Australopithecus Comparison

Since the beginning of time our Earth has experienced many changes, these changes affected Australian biota whether it be in a positive or negative way. The study of Australian fossils contributes to the development of understanding the evolution of species in Australia in many different ways, such as seeing changes in physical appearance of species, and possible reasons why the species evolved into what they did, when and why a certain species may have become extinct and evidence/proof of theories such as natural selection. Each of these goes hand in hand and helps us find out what our Earth would have been like millions of years ago.

a) Discuss current research into the evolutionary relationships between extinct species, including megafauna and extant Australian species.

In the book Just Mercy, Walter McMillian was an African American who was falsely convicted and sent to death row for the murder of Ronda Morrison. Walter spent six years on death row terrorized, fearing for the day he would inevitably die. However, Walter was freed from death row after six years, finally being a free man once again. However, this does not mean that Walter finally received justice. After Walter was free he was diagnosed with dementia, a disease that tragically ended his life early, Walter also received a miniscule amount of compensation for the time he spent on death row, and he had no help dealing with the traumas from being on death row.

Extinction: Most species become extinct because they can’t cope with the environmental change, and also because of introduced species that turned into competitors for

The first primate like mammals should that they started to evolve in the early Paleocene Epoch and the beginning of the Cenozoic Era. The primates were roughly similar to squirrel and tress shrews in the size and appearance. Fragmentary fossil evidence that was found in Asia, North Africa, and in North America suggest that the primates have adapted a arboreal way of life in the warm, moist climates. The fossils show that these primates had a great sense of eye sight and good hand and feet coordination for climbing trees. With the end of the Eocene Epoch many of the

From its early stages as a 40 cm tall, 25 kg Eohippus to its current state as a 1.6 meter tall, 500 kg beast, every step can be traced through an abundance of fossils located mostly right here in the United States. While the changes in equids from their beginnings until now are drastic, I found it interesting that it was not necessarily gradual. Most of the changes in size, structure and teeth did not happen until the Miocene, upon which the development was rapid. Figure 5 shows the mass of Equid genera in comparison to when they lived. For the first half of equid development, barely any change occurred. This displays how important environmental factors are in the evolution of species; without the emergence and prominence of open grasslands in the Miocene, horses as we know them today would almost certainly not

Why would the Aboriginal Australians and the Native Americans have similar perspectives in their histories?

One thing that is very obvious from looking at the maps is that the ecological niche for Neanderthals is reduced, but it is also apparent that Neanderthal niches and AMH overlap each other. The map shows an AMH expansion while the Neanderthals show a contraction. The findings state that there should be no reason for the Neanderthal niches to have been reduced as the temperature was warm and favorable at the end of the H4 event. The final map shows an AMH rapid expansion after H4 caused and a reduction in Neanderthal ecological niches across Europe. The scientists suspect that the AMH expansion and the Neanderthal contraction are related. It goes further on to say that both species had contact with each other which allowed for genetic exchanges. The new findings contradict the theory that Neanderthals went extinct due to climate changes, but rather it was the AMH expansion that led to a completion between the two species that resulted in the extinction of the

Other than this remarkable jump, the physical features stayed relatively constant over those 1.4 million years(Washburn, McCown 1972). Some anthropologists say that their supra-orbital ridges were slightly more pronounced than previously, cranial bones were heavier and there was still no protruding chin but their molars had decreased in size (Washburn, McCown 1972).

This paper will look at the meaning behind the word Watchtowers. I will define the word and discuss such things as what it means to me and how it is used in practice. I will discuss why this word is important to me and why it is important to know. I will discuss how I will use this work and why I will use this word in my own practice.

The United States economy suffers greatly due to the discrimination of the Lesbian Gay Bisexual Transgender (LGBT) community. In the past twelve years, LGBT businesses have provided $1.7 billion for the United States economy (Marks). Many Americans, especially those from religious backgrounds, are opponents of the LGBT community (Chu). Many LGBT students in high school are bullied and drop out because of all the discrimination. When they drop out they are not able to obtain an education and get a job, which results in these students becoming a burden on society because the government is responsible for providing assistance to them, which is done with tax payer money (Archer). Additionally, adults in the LGBT community often experience some

Homo erectus was first found in Africa and the fossilized remains dated 1.8 and 1.0 million years old. The Homo erectus traits are very similar toward the modern human traits. Homo erectus brain size was smaller than the Homo sapiens. Homo erectus had a brain size of approximately 650 cc and Homo sapiens had a brain size of approximately 1251

They were full bipedal and their brain size and brain patterns evolved by increasing (590-687 cc). Their diet was mainly meat which might have an influence on their rapid growth of their brains. (Tobias 1987).

They say as mammals continued to evolve, they drove the dinosaurs into extinction (“What Killed the Dinosaurs”). “Not only did mammals likely compete with dinosaurs for resources, many species survived the end-Cretaceous extinction and subsequently came to dominate Earth.” (“What Killed the Dinosaurs?”). This is primarily because the early mammals were a lot smaller than the mammals that exist today. “Some of the world's earliest mammals were the multituberculates, a group of small rodent like animals that first emerged on Earth about 165 million years ago.” (Welsh, Jennifer). Scientists predict that any mass extinction event that caused animals to go extinct affected larger animals than it did the smaller animals, such as mammals ("Dinosaurs Became Extinct 'due to Laying Eggs'"). Mammals remained small for almost 100 million years, while they out competed small and baby dinosaurs for food, shelter and resources until they were extinct. Once the dinosaurs were out of the way mammals were able to evolve and grow large in size like the mammals that exist today today (LiveScience). Fossil evidence sheds some light on this theory as well. Fossils of mammals believed to date back to about eighty five million years ago show that mammals began to change rapidly and grow. “This matches up with other mammal groups, including recently discovered species from the Late Cretaceous (between 100 million and 65 million years ago) showing highly specialized

During the middle to late Eocene and into the Oligocene epoch several other members of the equids, with distinct evolutionary changes, existed including the Orohippus, Epihippus, Mesohippus, and Miohippus. The Orohippus developed from the Hyracotherium and shared many of the same traits. One major change was that the first and second toes disappeared. Another significant change occurred in the teeth. The last premolar changed to become like a grinding molar. Also the crests were more defined showing that the Orohippus’s diet had changed to a tougher plant material. During the middle Eocene a descendant of Orohippus appeared. The Epihippus still resembled a dog-like animal. It had four padded toes on the front leg, and three on the back leg. However, the teeth changed more drastically with two of the premolars changing to grinding molars. Now there were five grinding cheek teeth with low crowns. As