ATTENTION DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER
Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity disorder, also commonly referred to as ADHD, is a disorder that affects one’s attention, activity and impulsivity. It is one of the most common neurobiological disorders among children and adolescents, and is diagnosed using the DSM-5, a class of neurodevelopmental disorders.
According to Schug, Robert & Fradella, Henry. (2015) DSM is, “The primary tool used in the United States to define and diagnose mental illnesses. The DSM was created by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) in 1952 and is currently in its fifth edition (DSM-5) (p. 508)”. When ADHD was first introduced in 1980, it fell under the DSM-III category, but as scientific research has given more
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Also, that the symptoms have been ongoing for at least six months. This is criteria such as, the person not being able to pay close attention to details or often making careless mistakes in activities for work or school. Another couple of symptoms on the list of criteria for attention deficit are being forgetful in daily activities, or not following through on instructions often, such as not finishing their homework or not finishing tasks that the person may have at work. These are just some examples of the criteria that has to be met for attention deficit disorder. The same guideline rules apply for meeting the criteria of hyperactivity impulsivity. Some of the criteria that falls under the category for hyperactivity impulsivity would be things such as, the person being fidgety or not being able to sit still. Repeatedly getting out of their seat when they are supposed to remain sitting. The person talking excessively, or often interrupting or intruding on others’ conversations. So, according to Schug, Robert & Fradella, Henry. (2015), in order to meet the DSM-5 criteria of having attention deficit, or hyperactivity impulsivity, or a combination of the two, the person must have 6 (5 if over the age of 17) of the symptoms on the attention deficit list, or 6 (5 if over the age of 17) of the symptoms on the hyperactivity impulsivity
ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) or ADD (Attention Deficit Disorder), a mental illness in which every American thinks they seem to have at times. Many people seem to think they have ‘ADHD brain’ or say they are ‘so ADHD’. ADHD or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder is a mental disorder which is characterized by the DSM-V as impairing one's attention, shifting tasks constantly, and displaying hyperactive behavior (European consensus statement on diagnosis and treatment of Adult ADHD: The European Network Adult ADHD). Although some people seem to think ADHD is just something kids experience nowadays, recent research is showing perhaps ADHD is a product of natural selection, and at one time needed to survive
Primarily Hyperactive also includes nine signs, and six of the nine need to be present to have this type of ADHD. Fidgeting, squirming, getting up many times, running or climbing at inappropriate times, talking too much, not playing quietly, talking out of turn, always on the go, and interrupting, are the nine signs of this type of ADHD. The object of the article and website is to help parents and educators see the signs and symptoms of ADHD, and how to treat the disorder. The web pages are from 2016, which makes the information current and detailed and the opinions are fact based and accurate, with proven studies, the articles are processed through a medical editorial board, and not just one author’s opinion. The object of the article and website is to help parents and educators see the signs and symptoms of ADHD, and how to treat the disorder. Health care providers, such as pediatricians, psychiatrists, and child psychologists, can diagnose ADHD with the help of standard guidelines from the American Academy of Pediatrics or the American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM). (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Diagnosing ADHD no year retrieved from
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder or ADHD which is often referred to as childhood hyperactivity, it 's a severe and chronic disorder for children. It is one of the most prevalent childhood disorders, and affects 3% to 5% of the school-age population. Boys outnumber girls three or more to one. Children with ADHD can experience many behavioral difficulties that often manifest in the form of inattention, being easily distracted, being impulsive, and hyperactivity. As a result, children with ADHD may develop emotional, social, developmental, academic, and family problems because of the frustrations and problems they are constantly experiencing. (Shea)
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder also known as ADHD is chronic condition marked by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and sometimes impulsivity. According to the centers for disease control and prevention, in the United States at least 4.5 million people have been diagnosed with ADHD under the age of eighteen.
