Assisted Reproductive Technology

Making big choices in life can be difficult, especially if that big choice is having children. There are many men and women who are infertile that still want to have children. Most decide to adopt other children who do not have families or their families do not want them. But when adoption is not an option, there is now a way where those men and women can have their own children together through fertility treatments. Fertility treatments could be a good thing:being able to freeze egg and sperm, they can help infertile couples, and avoiding transmitted diseases would be easier.

This is best described in the article “Rules get tough for overseas surrogacy”. People using surrogate mothers in India may no longer be able to do so after the Immigration Department said it would not guarantee citizenship to babies. India is one of the most popular destinations for couples seeking surrogacy arrangements is changing its laws to require prospective parents to obtain a guarantee of citizenship for their child before starting the surrogacy process.

Assisted reproductive technology includes all fertility treatments in which both egg and sperm are handled.

Universal Healthcare in the United States has been a long time journey that dates back decades and we, as a country, are far behind other developed countries who have had universal healthcare for a long time. Today, Healthcare is obtained through employers or by people paying for it by themselves, which is incredibly expensive due to high premiums. Five years have passed since the controversial Obama care, or Affordable Care Act, was signed into law on March 23, 2010. The Affordable Care Act aimed at fixing the many problems that the United States has with healthcare by making it available to everyone, but also more efficient and this required drastic changes that made some people happy while others unhappy since some are benefiting while others are not. These people include politicians, but foremost presidential candidates. Candidate’s stance on the issue of healthcare is truly important due to the fact that if they’re the next president of the United States, it could hurt or improve the health care reform. Noteworthy candidates are: Jeb Bush, Hillary Clinton, Marco Rubio, and Bernie Sanders. Republicans and Democrats have long debated whether or not the Affordable Care Act should be repealed or replaced. Republicans believe that it is a problem while Democrats support it. The Affordable Care Act should not be replaced but instead improved because it provides quality and affordable health care to Americans. Everyone gets sick and people shouldn’t be afraid of receiving help

Democrat and Republican Platforms share different yet similar views on government funded healthcare, Democrats are all for universal healthcare while the Republican Platform disagrees. Since the Democrats helped pass the Affordable Care Act (ACA), in 2010 commonly referred to as Obamacare, over 20 million American's gained healthcare coverage and was ensured that they wasn’t denied coverage for a pre-existing condition (Our platform, 2017, pg.31). Also, under the Affordable Care Act Americans could access public coverage through a public option, and those that are 55 years old could opt in to Medicare (Our Platform, 2017, para.2). Medicare and Medicaid were the two programs that were passed under the Affordable Care Act. Medicare covers

Surrogate motherhood is considered the most controversial form of medically assisted conception. Surrogacy is defined as an arrangement by which a woman gives birth to a baby on behalf of a woman who is incapable of conceiving babies herself or is infertile. The issue of surrogacy has been running for almost three decades. Elizabeth Cane was the first woman in the United States to legally become a surrogate mother in 1980 (Chittom and Wagner). Surrogate births are illegal in many countries, including some states in the United States. For example, it is illegal in Michigan, Washington, Utah, Arizona, New Mexico, and New York, whereas it legal in California, Oregon, Texas, and Arkansas (Chittom and Wagner). According to the Organization of Parents Through Surrogacy (OPTS), about 22,000 babies have been born from surrogate mothers in the United States since surrogacy became legal in the 1970s (Chittom and Wagner).

From President Johnson in the 1960’s to Barack Obama today, “Democrats have fought for the simple idea that everyone should have some basic security in health care” (Democrats.org). The Democratic Party usually argues that the cost of health care is significantly high, which means those who cannot afford health care, do not get it. The Democratic Party believes that providing health care for all Americans will be beneficial to those who cannot afford it. In an article written by Ezra Klein from the Washington Post, he mentions that “Democrats look at the lower prices paid in single-payer countries as well as the lower prices paid by Medicare.” This is why Democrats like Barack Obama or Bernie Sanders always argue that the United States should be more like Canada or Denmark because of the way they handle health care. On the other hand, the Republican Party has a different view on health care. To start off, they believe that affordable health care damages the economy and businesses. According to an article about both political parties written by Eleanor, she points out that Republicans “believe too much government involvement in the industry will drive up costs and have a negative impact on the quality of care that consumers receive.” The Republican Party argues that the quality of the health care service would decrease if health care became as affordable as Democrats want it to be. As a result, the Democratic Party seeks to help people with health care from all socioeconomic classes, while the Republican Party believes that the government should not be involved with health care because it will hurt the

At Dallas IVF, our fertility specialists are committed to helping patients build families. One of the services that our Dallas fertility clinic recommends for couples facing unexplained infertility or a low sperm count is intrauterine insemination, IUI. Also known as artificial insemination, this procedure bypasses the cervical canal and deposits processed and concentrated sperm directly into the uterine cavity.

