Controlling Asthma in Schools
Successes of CDC’s National Asthma Control Program
One in every 12 children in the United States has asthma — and it’s affecting school attendance across the country. Asthma is a leading cause of school absenteeism, causing more than 10 million missed days of school every year.
CDC’s National Asthma Control Program (NACP) supports initiatives across the country to help provide comprehensive asthma control services in schools settings. NACP — along with CDC Healthy Schools — developed strategies to help asthma programs, school staff, and partners plan and manage asthma control activities in schools. In addition to developing these strategies, NACP also promotes asthma-friendly schools (AFS) as a way to reduce the
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Vermont’s approach teaches schools how to reduce asthma triggers by enforcing 24/7 tobacco-free policies, forming integrated pest management plans, and using green cleaning products.
Link Students to Medial Care
State asthma programs help schools connect students with clinical care in a variety of ways, including giving school nurses access to electronic health record (EHR) systems, developing and using asthma action plans in schools, and offering training and technical assistance to SBHCs. CDC Healthy Schools also funds states to strengthen school health services so they can better manage conditions like asthma.
Strategy in action: The New Mexico Asthma Control Program (NMACP) partners with the University of New Mexico Envision SBHCs to work with schools in providing comprehensive asthma control activities. As a result, an asthma action plan has been added to the SBHC EHR. The program also sponsors school nurses to attend the UNM Summer Asthma Institute where they prepare to become certified asthma educators.
Provide “Asthma-Friendly”
This results in Hispanics Americans living in very tightly-knit segregated urban communities, in older housing, and lack access to healthcare that can contribute to asthma exacerbation (Bhan et al., 2015). In the State of Connecticut there is a program called, Putting on AIRS or Asthma Indoor Risk Strategies. This program designed to assess environmental risk in the homes for asthmatic children and families. The hope is to reduce the frequency of asthma-related events by identifying environmental triggers. A public health nurse experienced in asthma management, conducts asthma education in the home. There is also an assessment for environmental asthma triggers in the home such as roach infestation or mold. The program follows participants over a six-month time frame, and has been shown to significantly improve outcomes for asthmatics (Nepaul et al.,
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Since asthma exacerbations in adolescence can lead to emergency room visits, hospitalizations, missed school and diminished health status, there was an evident need for effective asthma management for this population (Quaranta et al., 2014). Unfortunately, these rural adolescents with asthma, and their families, had difficulty determining when their asthma was poorly controlled; and unless the asthma symptoms were disruptive to family life, there was often little motivation for these individuals to seek medical care, thus increasing the risk of poor outcomes (Quaranta et al., 2014, p. 99). According
Encourage parents to provide up to date information about their child with asthma, and keep this information in a known, central location
Killers are Made Not Born Jack the Ripper, The Zodiac Killer, and Ted Bundy, would be considered sick and mentally ill. Most would think they were born to kill and become one of the worst things a human could ever--become a serial killer--although science and the power of research have another theory on how these terrible people came to be, research shows that serial killers are not born, but made since most serial killers are influenced by external causes. Serial killers are unique from a typical murderer who commits homicide. According to Zelda G. Knight author of the research paper Sexually Motivated Serial Killers “serial murder is defined as the killing of three or more people over a period of over 30 or more days, with a significant cooling-off period. ”(QTD in Knight 2007).
Nicholas and his colleagues found in their study that the children asthma prevalence in East Harlem was about 4 times that of the national prevalence. Specifically, African American children had 3 times higher asthma prevalence. (Nicholas, 2005) Asthma is the leading cause of emergency room evaluations, pediatric hospitalizations, and school absenteeism in New York City (Corburn, Osleeb, & Porter, 2006)
Provided on the Lung Association website is a comprehensive list of asthma initiatives that envelop Asthma Care Coverage, Asthma in schools, Asthma at Work, Asthma education, and Asthma Policy and Advocacy. For example, the Lung Association offers An Open Airways School program that empowers school age children to learn Asthma self-management.
