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Assess The Role Of Tattooing In Non-Western Culture

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The art of tattooing has been around for centuries, with origins dating back before the year 325, when it was banned by the Roman Empire and made its return once again around the 18th century via British explorers returning from Polynesia. Tattooing practices vary around the world, specifically in their meaning and significance cross-culturally. For instance, tattooing practices and significance in Western cultures vary significantly than in non-Western cultures. Specifically, in traditional cultures, tattooing often marks a crucial period or a rite of passage in an individual’s life, such as the transition from childhood into adulthood. In Polynesian societies, specifically amongst the Maori people, the art of tattooing plays a vital role …show more content…

Haviland, Kilmurray, Fedorak, & Lee (2013) note “one of the most intricate forms [of tattooing] is found among the New Zealand Maori, whose moko, facial swirls, are chiselled into the face as a sign of cultural pride” (p. 319). Maori tattoos, known to the Maori people as moko, is a pre-twentieth century tattooing practice where the tattoo marks both the division and the link between the body and Maori spirituality (Pritchard, 2000, 2001). Lévi-Strauss (1963) notes that the Maori believed the body to be a surface meant to be imprinted by culture, noting “the purpose of Maori tattooings is not only to imprint a drawing onto the flesh but also to stamp onto the mind all the traditions and philosophy of the group (p. 257). In essence, the Maori people believed that an individual’s life force is displayed by their tattoos. For instance, Shand notes: “For Maori … [the] embracing sense of culture is guided by the concepts of mauri [life force] and wairoa [spirit] which together inform all meaningful forms or human occupation-art and design” (as cited in Pritchard, 2000, p. 345). Essentially, the tattooed skin of the Maori people did not just create a balance between an individual and their gender role within society, but also restored harmony to the link between the individual and their

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