Australia As A Part Of The Commonwealth

In World War 1, all Australian soldier enlisted voluntarily. When the war first began, this was more than enough to support the war effort overseas. But, when the news of the casualties and conditions at war became known on the home front, the number of enlistments fell rapidly. Australia was under a lot of pressure from Britain to ensure that the promised number of men would be enlisted. Under a lot of stress, Prime Minister William Hughes came to the decision the hold a referendum to see if the people of Australia agreed or disagreed with conscription and compulsory service overseas.

Australia’s new dependence on America resulted in a large influx of American soldiers to Australia and while Australian society was initially accepting and welcoming of their unorthodox culture, behaviours and morals, this quickly turned to contempt and created an unsavoury relationship between Australians and Americans whom they saw as being a bad influence on the women and youth of Australia. Australians regarded Americans as being, “overpaid, oversexed and over-here”. However, while this had the possibility to cause influential divides in society, Australians realised the necessity for the American presence in their country and the security they had provided, overruling any irritation felt towards them. The Australian war effort in the pacific regions had also served to amplify and fuel the ‘Anzac legend’ creating a national sense of pride and unity during the war. Australia’s involvement in the Second World War thus served to create a more independent Australia, in charge of its own policies and decisions in foreign affairs, creating cohesion within society.

Source 4 mentions two common sayings to do with Australian realisations entering the war, "here Australia became a nation" and Blightly [Britain] is a failure, take me to Australia" (Stanley, 2011). The service of 320 thousand Australians stimulated the first growth of a self-conscious Australian nationalism. At the landing at Gallipoli Australian troops expected to learn from the British but instead looked down on them as amateurs and were disappointed with their performance, efficiency and supplies. "Real sense of inequality of sacrifice" (Carrodus, Delany, Easton, Howitt and Smith, 2014). Source 5 makes notice of the fact that by the middle of 1915 the reality of war began to dawn. Australians became disillusioned with the news of deaths upon deaths and war waged on with no visible end. Endless, helplessness, unfairly treated feelings. Australia was divided due to the working class feeling exploited and the middle and upper classes being affected less by the war. "It was a hollow mockery for citizens to celebrate the glories of ANZAC Day unless they were prepared to fulfil their promises and do their duty to the men who had fought and suffered through the war." (Brand, 1925). Source 6 is a quote from a recent time after WW1, it shows the pride Australians had in their soldiers, that they thought they were brave and to

During the early war period, there was a rush of Australian men enlisting to defend their mother country. The inherent sense of pride and patriotism that pervades Australian culture today was part of the driving force behind these men’s intentions. The First World War was propagated as an opportunity to seek adventure and see new exotic places, all the while defending their country. Peer pressure played a major role in inspiring these young men to enlist as they were told to “do their nation proud”. Conclusively, there were a variety of factors contributing to a young man’s urge to enlist but the hastened timeframe and imminent “call to adventure” caused the rush of people to enlist between 1914 to 1915.

In Australia, during World War One, conscription was one of the most divisive and bitter arguments of the time, however, it can be argued that conscription had a huger impact on Australia in World War Two than in World War One due to its implementation. By 1916, two years after World War One had begun, most of

Nothing was more divisive than the conscription debate in Australia during the First World War. The highly debated issue of conscription - compulsory enlistment for military service, particularly overseas - had a significant effect on Australian society.

The Home Front is often overlooked when discussing the impact of World War One (WWI), as the impact is often less glorified when compared to the bloodshed of the battlefields. This exhibition looks at life in Australia during WWI and explores the experiences of those away from the actual fighting who are at home. By extensively using primary sources and brief profiles of both notable and everyday Australians during WWI, the exhibit gives a holistic view on life in Australia during the Great War. The exhibit focuses on the themes of the initial excitement of those in Australia when the war began, technology advancements, how the public received news of the war and their reaction to it, as well as the sense of growing disillusionment that developed as the war progressed. It comprehensively looks at these experiences and emotions and describes them with clarity.

