Atherosclerosis : A Serious Condition

     Atherosclerosis is one of a group of health problems that define coronary artery disease, oftentimes referred to as heart disease. Atherosclerosis is the leading cause of heart disease in the United States. The following is the definition provided by the American Heart Association:

Coronary artery disease remains number one killer of the western civilization despite 40 years of aggressive drug and surgical interventions (Esselstyn). Usually, pharmaceutical drugs, such as statin, are given to try to slow the progression, but may provide uncomfortable side effects. In fact, the majority of patients discontinue statins within 1 year of treatment initiation (Maningat). Furthermore, surgery is performed to circumvent clogged arteries and literally bypass the symptoms. In the last year, 500,000 coronary bypass procedures were performed (Swaminathan et al). However, these surgeries can have significant risks, including the potential to cause further heart damage, stroke, and brain dysfunction. Thus, it is evident that these way of treatments may not be enough on its own, and that getting to the

Sometimes atherosclerosis occurs in the carotid arteries, especially at the bifurcation or the point where the common carotid divides into the internal and external carotids. Atherosclerosis means that a potentially dangerous plaque has formed on the artery wall. Plaque is a sticky material made of fat and calcium which hardens the arteries and can block the flow of blood. This narrowing is sometimes called a carotid artery stenosis, meaning that the carotid artery has narrowed significantly.

Based on the common law duty of confidentiality (DOH, 2012) and recognizing peoples right to privacy and confidentiality (NMC, 2016) my patient discussed here will be addressed as MR BOB.

The coronary arteries supply oxygenated blood to the heart muscle. Plaque is a substance that can clog these arteries and cause a condition called atherosclerosis. The buildup of plaque can occur over many years which can ultimately lead to coronary heart disease (CHD). Plaque can harden and cause the arteries to become narrowed. This reduces the flow of oxygenated blood. Plaque may also burst and a blood clot may form causing a blockage of blood flow to the heart. In result to the blockage angina or a myocardium infarction can occur.

First, Coronary Artery Disease is a serious heart condition that impairs blood flow to the heart muscle. A nurse should have knowledge of the disease process, signs and symptoms, diagnostic tests, and treatments available. The coronary arteries supply blood, oxygen, and nutrients to the heart. The main coronary arteries are the left and the right arteries. The left coronary artery. The disease is typically caused by plaque accumulation in the coronary arteries. Atherosclerosis is the formation of plaque affecting layers of the large and midsize arteries. Plaque contains cholesterol, triglycerides, phospholipids, and collagen. When plaque accumulates in the arteries it decreases the size of the inside of the arteries. Plaque may surround the

Lesions on the arterial wall can cause them to become weak and get into the high risk area of dilatation and rupture. Atherosclerotic aneurysm is a disease of elderly persons, rare before age 50. Its frequency peak is around age of 70 years. It can be seen in different shapes, fusiform, saccular and cylindrical. The cause is usually atheroma expansion in the

Leo is a middle-aged male, who has been diagnosed as having a disorder called atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a vascular disease that occludes (blocks) arteries and weakens arterial walls (2014, Patton & Thibodeau p.394). Leo is experiencing pain while walking, because the hardened of the arteries is blocking the flow of blood to his legs. In addition, the thickening of and calcification reduce the flow of blood to the tissues”(2014, Patton & Thibodeau p.397). Individuals that suffering with this life threaten, blood vessel disorder are living in pain. The potential damage is cause can lead to a myocardial infarction. If Leo substance damage to this extreme he may benefit from a surgical replacement to restore his blood flow (2014, Patton & Thibodeau). In essence, there is no cure for atherosclerosis. Often people opt for surgery because treatment only slow down or halt the disease. The pain Leo feels when he walks is triggered by stiffening or hardening of the artery walls. When plaque clogs up the artery, it disrupts the flow of blood in the entire body. Leo’s physician may recommend vasodilators drugs to trigger the smooth muscles of the arterial walls to relax and dilate his arteries (2014, Patton &

Atherosclerosis, which leads to the formation of atheromas, is the foundation of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Though much is already known about the benefits of statins, their disease-modifying properties, in regards to inducing the regression of atheroma is still to be elucidated. Previous research has explored atheroma regression in specific diseases, but there is a need for a holistic literature review to come to a definitive conclusion as to whether atheroma reversal can occur.

The first part of the thesis is devoted to carotid atherosclerosis. Carotid arteries are the main blood suppliers of the brain. They are found on each side of the neck and they bifurcate to two arteries: internal carotid artery and external carotid artery (figure 1). Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease affecting large and medium-sized arteries including carotid arteries. It is an acquired disease which initiates at very early ages and progresses silently through decades. It is characterized by accumulation of cholesterol, calcium, lipid and other waste, also called plaques, within the inner wall of artery. The disease originates by dysfunction of endothelial cells, which are the cells forming the innermost layer of the vessel wall. Endothelial cells are semi-permeable and they control the

According to Heart foundation (2015) , coronary heart disease is a major cause of death in Australia, which kills about one Australian every 12 minutes. It is known that the development of atherosclerosis is the vital cause of coronary heart disease. It induces the accumulation of connective tissue rudiments, lipids, cells and other elements in the coronary artery wall (Hansson, 2005). This results in the asymmetric thickenings of the innermost layer, intima, which prevents adequate blood flow through arteries to supply to the organs and tissues. The plaques origin early in life and can progressively enlarge, harden and cause significant blockage(Hansson, 2005, Mathur, 2010). Else, the plaque can rupture and create blood clots,

Atherosclerosis is a chronic disease of the arterial wall that is characterized by the thickening of the arterial inner lining. These thickenings are often called atherosclerotic lesions or atheromas. Caused by the accumulation of cholesterol-rich lipids, lipid oxidation and inflammatory response, these atherosclerotic lesions are said to originate from fatty streaks in childhood. These fatty streaks result from an excess of lipid concentrations in the intima.

Cardiovascular diseases negatively affect the heart or blood vessels of the body. One of these diseases is known as Atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a disease that causes the hardening and narrowing of the arteries. Heart attacks and strokes await those that have these diseases (Joseph et al., 2009). Atherosclerosis can be caused by high blood pressure, smoking, and high cholesterol. Endothelium are a thin layer of cells that are supposed to keep the inside of the arteries smooth promoting healthy blood flow. When the endothelium is damaged and bad cholesterol moves past this area it collects. This causes plaque to form in the arteries restricting the flow of blood.

Large arteries are comprised of three distinct layers. The intima is the endoluminal layer and is lined with endothelial cells bound to a sheet of connective tissue made up predominantly of collagen and proteoglycans. It is in this layer that many of the initial and predominant changes of atherosclerosis occur. The media consists of smooth muscle cells, whereas the adventitia consists mostly of connective tissue elements such as fibroblasts.

The paramedic could determine why nitroglycerin didn't work because of alcohol. It is a positive impact of having too much alcohol in the body to interact with the medications. Taking nitroglycerin may cause dizziness or fainting. Feeling dizziness, anxiety, or shortness of breath is because the blood flow is not enough to function the heart muscle. When a person has MI or myocardial infarction it will become permanent damage of the muscle and tissue in the heart. If doesn't have enough oxygen, this caused chest pain or angina results. “This occurs when fatty deposits known as plaque causes a narrowing of the arteries, this is called Atherosclerosis.” When coronary arteries are clog, or narrowed it will become difficult to pass through the