Communication barriers exist between parent, school nurse, and healthcare provider. School staff feel unprepared for asthmatic attacks, especially since they are not told which students have a condition. No policies or protocols are in place to guide staff in what to do when a situation occurs. Staff are unsure when a student is responsible enough to be self-reliant. Limitations include, not having a representative sample from all the school districts. Also, only two healthcare providers answered questionnaires and they were from the same medical centers hosting study. In addition, participants were paid $30 for their time, which could influence who
Egypt has a large history of ancient civilizations. Those civilizations were advanced in many ways. Approximately 5,000 years ago, Egyptians had a very advanced civilizations - more advanced than China and India. Thanks to the seven indicators of civilizations, people today can learn about ancient egypt and its advanced civilizations.
A task force begins identifying asthma as one of the four, priority areas seeking immediate attention. The plan put together was called: Asthma and the Environment; a Strategy to Protect Children. In addition, to 5 other strategy ways that are called: strengthening and acceleration, implementation, establishment of coordination, and identification. These factors were later changed around 1999, making the task force remap a new strategy. This strategy improvised more questions, so the task team had to explain the cost of asthma. Next, was understand the primary reason for preventing the asthma rate to decrease. Studies were shown from National Health Interview Survey and Medical Expenditures Panel Survey that asthma has one of the most, common chronic condition among children’s
Asthma is a respiratory disease characterized by spasms in the bronchi of the lungs, resulting in difficulty breathing as well as coughing, wheezing, and chest tightness. This condition affects nearly 26 million Americans, and causes over 5,000 deaths and 2 million emergency department visits in the US each year. While asthma affects people of every race, sex, and age, it is more prevalent in specific populations of people, such as low-income housing communities in San Diego. Various risk factors contribute to the development of asthma, such as (1) having a parent that lives with (or has a history with) asthma, (2) being classified as an overweight individual, (3) having sensitization to different irritants and allergens, and (4) struggling
If triggers can be identified and eliminated or exposure can be reduced, the child’s symptoms will arise less often and their overall quality of life will improve. Another huge teaching point for parents and patients is recognizing the signs and symptoms of an asthma attack. There are specific signs and symptoms associated with asthma, if patients and family can recognize and effectively respond to these, there is a better chance of controlling the asthma and reducing the risk for complications. A third priority patient education topic is how to use spirometers and inhalers. Asthma requires devices to measure the airflow and the medications must be properly administered to facilitate the effectiveness of
The overall project goal was to lessen the asthma burden and improve health outcomes for asthmatic children and their families. Home health workers conducted household safety assessments, provided asthma prevention education and targeted environmental interventions to reduce indoor triggers and allergens. The study showed a significant improvement in the health during the 11-12 month follow up period, which essentially led to an increase in annual savings due to a decrease in emergency medical expenses. Despite findings in their favor, the follow-up period was too short. In order to build a stronger case, the follow up period should be on-going to measure long-term success.
The CDC reports that 6.8 million, or 9.3% of all children in the United States currently have asthma, making it the most common chronic childhood illness in the United States. It affects nearly 25% more boys than girls, and Non-Hispanic black children have nearly double the incidence of other ethnicities Also, 13% of children in poor families have asthma, compared to 8% of children in families that are not poor (CDC, 2012). Childhood asthma was responsible for 14 million lost school days in 2004 (Chipps, 2008). This paper discusses asthma and treatment as it pertains to a 13-year-old boy. Topics discussed include pathophysiology, growth and development concepts, patient assessment, management, interventions, patient and family teaching, and QSEN competencies.
Asthma is another health concern that is affecting one’s community as well. Some of the factors that are contributed to this concern could well be the pollution in the air as well the constant smoking around their children. On the other hand, member of the community failed to take care of themselves or to seek medical treatment until they are having an asthma attack.