Atherosclerosis: Coronary Heart Disease

Transportation has many roles in the cardiovascular system. First, our blood carries oxygen from our lungs to all of our tissues. While taking oxygen to our tissues, it also picks up carbon dioxide from them and takes it to our lungs to be removed from our body. Second, it delivers nutrients from our digestive tract to all of our body’s tissues. Third, it takes waste to our kidney’s to be removed from our body. Fourth, it

The heart pumps the blood around the body through the blood vessels which is made of mostly veins and capillaries. The blood carries the dissolved oxygen around the bodily

Did you know the circulatory system comprises the heart, veins, capillaries and arteries? The system moves pure oxygenated blood in a continuous and controlled way from the lungs and heart so that blood can reaches every cell. Blood travels through a type of network of vessels that include capillaries that permeate every tissue of the body. Once it’s depleted of oxygen, the blood returns to the lungs and heart and the cycle continues.

Atherosclerosis begins with damage to the inner wall of an artery. Substances in the body such as cholesterol, fats and cellular waste products accumulate inside the damaged area. Chemical reactions occurring within the build-up of these waste products cause cholesterol molecules to oxidize. This initiates an inflammatory response within the body in which the endothelial cells release chemicals. These chemicals are toxic to the body, signaling a call for help. In response to this chemical reaction, monoxides from the bloodstream travel to the affected site. Stimulation from the oxidized cholesterol turns the monoxides into macrophages. As a result, the macrophages change into foam cells, which accumulate over time to form plaque. As the plaque

The circulatory system is a vast network and is responsible for the flow of blood, nutrients, oxygen and other gases, and hormones to and from cells. The heart pumps oxygen rich blood from the lungs to all parts of the body through a network of tubes called arteries, and smaller branches within the system called arterioles. The blood is then returned to the heart through small vessels called venules and then into larger tubes called veins. Further along the closed loop of the circulatory system are capillaries, and it is here that the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between blood and body cells take place (mrbenton.com).

The cardiovascular system is one of the major body systems. The cardiovascular system is a transportation device that transports waste products,oxygen,nutrients,carbon dioxide, and hormones throughout the body through the blood. The cardiovascular system is made up of the heart, arteries, veins, capillaries (also known as blood vessels and blood. The heart is a hollow fist sized organ that is made up of muscle.It contains 4 chambers that all involuntarily contract to pump blood throughout the body. The four chambers are then separated into two sides (right side and left side). Both sides contain an atria and ventricle which pumps the blood out of the heart. Both sides also stop the black flow of blood. The heart also contains 3 layers.

The human cardiovascular system, or circulatory system, contains a few essential parts: the heart, blood, and blood vessels. The average adult has about five or six quarts of blood, which makes up approximately 7%-8% of an adult’s total body mass. While the oxygen and nutrients within the blood diffuse out of the blood vessels, the blood never leaves the blood vessels, making it a closed system. After leaving the left ventricle of the heart, by means of the semilunar valve, oxygenated blood enters circulation through the utilization of arteries. The arteries then transport the oxygenated blood, which in turn transports the oxygen and nutrients throughout the body. The oxygen and nutrients diffuse out of the arteries

This is lead to heart attack, stroke and some kind of organ failure. One of most importance event cellular migration that contributes to plaque development in atherosclerosis. During cell migration Filamin A cross-links F-actin filamints in leading edgs of the migrating cells and also has been shown to regulate signal transduction. Macrophages are present in atherosclerotic plaque and have the migratory properties that complicate atherogenesis.

Causes: Damage to the endothelium (keeps the inside of the arteries toned and smooth to keep blood flowing) caused by high blood pressure, smoking, high cholesterol that leads to formation of plaque as endothelium is damaged. When cholesterol covers the damaged endothelium, cholesterol enters wall of artery. Plaque is a jumble of cholesterol, cells, debris that creates a coating on the artery surface Worst case scenario may be fatal.

Atherosclerosis is a type of arteriosclerosis. Arteriosclerosis is a general term for the thickening and hardening of arteries. Atherosclerosis, or hardening of the arteries, is a pathological situation in which plaque builds up inside the arteries. Plaque is usually made of cholesterol, fatty substances, cellular products, calcium and fibrin (a clotting material in the blood). Atherosclerosis is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity from cardiovascular disease (CVD) around the world. The magnitude of this problem is so high that atherosclerosis claims more lives than all types of cancer combined and the financial burden are considerable1. It a complex, chronic pathological

Background research – The heart belongs to the circulatory and cardiovascular systems. The circulatory system delivers oxygen and nutrients to cells, takes away wastes, uses the heart to pump oxygenated and deoxygenated blood on different sides and has different types of blood vessels including arteries, capillaries and veins. (Better Health Channel, 2012) The heart is the main organ in the circulatory system, it is a muscular pump and its key function is to pump the blood throughout the body.

The circulatory system is a transportation network for your body. The red blood cells act like mail men carrying all kinds of nutrients and hormones and such that are needed by the cells, also red blood

While the heart beats, the blood goes through blood vessels known as the circulatory system. These vessels carry blood to all parts of the body. Blood is essential. There are three types of main blood vessels. These blood vessels are known as capillaries, arteries and veins, although they work differently. Arteries carry oxygen from the heart to all of the body tissues, capillaries which connect the veins and the arteries, allows oxygen, nutrients and carbon dioxide and other product waste pass to and from organ’s cells. Veins important role is to carry blood back to the heart.

Atherosclerosis is a disease in which plaque builds up inside of the arteries. Arteries are blood vessels that carry oxygenated blood to the heart and other parts of the body (5). The plaque that forms can be composed of from fat, cholesterol, calcium, and other substances found in the blood, which is dependent on a person’s diet. Over time the plaque will cause the arteries to harden which will cause them to lose their elastic function (5). If this happens it will limit blood flow of oxygen to the organs and other areas of the body. Atherosclerosis can lead to other serious medical problems such as heart attack, stroke, and eventually can lead to death. Coronary artery disease is when atherosclerosis effects the arteries supplying blood to the heart. More than 15.8 million Americans have a known coronary artery disease (6). Roughly eight million of them have experienced a heart attack. An estimated 500,000 people will die of coronary artery disease this year. One-third of all deaths in Americans older than 35 are due to coronary artery disease (6). 50% of men and one-third of women can expect to eventually have coronary artery disease. The death rate from coronary artery disease is higher in men than in women. Once a woman goes through menopause the rates of them developing atherosclerosis increases (5).

Inflammation can be an indicator of increased oxidative stress, and animal studies have provided powerful evidence to support the role of oxidative stress in atherosclerosis, particularly through oxidative modification of low density lipoprotein (LDL) whose uptake by macrophages is easier compared to non-oxidized lipoproteins [3]. Atherosclerosis is a progressive disease characterized by the accumulation of cholesterol deposits in macrophages in medium and large arteries. This deposition leads to a proliferation of certain cell types within the arterial wall, which gradually affects the vessel lumen and hinders the flow of blood. These early lesions are called “fatty streaks”, (can usually be found in the aorta in the first decade of life, in the coronary arteries in the second decade, and in the cerebral arteries in the third or