Atwoo

The initial task was aimed to test whether the motor could life a range of valued weights between 20 grams and 100 grams. Whilst testing the motors capacity to hold certain weights, an input and an output formula were used to calculate the efficiency of the motor. This was relative to the Voltage, Current, time, gravity, height (string off the ground) and the mass of the weights. Fortunately each of the three sets of four given weights was successfully lifted by the motor across a variation of times. This data also changed the readings on the voltmeters and ammeters. The results that were calculated along with the efficiencies were both successful and astounding to come across especially as the graphs trend above goes up and down, rather than in a single direction.

where M and l are the mass and the moment of inertia about the axis of oscillation respectively. The acceleration to gravity However, with limited resources and time, we manage just to establish the relationship among T, l , d and an additional unit f, length of suspension. Others are just ignored at the time being. Before going on discussing the hypothesis, it is worthwhile to get used to what equipments are used and how they are arranged. To make the experiment fair, extra apparatus are used. For the sake of convenience, all apparatuses employed with their respective quantities used are tabulated below: Apparatuses Ruler Specification 20 cm plastic 30 cm plastic 50 cm wood 100 cm wood Threads (Filaments) Stand and clamp Set square Spirit level Stop watch Wooden block Stickers / / / / Accurate to 0.01 seconds / / Quantities used 1 piece 1 piece

Next is Newton’s second law of motion also known as the “Law of Force and Acceleration”. He was the first to recognize the relationship between force and mass in the production of acceleration. This discovery became one of the most central rules of nature that was able to shape the form of physics. The law states; “The acceleration of an object as produced by a net force is directly proportional to the magnitude of the net force, in the same direction as the net force, and inversely proportional to the mass of the object”. This is usually expressed by the equation Force= mass x acceleration (F=ma). The law also states that the smaller the object the higher the acceleration there will be and vise versa the larger the object the smaller the acceleration will be. The acceleration of an object depends on the net force acted on the object and the mass of the object. If the mass and net force is both doubled then the acceleration will remain unchanged. This law also gives a explanation for why objects with different masses are able to fall with equal/same acceleration. If the object is only acted on by the gravitational force then air resistance is negligible which is called free fall. During free fall the acceleration of the objects also depends on its inertia and uses the equation Force/mass=gravity (F/m=g), g always

A 70.0-kg person stands on a scale placed on the floor of an elevator. Find: - the weight of the person (magnitude and direction), - the normal force by the scale on the person (magnitude and direction), - and what the scale reads (in kilograms) in the following cases: (a) The elevator moves up with a constant speed of 2.0 m/s2 . (b) The elevator has a constant upward acceleration of 2.0 m/s2 . (c) The elevator has a constant downward acceleration of 2.0 m/s2 . (d) The cable snaps and the elevator falls freely (ignore friction and the bloody end!). SOLUTION: The weight of the person depends on Mass and g, therefore: W = M g = (70.0 kg) 9.80 m/s2 = 686 N downward in all

Abstract: A force table that had three weight hangers, numerous masses and pulleys attached to it, which were used to reach static equilibrium. Third angles for each of the systems were: System 1:349.8, 350.3, 350.1; system 2: 8.3, 9.1 8.8; system 3: 9.8, 10.5, 10.2; system 4: 58.3. 57.5, 58.8; system 5: 48.7, 49.1, 48.1.

So, increasing the force of friction would also increase the coefficients. Hypothetically, if the force of friction increases and the normal force stays the

Sir Isaac Newton 's laws of motion are three laws which provide relationships between the forces acting on a physical body and the motion of the body. They were first compiled by Sir Isaac Newton in his work Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica, published on July 5th, 1687. These laws of motion are composed of three laws: Inertia, F=ma, and equal and opposite forces. These laws explain and give reasons for the motion of all objects. In everyday life friction is all around us. In this experiment the effects of friction will be studied, and friction is the resistance that one surface or object encounters when moving over another. Friction is caused in part by Newton’s First Law of Motion: Inertia. The law of inertia states that an object at rest will stay at rest unless acted upon by a force. It also states that an object in motion will continue to travel at the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.

