Ataturk And Shah Research Paper

Ataturk and Reza Shah had a large influence on the governments of Turkey and Iran by secularizing and westernizing each. This secularization has had a distinct role in shaping the language, education, religion and government of both Turkey and Iran. Their end goals were to create a powerful and prevalent world powers that is distinct. Comparing the two countries, there were many similarities between each reformation, but each is distinct in certain aspects.

Ataturk reformed Turkey’s culture by transforming it to a secular republic from its once traditional Islamic government during the Ottoman Empire. Instead, an elected Grand National Assembly was established in order to form a democratic system. Furthermore, he changed the Turkish language from Arabic elements to the Roman alphabet. Not only that, education was further emphasized, old aristocratic principles were abolished, and the family names of Turkish citizens were changed to a more European style.

Some background information about the Islamic regime and the Shahs of Iran comes from the book, “In the twentieth century, Iran entered a new phase. Reza Shah decided to modernize and westernize the country, but meanwhile a fresh source of wealth was discovered: oil. And with the oil came another invasion. The West, particularly Great Britain, wielded a strong influence on the Iranian economy. During the Second World War, the British, Soviets, and Americans asked Reza Shah to ally himself with them against Germany. But Reza Shah, who sympathized with the Germans, declared Iran as a neutral zone. So the Allies invaded and occupied Iran. Reza Shah was sent into exile and was succeeded by his son, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, who was known simply as the Shah” (p.1-2). Which leads up to the reason why the shah seemed to have the worse policies.

The shah based many of his ideals on his role model, Mustafa Kamal Attaturk. But he was less successful than Ataturk in forging a strong national ideology because “Ataturk was able to control the mullahs and to find a place for them as well as for merchants and intellectuals in the new Turkey. He governed as an autocrat but also as a twentieth century politician. By contrast, Reza Shah ruled as a monarch, proving adept as centralization but not at delegation. ”[6] He saw the clergy as a hindrance to his plans for modernization and did everything possible to

Beginning with President Kemal, women began to have a much bigger voice on long standing issues in Turkey. “The new Civil Code, adopted in 1926, abolished polygamy and recognized the equal rights of women in divorce, custody, and inheritance” (Kandogen). Implementing the Civil Code ushered in a new era of the Turkish nation. No longer were women tied down in marriage due to the previous held laws that were reformed under President Kemal’s authority. Additionally, other strides were made to ensure the inclusion of women. “The entire educational system from the grade school to the university became coeducational. Ataturk greatly admired the support that the national liberation struggle received from women and praised their many contributions” (Kandogen). Education had mainly been given specifically to men during the Ottoman Empire in order to prepare them for battle, but Kemal’s efforts truly changed the male dominated nation. Although women’s rights continues to be an issue in Turkey to this day, the efforts made (beginning in 1926) established a more accepting and equal

The false or certifiable unselfishness of Mahmud the Gaznevide was not imitated by High mountain Arslan; and he assaulted without compunction the Greek ruler Eudocia and her youngsters. His disturbing advancement constrained her to give herself and her staff to the hand of a trooper; and Romanus Diogenes was contributed with the Majestic purple. His patriotism, and maybe his pride, asked him from Constantinople inside two months after his promotion; and the following effort he most outrageously took the field amid the heavenly celebration of Easter. In the royal residence, Diogenes was close to the spouse of Eudocia: in the camp, he was the head of the Romans, and he maintained that character with weak assets and invulnerable bravery. By his

The Ottoman were inter-communal meaning they desired to have harmony between religious groups. This great empire is known as having one of the longest reigns, not breaking for 36 generations, was ruled by Suleyman the Magnificent. He was a fierce leader known for his brutality but effective ways. The form of government he used was abolished in 1923 and replaced by a republican form of government in Turkey. Suleyman was called “Kanuni” meaning lawful. The government was well staffed and organized. Everything was clear as to what was expected,

When Mahmud Ghazan, the seventh ruler of the Mongol Empire's Ilkhanate division, came to power after his father Arghun, the economic state of Iran was deteriorating, the value of currency was decreasing and there was not enough wealth available for the government to rule over the country. In order to resolve this matter, Ghazan Khan reformed many elements of the Ilkhanate such as defining Islam as the state religion, land grants, standardizing currency and fiscal policy. This paper is an attempt to analyze the reforms of the Ilkhanid ruler Ghazan Khan and assess their effectiveness.

