Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

Autism is the main form of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Autism is a developmental disorder that is manifested in problems with communication, impairment of social functioning, and repetitive behaviours. According to the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-V), ASD diagnoses must meet four different areas of criteria. There are three symptoms of "deficits in social communication and interaction across contexts," four symptoms of "restricted, repetitive patterns of behaviour, interests, or activities," "symptoms must be present in early childhood," and the symptoms must "together limit and impair everyday functioning" (Carpenter, 2013). There are many theoretical positions on the causes of autism spectrum disorders. Some of which have been discounted by empirical studies that have been researched and performed.

Many of us have heard about Autism, also knows as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Some have a family member, a friend, or know someone who has ASD. Increasingly it is becoming a more common disability. “Autism is one of the fastest-growing developmental disorders in the U.S” (Autism Speaks). Autism has no respect for gender, race, social class and or ethnicity. “Autism is a pervasive developmental disorder that involves abnormal development and function of the brain.” (Autism Center of Excellence) People who have autism have a lot of difficulties with social skills, communication and also will develop behavior issues. These behavior problems of an individual with autism can vary at times and can go from mild to severe. According to the Autism Science Foundation it says,” Many people with the Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) also have unusual ways of learning, paying attention, and reacting to different sensations. The thinking and learning abilities of people with ASD can vary—from gifted to severely challenged.” The causes and symptoms, as well as the diagnosis, and the treatments of autism vary.

According to the 2014 estimates from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), about 1 in 68 children have been identified as having an autism spectrum disorder (ASD); a rate that has been steadily growing over the past 20 years (National Autism Association, 2015). Increases in reported frequencies for ASD are most likely due to a combination of factors including broader diagnostic criteria and increased awareness as well as a true increase in the number of people with ASD (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). Autism it self does not effect life expectancy and, in general, people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) can expect to live as long as the non-cognitively impaired population (National Autism Association,

According to the CDC, autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is an umbrella term that includes a group of developmental disabilities that can cause significant social, communication and behavioral challenges. It affects a significant number of individuals in the United States, with the prevalence continuing to grow (Frye, 2014). A significant proportion of individuals with ASD also experience medical conditions such as epilepsy. In fact, treatment resistant epilepsy appears to have a higher prevalence in children with ASD than in children without ASD (Frye 2014). Many children with ASD also appear to have underlying metabolic conditions, including disorders of vitamin metabolism. Biotin, a vitamin of the B complex, is composed of ureido ring fused with a tetrahydrothiophene ring and is involved in the regulation of metabolism amongst many other vital life functions. Biotinidase deficiency is caused by mutations in BTD gene (located on the short p arm of chromosome 3 at position 25), which results in a deficiency of the biotinidase enzyme, an enzyme that is needed to recycle biotin, an essential cofactor for several carboxylase enzymes (Frye, 2014). Symptoms include seizures, developmental delays, skin rash, alopecia, seborrheic dermatitis, feeding difficulties, vomiting, diarrhea, brain atrophy and ataxia. (Frye, 2014). The identification and treatment of biotin disorders could improve the underlying metabolic derangements and potentially improve behavior and seizure frequency

Once a child is born, the parents may ask questions such as what kind of child he or she will grow up to be. However, when the child is born with a disability, the line of questioning may change to how could this happen to my child or what do we do now? Receiving the news that one’s child has been diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) may shatter a parent as their child and family’s life begins to change. These parents are now faced with many obstacles in trying to do what they feel will be best for their child. Now imagine having a child and you believe that he/she is not typically developing, but you never know what exactly is going on with them. This lack of diagnosis tends to occur within ASD when it comes to diagnosing

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a pervasive developmental disorder, which is characterized and diagnosed by social interaction and communication impairment and restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior and language.1 It is a debilitating and life-long disorder that affects health, relationships, and learning of affected children.2 It describes a continuum of mixed characteristics on main impairments in social and communicative abilities together with the presence of repetitive behaviors.3 It affects an estimated 1 in 110 children with an increasing incidence.1 Treatments vary in their effectiveness for treating children with ASD. Studies on the gluten-free and/or casein-free (GFCF) dietary intervention, which eliminates all