In Canada, 1 in 6 people will experience infertility where they have trouble conceiving (Fertilitymatters.ca, 2015). Unfortunately, Canada currently does not have reliable statistics on surrogate pregnancy (Lozanski, 2015). Presently, over 4.5 million children have been born through assisted reproductive technologies and this number is increasing each year (Golombok, Blake, Casey, Roman & Jadva, 2013). Even though surrogacy is legal in Canada, surrogates are prohibited from making profit through surrogacy (Surrogacy in Canada Online [SCO], 2015). The Assisted Human Reproduction Act was passed in 2004 where it outlines a surrogate may only be reimbursed for out of pocket expenses including maternity wear (SCO, 2015). Some of the things that

ART has multiple methods such as in-vitro fertilization, surrogacy, and fertility medication. Wherefore, there are numerous ethical, social, and legal concerns that have emerged from this topic. The concern that takes priority over the others is ethics, for the reason that using bioethical principles is a method to determine whether an action is right or wrong. Any procedures of assisted reproductive technology are ethically wrong considering the principles of autonomy, divine command theory, and

In today’s society, surrogacy is becoming a more and more popular and common issue. For many couples who cannot or unwilling to carry babies by themselves, surrogacy is the first choice to have their own babies and build a family. The legality of surrogacy is different for every country. There are countries that consider the birth mother as the legal mother while there are those that don't. Besides, a lower price of surrogacy in developing countries drives them to find surrogate mother overseas. Thus, international

associated with the use of advanced assisted reproductive technology (Teays&Purdy, 2001, Bioethics,Justice,&Health Care,p.648).Currently, the number of in vitro fertilization procedures that can be performed by 100 heath-care workers is about 1,000 per year. Any implication of medical and laboratory procedures that could improve results would decrease the number of healthcare workers needed and ultimately lower the cost per procedure (Teays&Purdy, 2001, Bioethics,Justice,&Health Care,p648).

Surrogate Motherhood is something that not many people actually support, even though it “is one of the many reproductive techniques that have enabled infertile couples to have children” (qtd. in Freedman). There are two types of surrogacy, traditional and gestational. The traditional type of surrogacy involves the surrogate mother being (AI) artificially inseminated with the sperm of the intended father or sperm from a donor when the sperm count is low. In either case the surrogate’s own egg will be used. Genetically the surrogate becomes the mother of the resulting child (Storey). Although there are two different types of surrogacy, a traditional surrogacy is rarely seen or done anymore. In gestational surrogacy, the surrogate mother has

Artificial reproductive technology (ART) is defined as procedures which stimulate a woman 's ovaries to produce eggs, the eggs are then removed, combined with sperm, and then returned to a woman 's body (Bell, 2016). ART is becoming more and more popular throughout that globe. This method of conceiving children gives women who may be struggling with infertility options that were not possible before the advent of such methods. ART is relevant to the sociological definition of global health because it is evidence of the fact that our world has become interdependent especially when it comes to medical technology. However with ART comes the notion of the culture of disguise and in many countries this is an integral part of artificial reproductive technology process. With that being said, sociologists should look to study and understand the culture of disguise in ART as it pertains to global health and it shapes interactions between people and the society they live in.

As Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) is getting more developed and frequently adopted, this brings infertile couples’ dream of eagerly having babies to reality. In Evans v Amicus Healthcare Arden LJ further commented that, “infertility can cause the woman or man affected great personal distress. In the case of a woman, the ability to give birth to a child gives many women a supreme sense of fulfilment and purpose in life. It goes to their sense of identity and to their dignity.” However, risks such as embryos getting infected may potentially be occurred while using ART. Surrogacy may create psychological pressure on infertile couples, and trigger disputes regarding the legal parentage of the child resulting from surrogacy.