Even though there was major support for Australia’s involvement in the war, it was not wide sprea. To be precise, the issue of conseption created a great debate in the Australian public. Australian troops fighting overseas registered voluntary and at first there was excessive enthusiasm for enlistment. Nevertheless the massive death toll and span of war meant that by 1916 the number of volunteers was not enough to meet the required number of the british millitary command. William Morris Hughes the Australian Prime Minister, was committed to supplying the AIF and the British Government with as many reinforcements as possible. He chose to put a poll to the Australian people. The poll suggested that men undertaking compulsory military training

World War I (1914-1918) was considered the 'Great War' and Australia’s Gallipoli campaign has always been considered as the pinnacle of the Australian military feats. This is due to the constant glorification of the event despite the fact it was an unmitigated failure. However, the work of the Australian army force in the most important battleground of WW1 the 'Western Front' is often cast under the shadow of Gallipoli. The battles on the Western Front took place in France, Belgium and parts of Germany and this is where some of the most pivotal battles were fought. The contribution and success of the Australians will be assessed through the analysis of several sources related to four major contributions related to the Western Front. These include the amount of Australians involved, the external opinions of Australia in the Western front, The Battle of

The ‘ANZAC’ myth is very important as it gives Australians a sense of nationalist pride and it has a political value as, Professot Beaumont argues “The emphasis on Gallipoli and the Anzac legend has really been part of our political culture. It is not part of history” .Many Australians believe that Australia became a “nation in 1915” and that “our values and traditions were forged in military” which, may ultimately be the reason as to why Australians continue to resonate the ANZAC myth so strongly in their daily

The Anzac (short for Australia New Zealand Army Corps) Spirit may not appear much in popular culture, but it refuses to die. The Anzac Day, which is held annually to honour the Anzac soldiers, appears over-zealously Australian than Kiwi when in fact, it should be both. But in spite of such observations, the history of Anzac and its exploits in World War I bears important lessons, which future generations, regardless of politics, race and creed, should reflect upon.

It can be argued that the modern world was formed under the influence of innovation, revolution, conflict and ideology. Peter Weir’s film Gallipoli is undoubtedly an inspiring and thought-provoking story that bring alive the blood-drenched fields of history. It considers why soldiers enlisted, our relationship with Great Britain, and the coming age of Australia as a nation. Many historians, however, suggest that the film does not tell a totally accurate version of what happened in this key moment in our nation’s story.

(a) The original jurisdiction of the Supreme Court stated in Article 75 of the Constitution that "in all matters: (i) arising out of treaties; (ii) affecting consuls or other representatives of other countries; (iii) where the community, or a person to sue or be sued on behalf of the Commonwealth, is one of the parties; (iv) between states, or between residents of different states or between a state and a resident the other State, (V) in which a writ of mandamus or prohibition or an injunction against an officer of the Commonwealth is requested, the Supreme Court shall have original jurisdiction "of the Supreme Court derives its authority from the voters of the Commonwealth.

World War 1 was a national mobilization, with the entire nation contributing to sustain Australia’s demography at both homefront and battlefronts, in similar context to World War 2. The First world war saw unprecedented damage and carnage, as new military commandment fortified soldiers and civilians to undoubtedly fight for

In 1914, long-term tensions between European powers sparked a detrimental global conflict known as World War 1. During this time, Australia held a strong alliance with Britain, which meant that when Britain declared war, Australia willingly backed its mother country “to the last man and the last shilling” (Fisher, 1914). The Gallipoli campaign was one of many battles, yet its effect on Australia was most significant. The primary goal was to capture the Dardanelles, allowing supplies to be shipped to Russian troops in Germany (Darlington et al, 2012, p.236). After the initial attempt by naval attack failed, another attack was planned. In 1915, 78 000 ANZAC soldiers landed on the shores of Gallipoli possessing unique qualities. Even though this campaign was considered a military failure, an inspiring legacy was born. Through establishing these undeniable qualities of courage, sacrifice, mateship and endurance, and comparing them to the legend, it is evident that the ANZAC legend is an accurate portrayal of the Australian soldiers during World War 1.