The official definition of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is “recognized as a brain disorder marked by an ongoing pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity that interferes with functioning or development,” as reported by the National Institute of Mental Health (2016). This website also broke down each component of this disorder to help understand it better as well. Inattention means that the person wanders off task and hyperactivity means that the person seems to move about constantly. However, not only does a person who suffers from ADHD have an issue with inattention and hyperactivity, but that person also is subject to impulsivity which is where that person makes “hasty actions that occur in the moment without first thinking about repercussions,” (National Institute of Mental Health, 2016). According to another source, “ADHD is a developmental, neurobiological condition defined by the presence of severe pervasive
There are a couple of reasons why it is more difficult to diagnose an adult with ADHD than it is to identify a child with the same problem. One of the problems is that there is no real test for ADHD. Instead there are a series of evaluations that must be done that rule out other problems (2). The American Psychiatric Association describes the symptoms and criteria for diagnosing mental disorders in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Information used to diagnose the condition includes: an interview with the person, medical history, to include asking about the social, emotional, educational, and behavioral history of the person, physical exam, behavior rating scales or checklists for ADHD to evaluate the person's symptoms.
Hyperactivity and impulsivity: Six (or more) of the following symptoms have persisted for at least 6 months to a degree that is inconsistent with developmental level and that negatively impacts directly on social and academic/occupational activities.
To the dismay of a large population in society, there is a stigma pertaining to mental illnesses and their credibility. People are under the impression that since these diseases are not physically seen, they aren’t real. Despite that, most mental illnesses have been accredited as real health concerns, but there is still speculation surrounding Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). There are some, including the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), who are adamant in the fact that ADHD is a true illness, however there are other outside sources who argue there is not enough credible evidence to define ADHD as a mental disorder. This very argument has fueled psychologists to put their full efforts into finding
The definition given by the DSM-IV encompasses three behaviors to be symptoms of ADHD: inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity. This definition offers minimal understanding of this prevalent but yet misunderstood condition. Professionals from various fields and educational backgrounds have researched this disorder since its introduction in 1980, though they have discovered treatments to counter act some of the behaviors the causes and cure are yet to be found.
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental condition where an individual shows extreme impulsivity, has difficulty sustaining attention and is overly active, to an extent that he/she might find it difficult to sit at one place for more than a minute. It is a disorder with a recognized and persistent behavioral pattern that normally shows up during childhood.
These symptoms could be trouble staying focused on tasks or activities, not listening when being spoken to, not following instructions, finishing tasks, trouble organizing, avoiding or not liking schoolwork or homework, losing things, easily distracted or forgetful in daily activities. The individual must also have six or more symptoms of hyperactivity and impulsivity. The symptoms could be unable to remain seated, running or climbing when it is inappropriate, unable to play quietly, talks excessively, blurts out answers before a question has been completed, has trouble waiting their turn, or interrupts or intrudes on others. The symptoms must be present long enough to be disruptive and inappropriate to the patient’s developmental level and some of the symptoms must be present before the age of seven. The symptoms also must present in more than one setting, such as school and home or in adult, work and home. The symptoms also should not be linked to some other condition or personality disorder. (Funk & Wagnalls New World Encyclopedia, 1p. 1. 2016).
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), is a neurobehavioral disorder that affects school aged children with a high degree of inattention, excessive hyperactivity, impulsivity or a combination of any of these. In order for a child to be diagnosed with ADHD, there must be two different environments in which the child has displayed his or her symptoms and it must occur before the child is twelve years of age (Halter, 2014). Children have a high comorbidity level with developmental, learning and psychiatric problems. There are three types of ADHD; inattentive type, hyperactive-impulsive type and combination type. With inattentive type the child displays disorganization, is unable to complete tasks, becomes easily bored, and
According to Foley (2010), children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder were categorized into two groups with nine behaviors associated with each category of ADHD. Behaviors with the inattentive category include failing to pay attention, and making careless mistakes, difficulty keeping that attention, not following through or listening, difficulty organizing, low task persistence, easily distracted, forgetful and losing things. Behaviors associated with the category of hyperactivity include a child being out of their seat and fidgeting, running and climbing excessively,
The primary features of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder include inattention and hyperactive-impulsive behavior. ADHD symptoms start before age 12, and in some children, they're noticeable as early as 3 years of age. ADHD symptoms can be mild, moderate or severe, and they may continue into adulthood.
In order to make a diagnosis of ADHD individuals must exhibit at least 6 symptoms either from the predominately inattentive, predominately hyperactivity-impulsivity, or 6 symptoms combined across the two categories (American Psychological Association, 2013). Symptoms are chronic and first occur before 12 years of age and clearly impair social, academic, or occupational functioning; symptoms occur in two or more settings; and symptoms do not occur as a result of another developmental, psychotic, or other mental health disorder (American Psychological Association,