In 1975 my grandfather was offered a position with his company that would relocate him to Iran. He heavily considered taking it but declined. It wasn’t because he thought it would be unsafe for his family but rather the age of his children. Little did he know, four years later a group of Islamic militants would take over the United Sates embassy in Tehran and hold 52 American diplomats hostage. The Iranian revolution of February 1979 was a turning point that brought the downfall of an autocratic Iran and placed a strained on the relationship with the US. The world’s only theocratic nation was born.

At the crossroads between Europe and Asia, Turkey is a fascinating country. Dominated by Greeks, Persians and Romans in turn throughout the classical area, what is now Turkey was once the seat of the Byzantine Empire. In the 11th century, however, Turkish nomads from Central Asia moved into the region, gradually conquering all of Asia Minor. First the Seljuk and then the Ottoman Turkish Empires came to power, exerting influence over much of the eastern Mediterranean world, and bringing Islam to southeast Europe. After the Ottoman Empire fell in 1918, modern Turkey was founded in 1923 from the Anatolian remnants of the defeated Ottoman Empire by national hero Mustafa KEMAL, who was later honored with the title Ataturk, or "Father of the Turks."

Moving from one section to the next, Ahmed Sharif was the grandson of Muhammad ibn Ali as-Senussi, who founded the Senussi religious order in Cyrenaica in the middle of nineteenth century. In 1895, as-Senussi accompanied his father, Mohammed ash Sharif, and his uncle Mohammed el Mahdi, then leader of the Senussi order, on their trip from Jaghbub to Kufra, where they remained until 1899, and where Ahmed’s father died in 1896. In 1899 Mohammed el Mahdi and as-Senussi moved from Kufra to Zawiat Guru, in Chad,then to Bergo, aiming to check the French advance in Chad.

Emperor Akbar The Great rolled most of south Asia in the sixteenth and early seventeenth century. He took power at the age of 14. Although he was born and raised in a sunny Muslim family he received his education from two Suiia Persian schoolers on religious matters. After several militaries conflicted that expanded Akbar’s emperor far north as modern day Afghanistan and as far east Bengal, Akbar began to implement a new approach to none Muslims ushering in an era of religious tolerance

During the Islamic Revolution in the Iran, education was essential to the people. Sha wanted the Western education because he believed that it was best for Iranian people. Most of the women were involved in the demonstration of wearing the veil has some western education. The Islamic revolution wanted things to go back on the Islamic culture. Based on the complete Persepolis, in 1979, a revolution took place, and later called “The Islamic Revolution”. This is the period they were forcing people to do what they don’t want to do. The female was also forced to wear the veil in the school. Education will change a country, especially in undeveloped country. When people getting a quality education it will make life easier for them. Being educated is the most achievement any one can make. The more education you have the more knowledge you gain to solve problem in any situation you encounter yourself. In Marjane’ s life education make here to have confidence and satisfaction in everything she has done. Getting education must be encourage by the people, in our societies.

In the area of Aesthetic Medicine and Internal Medicine, Dr. Afshin Nasseri is a popular for many years. He is globally known as one of the leading internists with a notable experience of 23 years. After completing his education based on residency program from Brown/Boston University in 1999, Dr. Nasseri begin his training and clinical practice at several elite hospitals and clinics. Through hard work and great dedication, he attained an appreciable position with in-depth knowledge and various rewarding experiments.

The Ottoman Empire was a successful empire established by Osman Gaze, a Turkish tribal leader. It spanned at the end of the 13th century, and lasted to the beginning of the 20th century. The Ottoman conquest of Constantinople, the fall of the Byzantine Empire, brought enormous shock to Western and Central Europe, but the actual economic and politic influence was minor because of their connection to Africa as well as colonial expansion. However, the effect of Ottoman conquest brought themselves a wealth poured into Anatolia where was capital city of the Ottoman Empire and the place commercial and industrial power developed. This essay will be discussing mainly about the daily life of people such as religious exercise, education, law, and occupation