their government. For this reason, leaders, Lucretia Mott, Susan B. Anthony, and Elizabeth Cady Stanton, organized the Seneca Falls Convention where they outlined why and how society and the government should accept women as equal to

The first speaker, Dr. Khal Schneider, addresses the words behind the 2nd amendment. He provides us with a historical background around the formation of the amendment and further describes the works that are within this amendment. He highlights words such as “Militia”, “necessary”, “arms”, and “infringed”. He describes how these words can be interpreted differently, thus making it hard to actually interpret the amendment for what it actually means. For instance, he draws attention to the word “arms” and describes the evolution. He illustrates that his amendment must be looked at in respects to the century it was written in. He then describes the difference between “arms’ within both centuries. He draws attention to the increase

The title of this article corresponds with Vandercoy’s intentions of explaining the history behind the second amendment, and why it is important to the United States’ foundation. Going back to medieval times, England did not have an organized army

The validity of the statement, “Reform movements in the United States sought to expand democratic ideals” can be assessed regarding many reformations in the time period of 1825-1850 including the American temperance movement, the women’s rights movement, and the abolitionist reform. All of which very much expanded core democratic ideology, such as equality, liberty for all, and the pursuit of happiness. All these reforms share the qualities necessary to attempt to make the United States a more civilized, utopian society. Social reform was a necessity when it came to expanding democratic ideals.

Gender inequality and slavery were the two biggest evils that reformers tried eliminating in the time period. The abolition of slavery had many reformers behind it. Two very important men trying to achieve this were Frederick Douglass and William Lloyd Garrison, a white man, going to show there was support from all types of people. Two of the women’s rights advocates were Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Sarah Grimke. They both achieved great things to help out their cause. Although slavery and gender equality are arguably the most important evils in the time period there were still many other. One of these was alcohol. During the time period the Temperance

There were so many reforms that happened during the 1830s and 1840s; many of which made a great impact, some didn’t make any impact, and some had an impact that took place a great deal later. Below are just some of the movements that were believed, created and fought for:

The people were finally being valued and everyone was given a chance to work towards improving the things taking place around them. While it is very debatable, the actions that were taken and how individuals started to think on their own cause the Revolution to be a special and more defining type of radical. There has never been a revolution that has been born out of ideas alone and this time, it was at least the beginning of seeing change. Starting with the Tories and Whigs reformation, carrying out through the war and even the justice and social systems, the radicalism started growing and spreading. There was still a long way to go and a huge separation between conservative and liberal views, but it was a revolution for the people. It was special for the 18th century and was able to be carried out due to the segregation of beliefs, the magnum opus, and the acts of the

London Workingmen’s Association, in their petition to Parliament for the “People’s Charter”, claimed that “the labouring classes may be silently plundered or suddenly suspended from employment” if “every person producing proof of his being 21 years of age shall be entitled to have his name registered as voter” (Document 4). Along with universal suffrage for manhood, Chartism, the first large working class of Europe also wanted to abolish the property accommodation for the House of Lords, and wanted a secret ballot. Not only did men want suffrage, but women did as well. Pauline Roland, a French writer and political activist, wrote in the letter to the editor of the French newspaper that “Woman is entitled to work as is Man” (Document 8). As men gained more independence, women rose up to argue for their rights. Alexandre Millerand, a member of the French national Legislature said in his speech that “we address ourselves only to universal suffrage; out ambition is to bring about through this means economic and political liberation of all” (Document 12). The working class believed that by attaining suffrage and equality, not only would they be able to live happier lives, but the economy would change for the better. They believed that it was through this advancement, rather than revolution, that change would

McMahan states that if gun ownership had the robust deterrent effects that supporters claim, we should expect the United States to have less crime than other developed societies, but he cites that the per capita homicide rates in the United States are higher than homicide rates in other Western countries. McMahan proposes that guns and their regulation will not be comparable to the attempted regulation of alcohol and drugs in the United States. He positions the use or desire to use alcohol and drugs does not depend on others, it is an internal desire. Contrarily, the desire to own a gun was positioned as being dependent on the actions of others. Despite all of this McMahan himself admits that a law prohibiting gun ownership could not be enforced with complete effectiveness, leaving the unarmed at the mercy of criminals who will always be armed. This results in the argument of self-defense and according to McMahan, the right of self-defense is derived from a more fundamental right, which he fails to elaborate on by instead stating that he believes the gun prohibition he proposes would eliminate only one effective means of self-defense.

During the 19th Century there were many reform movements that took place. Reform movements were movements that were organized to reform or change the certain way of things. Reform movements did not always work but the ones that did greatly changed the way our nation operates today. There were three major reform movements that have altered the nation; the abolitionist movement, the temperance movement and the women 's suffrage movement. Without these movements, and the great leaders involved, many common rights would not exist today.

Clark writes of all these different groups that all had an effect towards the outlawing of the saloons. For example “in the 1880’s the WCTU began a campaigning for state laws which would make scientific temperance instruction mandatory in the public schools.” Clark brings to mind many of these groups who many did not know were political forces leading to the passage of the 18th amendment.

Social reform was underway as well with a number of institutions and social movements being devoted to improving morals of individuals and society in general. Schools started to pop up around the country. Public tax supported schools set up by Whigs in the north. The school systems were centralized at the state level and made attendance mandatory. Temperance was also part of this reform, and this was the most sustained movement in social history. The good old crusade against the use of alcohol that began in 1820. The reason for this it was argued was that alcohol led to violence, personal and social disintegration and was associated with being out of control. This effort was headed up by the middle class (women mostly) that assumed poverty, crime, and every other thing wrong with society was a result

 Chartism was the name of a variety of protest movements in England during the 1830s and 40s, which aimed to bring about change  in social and economic conditions through political reform. Its name comes from the People’s Charter, a six-point petition presented to the House of Commons with the hope of having it made law. The six point included annual parliaments, universal manhood suffrage, abolition of the property qualification for members of the House of Commons, the secret ballot, equal electoral districts, and salaries for members of Parliament.

However, members believed the bill threatened the suffrage of men, and it was denied. () The Chartist movement wasn’t a complete failure; it had created the incentive of a feminist idea, outside the British parliament. Many organizations began to be formed, such as the Anti-Corn Law League, (Fawcett, 32) to encourage women to involve in work. However up to the 1850’s, outside of the organizations, women still had no societal role, the movement was scattered and fragmentary. (Fawcett, 64)