Autism is known as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), and it’s a neurological disorder that affects children at an early age, even at 2 years old. The misconceptions and controversies about the illness have caused a lot of backlash and hate towards the healthcare industry, especially doctors. Over the years, many people have believed and still currently think that vaccinations cause Autism. However, many tests and reports have been analyzed and studied through numerous scientists and they have concluded that this simply isn’t the case and vaccinations do not cause Autism. And this is extremely imperative for parents to understand the misconceptions about the illness and report to health professionals with any questions and concerns.

There is no cure for ASD. Therapies and behavioral interventions are designed to remedy specific symptoms that a person with ASD will most likely show, and can bring about substantial improvement. These treatment plans organizes therapies and interventions that meet the specific needs of individual children with ASD. (Adehem, 2006). Treatments that are helpful for autism are known as:

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is the fastest growing category in special education. It is a neurodevelopmental disorder generally diagnosed before the age of three. Its main factors include: repetitive stereotyped patterns of behavior, impairment in communication, and impairment in the area of social interaction (Heward, 1996). The DSM-IV “identifies ASD as part of a larger grouping, pervasive developmental disorders (PDD). According the DSM-IV-TR there are five subtypes of PDD: autistic disorder, Aspergcr 's syndrome (AS), childhood disintegrative disorder (CDD), Rett 's syndrome, and pervasive developmental disorder-not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS)” (Meadan, Halle, & Ebata, 2010).

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a life-long developmental disorder with a neuro-biological basis that can cause significant social, communication, and behavioral challenges. A diagnosis of ASD now includes several conditions that formerly were diagnosed separately: autistic disorder, pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified, and Asperger syndrome. ASD varies significantly in character and severity, it occurs in all ethnic and socioeconomic groups and affects every age group. Males are four times more likely to have an ASD than females (NINDS, 2014).

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by the early-onset inability to engage in social interaction, communication, and restricted, repetitive behavior. It is commonly known to be a developmental disorder. Genetics, in conjunction with developmentally early environmental factors, play a key role in the causation of autism. Studies show that autism is more prevalent in males than females, although there is not much difference in individuals with intellectual disability. Because atypical development is now being recognized early in toddlers, children are now frequently diagnosed at the age of 2 years and last into adulthood, although symptoms may improve over time. A wide range of health care providers are the first professionals to

“Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and autism are both general terms for a group of complex disorders of brain development.” Those with autism may have a number of developmental difficulties such as problems with social interactions, verbal and nonverbal communication, and repetitive behaviors. It is a severe neurodevelopmental disorder with impairments that have lifelong consequences. This paper will discuss how it is found in people, what the effects are, the levels of autism, and how you can help those with the disorder.

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a condition affecting 1 in every 100 people. ASD causes communication difficulties, sleep dysfunction and restrictions in movement. Autism is a lifelong condition affecting the way a person relates to their environment and interactions with people. This condition affects nearly 4 times the amount of boys than it does girls. Within Autism Spectrum Disorder, the word ‘spectrum’ refers to the different ranges of difficulty that a person with Autism will experience. There are different levels of affectedness ranging from being able to live a normal life to then someone struggling with learning difficulties or needing ongoing, everyday support (Randall et al., 2016; "What Is Autism?”, 2016).

Autism Spectrum Disorder is a pervasive developmental disorder that constitutes impairments in social reciprocity, behavioral development and verbal and nonverbal communication. It is often characterized by repetitive or restricted behavior. Autism being a spectrum disorder affects each child differently and they have different strengths, weaknesses and requirements. In 2013, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental

“Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and autism are both general terms for a group of complex disorders of brain development.” Those with autism may have a number of difficulties such as in social interactions, verbal and nonverbal communication, and repetitive behaviors. It is a severe neurodevelopmental disorder with impairments that have lifelong consequences. This paper will discuss how it is found in people, what the effects are, the levels of autism, and how you can help those with autism.