Australopithecus Augusis Research Paper

Australopithecus Afarensis: Even longer face, cranial capacity looks even more disproportionate with face, cheekbones are very distinctive

The changes in morphology that resulted from selection for bipedalism included a readjustment of the pelvis and changes in the major locomotive muscle attachments. Habitual bipedalism necessitated a reduction in the gap between the sacroiliac joint and acetabulum, with a reduced sagittal breadth. Though the pelvis of early hominids differs from that of modern humans, but still had the traits necessary for habitual bipedalism. The Australopithecine pelvis is more similar to humans than to chimpanzees (Lovejoy, 1988): The blade of the illium is longer and wider in chimpanzees than in Australopithecus or Homo. This obvious difference is due to the functions of the pelvis in each species’ body, like being a weight bearing bone versus. Australopithecus afarensis, particularly Lucy, had a mosaic of anatomical traits featuring both human and apelike features. The short pelvis and broad iliac blades which curve around the side forming the area of gluteal muscle attachment confirmed that Au. afarensis was at least a habitual biped (Lovejoy,

This provides further evidence that LB1 and the other Liang Bua specimens belong to a unique species. One interesting observation is that the foot structure analyzed was likely not developed for endurance running or sprinting (Jungers, et al., “foot of Homo floresiensis”), indicating that the population likely did not rely on chasing down prey.

The Australopithecine are some of the earliest known hominids and they embody many characteristics that are associated with bipedalism. Bipedalism is a highly specialized and unusual form of primate locomotion that sets modern humans apart from all other living primates as we are the only extant obligate bipeds. Many evolutionary biologists and paleoanthropologists have devoted innumerable research hours to attempting to understand this unique form of locomotion and how it evolved. A number of interdependent morphological adaptations occurred over a long period of time to solve challenges posed by habitual bipedalism. As a result, there are differences that exist between early and late hominin species.

fossils, burial sites, caves, and other sources of information. It is important to learn about

Based on a toe bone discovered among other fossils belonging to this new hominid, it has been determined by Haile-Selassie that “Ardipithecus ramidus kadabba almost certainly walked on two legs when on the ground. The creature’s teeth share more characteristics with all later discovered hominids than with the teeth of all fossils and modern apes” (Rickman 2001). Ardipithecus ramidus kadabba ate a smaller amount of fruit and more soft leaves than prior chimpanzees, according to the fossils of the hominids relatively large back teeth and narrow front teeth.

A set of 69 fossilized footprints in a layer of volcanic ash shows us that one of the individuals was larger than the other and that the big toe was displayed inwards, like that of hominids and not splayed outwards like monkeys. Long arms characteristic of apes were present, which gave the assumption that individuals climbed trees in order to forage.

Our world as we know it, is full of missing puzzle pieces when it comes to completing the picture of how human kind truly came to be. For years and years talented fieldworkers have been working all over the world to try and collect all of these missing pieces. Slowly over the years an increasing amount of body and fossil records are helping us better understand when, where and how hominins came into and left existence. There have been many discoveries between the Australopithecus Afensis and more recent discoveries with very human like features like the Homo Erectus. The discovery of the Australopithecus Sediba is seen as a bench mark halfway point in our evolutionary time line their fossil discovery gives us insight on how they would have lived, what they could have looked like and how they are presumably related to humans.

Lucy was a very early stage of hominid species that have since taken on different shapes and become more and more capable of thriving on this planet. From studying fossilized bones such as that of Lucy’s, we can pursue further studies on how greatly humans have evolved over the years. (Human

There are many traits to look at when figuring out which hominin species a mandible belongs to. These traits include: relative size of the anterior and posterior teeth, dental arcade shape, morphology of the corpus, and presence or absence of molarized premolars, a simian shelf, a chin and a retromolar space. These are the hominins that will be depicted in this article: Ardipithecus (Ar.) ramidus, Australopithecus (Au.) afarensis, Au. africanus, Au. boisei, Au. robustus, Homo (H.) habilis, H. erectus, H. neanderthalensis (neanderthals), H. sapiens (humans).

This article talks about Paranthropus robustus fossils that were from the Pleistocene time period. These fossils were found in Swartkrans, South Africa. Williams talked about how the dental features looked the way they did because of the excessive grinding of hard objects. The main purpose of this study was to look at three different specimens of Paranthropus robustus that had not been examined before. They wanted to compare how the enamel characteristic have evolved over time in southern African during the early Pleistocene. They look at the extant primate taxa by using a dental micro wear texture analysis to see how the enamel had evolved.

The conditions in which bipedal locomotion emerged are still unresolved. However they are all closely dependent on environment reconstructions. This project will contribute to the scientific community's understanding of the environments of the earliest Australopithecine.

This species, one of the earliest members of the genus Homo, has a slightly larger braincase and smaller face and teeth than in Australopithecus or older hominin species. But it still retains some ape-like features, including long arms and a moderately-prognathic face.

Prof Brian Villmoare of the university in Vegas said that it contains a clear link into a 3.2 million year old hominid who was eventually discovered in the same place in 1994 who was called Lucy. Anthropologists question if Lucy’s kind which is the Australopithecus afarensis could have evolved into which may be the very

• Lucy’s child (3-year-old A. afarensis) was found at the Dilila are of northeastern Ethiopia.