Atrial Fibrillation And Heart Failure

Heart Failure is a progressive heart disease when the muscle of the heart is weakened so that it cannot pump blood as it should; the blood backs up into the blood vessels around the lungs and the other parts of the body (NHS Choice, 2015). In heart failure, the heart is not able to maintain a normal range cardiac output to meet the metabolic needs of the body (Kemp and Conte, 2012). Heart failure is a major worldwide public health problem, it is the end stage of heart disease and it could lead to high mortality. At present, heart failure is usually associated with old age, given the dramatic increase in the population of older people (ACCF/AHA, 2013). In the USA, there are about 5.7 million adults who have heart failure, about half of the people die within 5 years of diagnosis, and it costs the nation an estimated $30.7 billion each year (ACCF/AHA, 2013).

Cardiac diseases alone have been estimated, direct and indirect costs, for the overall American population are “approximately $165.4 billion for 2009” (CDC, 2013). A survey found that heart disease accounted for 4.2 million of the hospitalizations in 2006. In 62% of these cases were short stay hospitalizations and occurred amount peoples ages 65 and older. These hospitalization rates also vary by gender, racial, and ethnic groups.

If this were to happen over a long period of time it can lead to an overall decreased cardiac output. Aside from the decreased cardiac output, a potential for blood clots is now present since there is pooling in the atria chambers (Ignatavicius & Workman, 2013). Stress, surgery, lung disease, and hypertension, are just a few concerns that can lead to atrial fibrillation (Cleveland Clinic, 2014) Atrial Fibrillation is divided into three categories: Paroxysmal, which is where heart beat becomes irregular all of a sudden and then corrects itself quickly; Persistent, where the irregular heart rate occurs for more than a week, and either clears up on its own or with treatment; and Permanent, which is where a normal heart rhythm cannot be reestablished with treatment (Cleveland Clinic, 2014). Symptoms of atrial fibrillation can vary depending on the person, and the severity of the dysrhythmia. Because decreased cardiac output over a period of time is something to worry about, it is important to assess the patient for fatigue, weakness, shortness of breath, dizziness, anxiety, syncope, palpitations, chest pain, and hypotension. Some patients are even asymptomatic (Ignatavicius & Workman, 2013).

Heart Failure Christy Harding Western Governors University C155- Pathopharmacological Foundations for Advance Nursing Practice Heart failure affects nearly 6 million Americans. It is the leading cause of hospitalization in people older than 65. Roughly 550,000 people are diagnosed with heart failure each year (Emory Healthcare, 2014). Heart failure is a pathologic state where the heart cannot pump enough blood to meet the demand of the body’s metabolic needs or when the ventricle’s ability to fill is impaired. It is not a disease, but rather a complex clinical syndrome. The symptoms of heart failure come from pulmonary vascular congestion and inadequate perfusion of the systemic circulation. Individuals experience orthopnea,

Question 6 Identify five (5) Diagnostic tests that would be performed on Mr Bellows. Explain the indicators for the test and identify normal result values (5 marks) 12 Lead Electrocardiogram (ECG) - There are typical changes to the normal pattern of the ECG in a heart attack. Patterns that occur include pathological

Heart Failure By Mohammad El-Maoued The heart is an organ that pumps oxygenated blood to the body and deoxygenated blood to the lungs. Heart failure is when the heart can’t pump blood very well. If the heart fails to work properly, a major system called the circulatory system won’t work properly and therefore the whole human body will fail to work properly because the cells won’t be able get oxygenated blood and use the oxygen to undergo cellular respiration and make energy.

Heart failure is a chronic, progressive condition in which the heart muscle is unable to pump enough blood through to meet the body 's needs for blood and oxygen. Basically, the heart can 't keep up with its workload. American Heart Association Statistics (2016) reveals that heart failure accounts for 36% of cardiovascular disease deaths. Projections report a 46% increase in the prevalence of Heart Failure (HF) by 2030 by affecting over 8 million people above 18 years with the disease. Healthy People 2020 goals are focused on attaining high quality longer lives free of preventable diseases, promotion of quality of life, healthy development and healthy behaviors across all stages of life (Healthy People 2020, 2015).

I. Congestive Heart Failure Heart failure (HF) is defined as a multifaceted clinical syndrome that can result from any structural or functional cardiac disorder that impairs the ability of the ventricle to fill with or eject blood. In HF, the heart may not provide tissues with adequate blood for metabolic needs, and cardiac-related elevation of pulmonary or systemic venous pressures may result in organ congestion1. In the United States, HF is increasing in incidence with about 5.1 million people suffering from HF and half of people who develop HF die within 5years 2. Over 75% of existing and new cases occurred in individuals over 65 years of age, < 1% in individuals below 60 years, nearly 10% in those over 80 years of age. HF costs the

Heart failure is a major health problem worldwide, but especially in the United States. The CDC estimates that over 5.7 million Americans are living with heart failure, and that

Heart failure is more commonly diagnosed in the elderly population. There are ways to help manage heart failure like lifestyle modifications and use of pharmacology, and assessment for surgical intervention. Treatment of heart failure requires intensive medical, dietary, behavioral, and lifestyle modification to achieve improved quality of life, fewer hospitalizations, and decreased mortality (Singh, H., McGregor, Nigro, Higginson, and Larsen, 2014).

What is atrial fibrillation? Atrial fibrillation, also known as afib, is an irregular heartbeat that produces disorganized electrical signals within the heart. This results in quivering of the atria, or top chambers of the heart which allows blood to pool. Stagnant blood in the atria increases the risk of developing a blood clot.1 The blood clot can enter the bloodstream and travel to the brain resulting in a stroke. Atrial fibrillation is associated with a 5 times increased risk for stroke, and approximately 15-20 percent of people who experience a stroke have atrial fibrillation.2 Symptoms of atrial fibrillation are heart palpitations, shortness of breath, weakness, chest pain, dizziness, nausea, and fatigue.1(p6) The incidence of afib increases

So what is congestive heart failure? A simple definition is the heart 's inability to pump blood to the rest of the body but it goes way beyond that. The body’s natural mechanisms try to compensate for the changes that

Heather Horsley Wilkes University School of Nursing Abstract Heart failure (HF) is a chronic progressive disease, arising from structural or functional disorders of the heart, in which incidence increases with age. This review attempts to describe the types and causes of HF while focusing on variable aspects of patient education that have a positive effect on patient outcome and quality of life. Specifically, the potential benefits of this education for a 55 year old male patient diagnosed by transthoracic echocardiogram with chronic systolic heart failure, who has refused physician deemed necessary

The heart is one of the vital organs that is needed to keep an individual’s body operating. When the heart begins to fail, it takes an abundant toll on the body that is unrepairable. In today’s society people with heart failure are more likely to die within a year without

OUTLINE I. Introduction II. What is a stroke? A. Symptoms of a stroke B. Factors leading to strokes 1. Medical conditions that increase your stroke risk 2. Controllable risk factors 3. Uncontrollable risk factors III. Diagnose and treatment A. How a stroke