Introduction: In this lab we were trying to prove right Newton 's Second Law which is F=ma. We had used mass and force to test if the law was would match up with our experiment. In the first experiment we used a car and put a certain amount of weights in it to see how much it would affect the mass, time and velocity. In the second experiment, we stretched a rubber band from 1cm to 5cm and released the car from the length of the rubber bands to calculate the time and velocity. In both problems to calculate velocity we used, 1 cm divided by the time calculated by the photogate. Our hypothesis was that if more mass is added, then acceleration will decrease and if force increases then acceleration will also increase. In both experiments we had calculated the velocity. Since acceleration is the rate of which velocity either increases or decreases, we could see if the car was accelerating or decelerating in the experiments.

The objective of this experiment was to trial and prove Newton’s Third Law. Newton’s Third Law states for every action there is a reaction equal in magnitude and opposite in direction. In this experiment, by analyzing the difference of magnitudes of forces detected by the force sensors. This experiment consists three parts, each with different situations. Using the graphs, the forces were analyzed and used to determine whether the Newton’s Third law is valid.

This lab was about the Atwood machine, a system consisting of a pulley in the air with a length of string running through the pulley and different masses on either side of the string. We had pulled the lighter mass to the ground, suspending the heavier mass in a known height that we had measured and recorded off the ground. We timed with a stopwatch the time it took for the heavier mass to hit the ground. We performed five trials for each of the three mass differences and calculated an average measured acceleration for each of the three. We detirmed the Atwood formula, A= g(m2-m1)/ (m2 + m1), which allowed us to find a theoretical acceleration using the masses of the two different masses, to be used to compare to our measured accelerations.

By calculating the tension that was being applied to the string, T=(m_1+m_2 )g, where m_1 is the mass of the hanging weight, and m_2 is the mass of the portion of the string hanging from the pulley, and by calculating the linear mass density (μ) of the stretched string. After finding the tension (T), and the linear mass density (μ), the predicted speed can be found using Equation (7.1):

For Case 2, the fourth pulley was at 15 degrees and 50 grams on the hanger. The experimental equilibrant force magnitude, 50 grams, was way higher than the calculated equilibrated force magnitude, 35.64 grams. Additionally, the calculated equilibrant force direction, 194.99 degrees, did not agree with the experimental equilibrant force direction, 15 degrees. During the experiment, when the fourth pulley was put on 194.99 degrees and tested with different grams on the hanger, the ring in the center of the force table was not able to hold firmly. So, different angles and masses were tested to achieve equilibrium. After various trial and errors, 15 degrees with 50 grams was the one that was able to hold the ring firmly in the center. Since the experimental equilibrant force was found through trial and errors, there was a pretty high percent error of 44.5%.

In conclusion, there were many differences between the calculations found between the trials with and without the plungers of the lab cart. The key differences were the differences between duration of impact, average force, and impulse of both trials.

The specific purpose of this experiment was to verify three physical concepts based on Newton’s Laws. These concepts are vector addition, force as a vector, and the law of equilibrium. The densities of two different objects were compared by measuring their masses and volumes. In this experiment, two different sets of methods of volume measurement were compared to the density computation of an object bearing a standard shape. In addition, the density computation was used to determine the buoyant force acting on different objects. At this point, it was observed that an object maintains a constant velocity if all the external forces cancel out one another (no net force results from the unbalanced forces acting on an object). In this case, a force table was used to study Newton’s First Law of Motion. These forces were represented as F1, F2, and F3. Analysis of results obtained from the experiment proved that the value of F3 determined through calculations was less than the measured value of F3. In Trial#1, for example, the calculated value of F3 was 211.59g @ 2430 while the measured value of F3 was 215g @2430, translating to a % difference of 0.5g @20. Although the primary objectives of the lab were achieved, errors (in particular, static friction) occurred during the experiment. These errors were observed

Here, F = the force on the object (in units of Newtons), m = the object's mass (in kilograms), and a = the resulting acceleration (in units of meters per second per second, or meters/second2).