Autoimmune Theory: What Causes Diabetes Type One

Diabetes is a chronic disease that affects how your body turns food into energy (sugar). Type 2 diabetes has reached epidemic proportions in the United States, and the statistics continue to grow with no change in site, and is a major cause of cardiovascular disease.

Type 1 Diabetes is an incurable disease but there are treatments and managements on how to keep your blood sugar under control. Being that insulin is not being produced or secreted insulin will have to be taken every day via the subcutaneous route per a sliding scale managed by their physician. Management of carbohydrates will help decrease the amount of glucose entering your body. Frequently monitoring blood sugar will give you a range of how much of your intake is affecting your body and will let you know of how much insulin will need to be used. Keeping up with your insulin intake and monitoring your blood sugar will give you a baseline of how effective the therapeutic regimen you are on is actually taking effect on your body.

Type 1 diabetes is also called insulin-dependent because the pancreas produce little to no insulin due to the destruction of beta cell in pancreas(Bardsley et al, 2004). Therefore, the insulin have to be injected manually for body to function normally. (Seewaldt et.al, 2000) states that in type 1 diabetes, the beta cell located in the islets of Langerhans have antigen that cause the immune system to produce antibodies and kill the insulin producing cells. The autoimmune response is thought to be caused by the autoreactive CD4 and CD8 effector cells that recognise islet self-antigens, as an outcome there is greater than 90% destruction on insulin producing cell BACH (1994). Similarly, (Nakayama et al,2005) and (Kent et al, 2005) supports that insulin in itself is a

Diabetes is a disorder that is formed by high blood glucose. Diabetes is the seventh leading cause for death in the United States. It occurs most often in adults, but it’s one of the most chronic disorders in children. Individuals suffering from hyperglycemia have low production of insulin. American Diabetes Association is trying to prevent and cure diabetes and improve the lives of all people affected by diabetes.

For unknown reasons, the body of a T1D attacks the insulin producing cells, called islets, that are formed in the pancreas and destroys them. This type of attack is known as an autoimmune disorder (Diabetes Research Institute Foundation [DRIF], n.d.). Insulin is the hormone that allows sugar to enter cells, and produce energy. The body now sees islet cells as foreign and eventually the pancreas yields little to no islet cells. Once there are no more islet cells to produce the insulin hormone the sugar levels in the blood become high, called hyperglycemia. This disturbance in homeostasis is not like type 2 diabetes (T2D), where the body becomes insulin resistant. In a T2D, the pancreas still produces islet cells and they are still

Diabetes mellitus is an inability of the body to catabolize glucose This disease does not favor one gender over the other, it effects males and females equally. Currently, the origin of diabetes is a conundrum. Although, it is understood that the immune system attacks the beta cells but it is not clear how or why it occurs. It is hypothesized that T1D maybe hereditary and environmental factors contribute to the onset (5). Symptoms prevail in individuals whom have the majority of their beta cells destroyed via a cellular mediated autoimmune response (1).

Type 1 Diabetes: Causes: Autoimmune Response Type 1 diabetes is usually a progressive autoimmune disease, in which the beta cells that produce insulin are slowly destroyed by the body's own immune system. It is unknown what first starts this cascade of immune events, but evidence suggests that both a genetic predisposition and environmental factors, such as a viral infection, are involved.

Diabetes Diabetes is considered a metabolic disorder. Glucose is obtain from the food we ingest and normally insulin is release as the glucose levels rise. Insulin is produced in the pancreas by cells called Beta cells. Diabetes results from an imbalance of the hormone insulin. When Beta Cells fail

What is Diabetes? Diabetes affects approximately 6% of Americans, 17 million people, and alarmingly 5.9 million of them are unaware that they have this chronic disease. Diabetes is a disease that is classified into two central types, type 1 and type 2. The disease results in the body being incapable of producing enough insulin and also causes an inability to use the insulin that has produced. Type 1 diabetes is considered to be an autoimmune disease that has the ability to destroy the facility of the pancreas to produce insulin. Type 2 diabetes is a more complex disease that is characterized by elevated blood glucose levels which causes the body to produce but causes an inability to properly use what has been produced. Although millions of Americans suffer from this chronic disease, which can immerge in early childhood with the little-known cause of the disease, it is believed that diabetes is triggered by poor diet, exercise, obesity and inherited through genetics. Diabetes is a very manageable disease when it detected early but left untreated and managed it can possibly lead to death. A poor diet and obesity are a few of the leading causes of type 2 diabetes, which is the result of nutritional deficiencies. An individual with a body mass index of thirty or more increases their chances of developing type 2 diabetes. Currently in America, younger children have a greater risk factor of developing type 2 diabetes due to long term diets that consists of high saturated

Diabetes Type 1 is a severe chronic disease, which arises from the lack of insulin caused by the destruction of insulin producing beta cells of the pancreas. It is an autoimmune disease that attacks and destroys beta cells. In a healthy body, the immune system works as a guard, protecting our body from various foreign substances, such as viruses and bacteria, although in case of type 1 diabetes immune system destroys body’s own cells. (CITE)

Diabetes is a serious and complex condition that effects the whole body and the life of the person who is diagnosed. A person suffering from diabetes is unable to maintain healthy blood glucose levels. This is because the body does not produce enough insulin, a hormone that is needed to allow glucose to be converted to energy. Being diagnosed with diabetes means having to manage your life style and eating plan. If the body is not treated with the right care, the life of the effected person may be severely reduced. There are two main types of diabetes, type one and type two. Type one diabetes is a condition that usually onsets at an early age and cannot be prevented. Type two diabetes is usually discovered in adulthood, but there is an increasing

I. Food diabetes is a lifelong chronic disorder in which there are high levels of sugar in the blood. Hesy-Ra, an Egyptian physician, discovered food diabetes around 1152 B.C. The American Diabetes Association is founded in 1940, to address the increasing incidence of diabetes and the complications that develop from the disease.

The first type is Type-1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), which accounts for around 5 – 10 % of all the patients diagnosed with diabetes and it is an auto-immune disease that is characterised by the progressive destruction of β cells which eventually leads to nearly complete insulin deficiency. T1DM is also called insulin dependent diabetes or juvenile-onset diabetes, being more often seen in children or young populations (Imkampe and Gulliford, 2011). 80 – 90 % of the population that is being diagnosed with T1DM are noted to also have some of the following anti-bodies raised: glutamic acid decarboxylase, tyrosine phosphatases and insulin. They also tend to be more susceptible to develop other types of diseases such as: Addison’s disease, coeliac disease, myasthenia gravis, autoimmune hepatitis (American Diabetes Association, 2014) and they usually are of normal or even low weight. To be noted that obesity does not exclude the diagnosis of

Type one diabetes is an autoimmune disease, commonly diagnosed in children and young adults, in which an individual’s pancreas doesn’t produce enough or any insulin at all. Insulin is a hormone that allows the body to breakdown food we eat in order to create energy. Type one diabetes takes place when the body’s immune system attacks and extinguishes beta cells, or insulin producing cells, found in the pancreas. There is no known

Diabetes      Diabetes is a chronic condition in which the body produces too little insulin (Type One Diabetes) or can’t use available insulin efficiently ( Type Two Diabetes). Insulin is a hormone vital to helping the body use digested food for growth and energy.      According to the National Institute of Diabetes