Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Case Study

Autism is the main form of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Autism is a developmental disorder that is manifested in problems with communication, impairment of social functioning, and repetitive behaviours. According to the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-V), ASD diagnoses must meet four different areas of criteria. There are three symptoms of "deficits in social communication and interaction across contexts," four symptoms of "restricted, repetitive patterns of behaviour, interests, or activities," "symptoms must be present in early childhood," and the symptoms must "together limit and impair everyday functioning" (Carpenter, 2013). There are many theoretical positions on the causes of autism spectrum disorders. Some of which have been discounted by empirical studies that have been researched and performed.

Autism Spectrum Disorders are developmental disabilities with lifelong effects for the person. They are characterized by the repetitive behaviors exhibited by the client with social and communication deficits as well. Clients with ASDs have unusual abilities to learn, they struggle with paying attention and may react inappropriately with extreme tantrums to different sensations. ASDs include and are not limited to autistic disorder, pervasive developmental disorder, atypical autism and Asperger disorder. Research of autism has been tracked by the Centers of Disease Control for prevalence since 1996, however tracking of developmental disabilities began in the 1980s.

Autism is the most rapidly growing developmental disorder in the U.S. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and autism are both similar terms for a group of complicated disorders of brain development. Autism Spectrum Disorders are characterized by significant difficulties in social interaction and communication skills with the presence of extremely odd behaviors. Autism is a spectrum condition meaning that while all individuals with autism share somewhat common challenges in their conditions they will all be affected differently. Social communication, interaction and imagination are three main areas of which all of those with autism share. Numerous individuals with ASDs have distinct ways of learning and behaving towards certain situations. Autism affects tens of millions globally and 3 million individuals in the United States alone.

Autism spectrum disorders include autistic and Asperger's Syndrome (AS), often studied in terms of executive functions, with controversial results (Taddei & Contena, 2013). In this paper, you will learn more about people that are autistic and the best nursing approach to take dealing with autistic persons. Autism is typically detected around age four, but later for minority and low-income children (Cuellar, 2015). Autism's prevalence has also increased, partly due to greater awareness, greater availability of services, and earlier detection, but also due to changes in diagnostic criteria (Cuellar, 2015).

I have a little boy I work with who is 8 years old who has Autism Spectrum Disorder. He is semi high functioning but becomes agitated very easy. He can read some words but shows most of his strengths in Math. He has difficulty staying on task and lacks motivation in doing his schoolwork. He becomes angry if the day is not organized and routines are not followed. He is very anxious and unorganized as well. There are many assistive technologies that could be used to help this student.

Autism spectrum disorder is a general term for the complex neurological diseases that affect brain development. The common characteristics of the disease are difficulties in social interactions, speech communication and repetitive sounds and movements. In May of 2013, the DSM-5 diagnostic manual placed all autism disorders under one umbrella known as ASD or autism spectrum disorders. This merged all of the sub-types like Asperger syndrome, autistic disorder, childhood disintegrative disorder, pervasive developmental disorder-not otherwise specified (autism speaks, 2014). Common characteristics of autism are intellectual disability, challenges in motor coordination, attention span

Minamata Bay, Japan. In the early 1950s, the Chisso Chemical Company constructed a factory that began expelling large quantities of effluent into the bay. The area's inhabitants soon began witnessing a variety of disturbing events. Seagulls fell from the sky, dead fish washed ashore, and frenzied cats were seen whirling in a mad dance ending in death. Soon thereafter, doctors began seeing patients with a staggering gait, numbness in the hands and feet, and more profound neurological impairments (Baker, 2008).

I’ve learned so much valuable information about Autism Spectrum Disorder in this topic. According to Davis, White and Ollendick (2014), Autism Spectrum Disorder can comorbid with Intellectual Disability, Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Oppositional Defiant Disorder and Conduct Disorder, Feeling Disorders, Elimination Disorders, Depressive Disorders, Bipolar and Related Disorders and Suicidality. According to Mattila (2010) comorbidity rates of Autism with other disorders is significantly higher for individuals who are in the 7-12 age range. Simonoff, Pickles, Charman, Chandler, Loucas, and Baird (2008) states that Autism Spectrum Disorders can comorbid to other psychological disorders from 40% to 70%.

Individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) may experience some forms of stigmatization within society. The stigma is not only attached to those affected by ASD, but also to the families who take care of them. Gray (1993) notes “families often find that public reaction to them is stereotypical and negative” (p. 103). Interactions with others might result in a range of reactions from misperceptions to adversarial encounters like bullying or less obvious forms like discrimination. This may force parents to keep from pursuing a diagnosis or services for their children. They may prevent their children from joining in community activities and from experiencing the same quality of life as normal children. These situations can take place anywhere

According to the CDC, one in sixty-eight children are identified as being affected with autism spectrum disorder also referred to as ASD. It is non- discriminatory in that it occurs in all racial, ethnic and socioeconomic groups. It does, however, occur more often in boys than it does in girls. The statistics are 1 in 42 for boys, whereas the occurrence is 1 in 189 when concerning girls. Dental professionals need to be able to recognize and accommodate the immediate needs of the autistic community as effectively and safely as possible, but in order to do this, awareness of barriers that may be present and the unmet needs of the child when they come in the office as well as how to handle these situations when they are presented must be understood.

Just a quick reminder that autism and autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have needs that challenge not only an individual but a family as well as our systems of care and the financial impact upon the individuals and their world around them. Within this paper I will discuss the emotional, relationship and financial implications within the realm of this chronic illness of autism.

in order to get him dressed in the morning. When crossing a street Tommy’s hand needs to be tightly held are he will dart out into the street.

Mia Moore is diagnosed with autism spectrum. This child also shows concerns in her speech. Every individual on the autism spectrum has problems to some degree with social skills, empathy, communication, and flexible behavior Communication Problems in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (2015). Mia is currently in the process of seeing therapy to get more answers about her concerns. There are many different types of autism, high-functioning autism, atypical autism, autism spectrum disorder, and pervasive developmental disorder Communication Problems in Children with Autism Spectrum (2015). Mia has not been diagnosed with a specific autism.

Autism spectrum disorder is a disability which children and young adults have; some people are normal about the disability and some people have difficulties about it. The three difficulties that cause the autistic people to go through are social challenges, communication problems, and repetitive behaviors. In addition, the disability is a condition that lasted long through the lives of autistic people. It states here in the article of Autism Speaks (2017); “while autism is usually a life-long condition, all children and adults benefit from interventions, or therapies, that can reduce symptoms and increase skills and abilities. Although it is best to begin intervention as soon as possible, the benefits of therapy can continue throughout

Autism Spectrum Disorder is a general term for a lifelong developmental disorder which can cause challenges in social interactions, behavior, and communication. Disorders that fall under this umbrella that is Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) include: autistic disorder, pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS), and Asperger syndrome. It is estimated that over two million people in the U.S. are affected by ASD. One in every 68 children has been diagnosed with ASD and boys are five times more likely to be identified with ASD than girls (Baio, 2014). The intellectual abilities of those with ASD have a vast range. Some are quite gifted in certain areas, while others may be severely